{"id":2515,"date":"2013-07-06T15:04:30","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T08:04:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2515"},"modified":"2013-07-06T15:04:30","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T08:04:30","slug":"cong-nghiep-khoan-ngoai-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2515","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea9y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT ti\u1ebfp theo \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2010, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c thay v\u00ec to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 M\u0129 v\u00e0\u00a0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb USD $180 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 USD $8 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra 30,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi trong khi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi USD $97 t\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean cho n\u00ean th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cC\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 v\u00e0i nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m: M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. C\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CNTT trung b\u00ecnh (50 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi) v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CNTT c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn (100 \u2013 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi) trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti KH\u00d4NG kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf (5 t\u1edbi 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi). Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o CNTT \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh Master of Business Administration (MBA) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao Trung Qu\u1ed1c KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1edbm, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Nga, Philippines c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cDoanh nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh nh\u1ecf KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn kinh doanh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, KH\u00d4NG d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cai bi\u1ebft ai\u201d hay \u201cai c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ai\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, n\u1ebfu anh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m kinh doanh th\u00ec anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trung Qu\u1ed1c KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i v\u00ec ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o CNTT. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y cho sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG d\u1ea1y l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti CNTT c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i do k\u0129 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u01a1n ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTrong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o “ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m” nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 “chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\u201d. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. V\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1y t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.\u00a0 Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eadc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eadc hai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eadc ba. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng n\u0103m. Sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eadc hai v\u00e0 b\u1eadc ba, t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 80% s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa c\u1ed5 l\u1ed7, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169 k\u0129, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p l\u00fac kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, b\u00e1n qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, b\u00e1n v\u00e0 mua c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0169, b\u00e1n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n \u0103n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i n\u00ean lo l\u1eafng l\u1edbn trong thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, KH\u00d4NG thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec m\u1ea5y. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1i g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng cho t\u1edbi gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 n\u00e0o, thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, tu\u1ef3 theo vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 CNTT c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb 1992 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafn s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh 20 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh cao v\u1ec1 kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ec9nh. V\u00ec ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ecd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m CNTT l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p CNTT s\u1ebd t\u1edbi. H\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0y nay Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, c\u00e1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Khi \u00f4ng \u0111i th\u0103m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ba t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CNTT \u1edf Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, v\u00e0 Mumbai b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u00e0i trung t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u01a1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ee9 c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1eabn nhau. Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Li\u00ean, B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o v\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 hai sau \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng qui m\u00f4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 hay Philippines. C\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 qu\u00e3ng 10,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m khi n\u0103m c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 80,000 t\u1edbi 120,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1ec1 trung b\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 qu\u00e3ng 100 t\u1edbi 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 qu\u00e3ng 300 t\u1edbi 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y cho d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thay v\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cC\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111ang t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9 sau m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ebd r\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111i sang c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti d\u1eebng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 TCS, Wipro, Infosys \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 mua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti CNTT nh\u1ecf \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Khi c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c sinh l\u1eddi s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n k\u00e9m sinh l\u1eddi h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 TCS, Wipro, Infosys nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nghe n\u00f3i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i sai. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh ti\u1ebfng t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng t\u1ed1t th\u00ec r\u1ebb h\u01a1n ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u” m\u1ea1nh cho n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Bangladesh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u Phi. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. V\u00ec t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a danh ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t trong kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u201ch\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21 l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c nhanh nh\u1ea5t cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00eam n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u.\u201d<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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China outsourcing industry<\/p>\n

Seven years ago, many industrial analysts had predicted that China will be the next IT outsourcing giant by 2010, ready to compete directly with India for the top position. However, today China’s IT outsourcing is still limited to few neighboring countries like Japan and Korea instead of the entire global markets including the U.S and Europe. The fact is the global IT outsourcing markets in 2009 was valued at USD $180 billion but China only made approximately USD $8 billion and created only 30,000 new jobs when India made close to USD $97 billion and created several million new jobs. The fact that China is still a long way to catch up with India surprised me so last month, when I was in China, I asked several people for their opinions and recommendations.<\/p>\n

