{"id":2484,"date":"2013-07-06T14:45:51","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T07:45:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2484"},"modified":"2013-07-06T14:45:51","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T07:45:51","slug":"cach-hoc-tot-hon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2484","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sao l\u00e3ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi l\u1edbp mang theo m\u00e1y laptop v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn hay g\u1eedi email trong l\u1edbp. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3ng. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh “nh\u1eafn tin” cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 thay v\u00ec nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng laptop c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng trong b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Khi sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n laptop \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean in ch\u00fang ra v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean n\u00f3 thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng laptop.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd n\u00ean h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe t\u1ed1t. M\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cho r\u00f5, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nghe v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe: Nghe l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1eafng nghe l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1eafng nghe y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd nghe. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u201cH\u1ecdc qua H\u00e0nh\u201d, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho sinh vi\u00ean cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho TR\u01af\u1edaC khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc th\u00eam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 “l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t” h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u1edbp khi l\u1eafng nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1edfi v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 nhanh h\u01a1n gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc hay \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f3i, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd v\u1ea9n v\u01a1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai\u201d h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Trong khi sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 nhanh h\u01a1n gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nhanh h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec, thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. V\u00ec h\u1ecd in ra t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean n\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u201ct\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp\u201d \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4n l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc lo\u1ea1i ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Sau gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp, khi h\u1ecd \u00f4n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba\u201d h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ba l\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG mu\u1ed1n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian thi ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng” ngay khi b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbp. \u0110\u1eeaNG t\u1eeb b\u1ecf hay d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. L\u1eafng nghe ch\u0103n ch\u00fa h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i. \u0110\u1eeaNG ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. M\u1ecdi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m cho l\u1edbp quan t\u00e2m h\u01a1n, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 H\u1eccC T\u1eacP, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd TH\u00c0NH C\u00d4NG l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

How to study better<\/p>\n

Today college students have so many distractions that prevent them from learning. Many students come to class with laptops and often receive or send emails during class. Some even play computer games online during lectures. With smart phones, many could \u201ctexting\u201d with friends instead of listening to lectures. As a professor, I often ask students to close their laptops and turn off their mobile phones during my lecture. When students told me that they need laptops to take notes, I told them that all my lectures are available online before class and they should print them out and write their notes on it rather than using laptops.<\/p>\n

I often remind students that\u00a0to succeed in college, they should learn to be a good listener. All important things that students must learn are often presented by professors in their lectures. By listening and understand the lecture well, they have more chance to succeed than just reading textbooks. There is a difference between hearing and listening: Hearing is passive but listening is active. Listening requires students to pay attention and think about what they hear. With \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d method, course materials are always available to students before class so they must read and complete assigned works BEFORE come to class. By reading materials ahead of time, they are aware of what will be taught in class and they are ready to learn more. This is the \u201cfirst time\u201d they learn.<\/p>\n

In class when listen to the lecture, students can identify what the professor expect them to learn and verify with what they have learned. This will give them a sense of purpose for their of learning. Because students can think faster than the professor can speak so they can evaluate what is being said and what they have learned or understood. This is the time for student to ask questions to clarify what they have learned and confirm their understandings. By focus on what the professor is saying, students can avoid the issue of let their minds wander to other things. By being an active listener they make a conscious choice about their learning and this is the \u201csecond time\u201d they learn.<\/p>\n

While students can think faster than the professor can speak but they cannot write faster so taking notes requires them to make decisions about what to write, instead of writing everything. Since they print out the lecture materials and write their notes on it, they will have more complete \u201cStudy materials\u201d for review. This allow them to pay more attention to what is important and filter out unnecessary things. By taking good notes about what the professor says and have readiness attitude, students are committed to more learning. After class, as they review their notes and compare with what they have learned, they will understand the materials better. This is the \u201cthird time\u201d they learn. Several researchers have found that when people learn something three times, they retain the materials much better.<\/p>\n

As College students, you do NOT want to wait until testing time to begin study. You must be \u201cactive learners\u201d as soon as you start the class. Do NOT give up or stop listening when you find the materials being taught difficult to understand. Listen more carefully and work hard to understand what is being said. Do NOT hesitate to ask questions. Every professor like to answer questions because questions make the class more interesting, more lively and can help them improve the way they teach. If you stay focused on LEARNING, you will SUCCEED for sure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sao l\u00e3ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi l\u1edbp mang theo m\u00e1y laptop v\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2484"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2485,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2484\/revisions\/2485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}