A software company owner told me: \u201cChina\u2019s IT outsourcing industry has several weaknesses: Although the university system can produce large number of technical workers but only few technical managers. There is a shortage of experienced software project managers that can manage medium (50 to 100 people) and large size IT projects (100 \u2013 500 people) in the industry. These kinds of project are very common in outsourced works since most companies do NOT outsource small projects (5 to 20 people). Among the IT training programs in university, the majority of courses are focusing on programming languages, web developments, and specific testing tools with little emphasis on the software lifecycle, system design or project management. Even in business schools including the Master of Business Administration (MBA) there are many courses on accounting, finance, marketing but very few on global management, foreign languages and soft skills. That is why China does NOT have enough managers with business and language skills to interact with other countries, especially customers in North America and Europe. If the education system do not change, we will not be able to reach our goal of being on the top. If we do NOT do anything about it soon, others such as Russia, Philippines could bypass us and be on top positions\u201d.<\/p>\n

A business analyst told me: \u201cTraditional business such as family relationship in small business environment do NOT work in a globalized world where people negotiate deals based on global strategy, NOT on \u201cwho know whom\u201d or \u201cwho is related to whom\u201d. However, our training programs are still advocate the traditional ways because professors never learn about another way of doing business as they never leave China or work in the industry. That put our students in a disadvantage situation, if you do not know how the world is doing business than you cannot go further. China does NOT have enough requirements engineers to obtain customer\u2019s requirements for outsourced works as this type of training does not exist in most IT training programs. We only teach students to be workers NOT business leaders. That is why many IT companies have difficulty in bidding on contracts where requirements are NOT well defined. Even with several million students graduating each year, most of them can NOT work in the outsourcing business due to limited language skills. As a result, more than three-fourths of China’s outsourcing works are focused on Japan and S. Korea where the works are limited to testing, programming because China has many people who can speak Japanese and Korean languages. If we do NOT advocate more language training, we cannot grow our industry\u201d.<\/p>\n

Another professor explained: \u201cFor many years, China\u2019s economy is focusing on \u201cProduct development\u201d but IT outsourcing is about \u201cService delivery\u201d. There is a fundamental difference between product and service. For product development, the key factors are cheaper labor and good manufacturing facilities. China has plenty of labor workers and government already spent billion in developing many good factories. However, in service industry, the key factors are knowledge and skills which means the focus must be shifted to investment in education and training.\u00a0 However, the current education system is NOT capable of meeting these needs. There is a tier system in our education system with top tier national schools, second tier state schools and third tier local schools. Top schools receive national attention and strong government supports so they can produce excellent students. Their graduates have no problem of finding jobs but the number of them is very limited, maybe a few thousand each year. Graduates from second-tier and third tier schools, which accounts for more than 80% of students population, do not have that advantages. They suffered from overcrowded classrooms, old textbooks, archaic laboratories, obsolete training programs, average skilled professors and that is why many are having difficult time to find jobs. Each year, we have several million unemployed graduates and there is a growing number of under-employment among graduates. They study one area then work at different area, mostly has nothing to do with their education. One can easily find graduates working in department stores, selling clothes, selling and buying old electronics devices, selling insurance, or even serve foods in restaurants. This issue raises significant anxiety among our young people about the value of our college education system and the chance of making a good living. Their hard work and investment in education is depending on the education system and how fast can it change to meet the demand. As of now, it is NOT changing much. For several years, there are plenty of debates about how to change and what to change but so far no one would do anything about it. There is no standard training program to focus on any particular IT skills, instead each school has their own program, depending on the available of professors because there is significant shortage of qualified IT professor. If we do NOT begin to create new training program that focus on what customers\u2019 needs, what industry\u2019s needs and having skilled workers than we will NOT be able to capture this golden opportunity\u201d.<\/p>\n

An industrial analysts told me: \u201cOur key weakness is there is NO central government policy to support outsourcing business. India had a National IT strategy plan since 1992 and it is very effective. Our government have NOT been able to put together a strong nationwide focus on IT outsourcing. Even they designated 20 cities to be IT outsourcing centers but leave it up to local governments to implement it. That is why there is high competition for outsourcing business among cities and provincial governments. As local government learned from their success in investment for product development, they immediately build large IT centers, large technology parks with strong infrastructures and hope that IT business will come. They do NOT differentiate between product and service because no one invest in education and training. Today China has large technology parks with many empty buildings because without the skilled workers which are the key factor in deliver IT services, they cannot obtain foreign outsourcing business. When you travel in India, you only saw three to four IT technology centers in Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, and Mumbai because India government know how to focus on a few centers of excellence where they have a good concentration of workers. This contradict with China where in almost every major cities, you can find large technology parks. Because of this scatter effort, no one is doing well\u00a0 as they keep competing with each other. The only exception is Dalian, Beijing and Suzhou because they received works from Japan, and S. Korea. If we do NOT focus on few areas and put in the necessity efforts to develop skilled workers, we will NOT be able to prosper from IT outsourcing\u201d.<\/p>\n

A government officer explained: \u201cAlthough China is still being considered for IT outsourcing works as we are still ranked as number two behind India but in reality, most companies in China can NOT scale up operations to meet the global demand. Most outsourcing companies are small compare with India or the Philippines. The largest company has about 10,000 software workers when the top five India companies have 80,000 to 120,000 workers. Actually, most Chinese companies, on the average, have about 100 to 500 people, basically too small to get outsourced works. Last year, one western company told us that their outsourced project was approximately about 300 to 500 people and they want to outsource about ten to twenty projects per year. We had only two companies that meet the requirement even that means the entire company must work on those projects. In the end, the contract went to India instead of China. If we continue the traditional small business attitude by continue to stay small and not growing than we cannot compete in global business\u201d<\/p>\n

A software company owner told me: \u201cThere is a competition for skilled workers among local companies. The turnover rate among IT workers is getting worst each year with average workers change jobs every sixteen months. Many companies hire IT graduates, train them for several months, invest a lot on them but after acquire the skills, most would left to another companies for better wages. That is why many companies stop hiring IT graduates. This issue is getting more difficult because recently, many Indian IT companies have set up operating centers in China to compete with local companies. Indian companies like TCS, Wipro, Infosys have offered much higher wages and better benefits than Chinese companies. In past few years, these Indian giants have also acquired many smaller IT companies in China and began to play a major roles in control the outsourcing business there. As far as Indian companies\u2019 concern, most of the profitable works will go to India but the less profitable but require more labor intensive such as coding, testing will be moved to China. Everyone know that outsourcing business is large and keep getting larger as the need to reduce cost and finding skilled workers continue throughout the world. The problem is we are competing with each others for workers and not pay attention to these Indian giants and it is possible that we cannot compete with India if they can dominate our local market\u201d.<\/p>\n

Another government officer explained: \u201cWe still have a lot to learn about globalization, we still have a lot to learn about global business as we need to market our brand to the world. Today everybody knows about Indian companies such as\u00a0 TCS, Wipro, Infosys but no one even heard of Chinese IT companies. For years, we have market ourselves as cheaper than India and this is absolutely wrong. We never mention about quality, we never mention about skills, we never mention about our modern infrastructure which are much better than many countries. Basically we do NOT know about marketing and since there is no evidence of outsourcing projects successfully delivered by Chinese companies we cannot build a good reputation. If we do not have good reputation than cheaper does not mean anything. Today we have no strong \u201cbrand\u201d for China\u2019s outsourcing capabilities because we do not have any large projects to prove our skills. We only do small programming and testing for others which is no different from other countries such as Vietnam, Bangladesh, and African countries. We are still compete among our cities for foreign business where everybody claimed that they are the best without any evidences. This hurt our international image because it fragment our national effort. As the importance of reputation is critical in global business, there is still a lot of things that we must do to improve our image but first we must abandon the \u201cCheaper image and low skills\u201d that we have advertised for many years. We must learn from past mistakes and grow in this area because in the 21st<\/sup>\u00a0century this is the fastest area to grow our economy. We cannot rely on manufacturing anymore, we must rely on our strength which is a billion people with highly skills, ready to do business anywhere\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea9y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT ti\u1ebfp … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2515"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2515\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2516,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2515\/revisions\/2516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}