{"id":2453,"date":"2013-07-06T12:11:05","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T05:11:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2453"},"modified":"2013-07-06T12:11:05","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T05:11:05","slug":"chuong-trinh-bang-cap-chuyen-sau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2453","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u00ed do m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 hay Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hay kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111i l\u00e0m cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1c s\u0129 hay ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m, r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edfng. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng CAO H\u01a0N sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 \u00cdT H\u01a0N, tr\u1eeb phi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti thu\u00ea ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. Sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean”, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea h\u1ecd v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 s\u1edf, k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v.v. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ki\u1ec3u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o. Tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, an ninh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, robotics, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o), c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, e-commerce, h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v.v. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao, \u0110I\u1ec0U QUAN TR\u1eccNG cho sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xin h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n n\u00e0o h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea1c s\u0129 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00ec n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t h\u00e0n l\u00e2m cao. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 R\u1ea4T M\u1ea4U CH\u1ed0T n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u0129, KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e2m v\u00e0o v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eebng \u1ea5y. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea1c s\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mong \u0111\u1ee3i r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean duy tr\u00ec kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec3m trung b\u00ecnh (\u1edf M\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng 3.3 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u trong khi 4 l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t). \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 c\u0103ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd.\u00a0T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n gi\u1ecfi, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00ec ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn g\u00ec, \u0111\u1eebng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00f9ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng tin th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ean internet \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n. Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng. \u0110i theo tr\u00e1i tim m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eef \u201cki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf g\u1ea7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n qu\u00e1 xa v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m. S\u1ebd kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean n\u1eefa. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m h\u1ecd h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m h\u1ecd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e1i g\u00ec gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p\u00a0nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 cho h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi\u00a0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian. Cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea1nh tranh cao. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u00f3m cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. T\u00ecm c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. S\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n ch\u00e1n, cho b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean” hay “chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c\u201d.<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 l\u00ed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi khi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ngay khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bi\u1ebfn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trong t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed h\u00e0n l\u00e2m hay chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 “chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean”. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p hay c\u00e1c u\u1ef7 ban \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho b\u1ea1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00eam trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The advanced degree program<\/p>\n

There are several reasons that students want to continue to pursue advanced degree programs such as Master or Doctorate. Many want to advance their knowledge and further their education but some do not know what to do yet, so they decide to stay in school. There are few who could not find jobs or not ready to go to work so they also stay in school. These are NOT good reasons. An advanced degrees such as Master or Doctorate degree is a decision that you must take very seriously. It is a major investment of money, efforts, and time of your life to further your education.<\/p>\n

Some students believe that by having a higher degree, they will be able to get better jobs, better salary, leading to better future. However, many discovered few years later, that it does not happen as they thought. The fact is students with a Master degree do get HIGHER salary than students with Bachelor degree but the chance of getting job is much LESS, unless they have the \u201cSpecial skills\u201d that the industry need. Typically, companies hire mostly students with Bachelor degree because these students have good foundation that companies can train them on whatever skills they need. Students with a Master degree are considered \u201cSpecialist\u201d, that means they already have particular skills that they want to do. If the company needs these skills, than it is a match. If not, there is no reason to hire them and pay more.<\/p>\n

In the undergraduate programs such as Computer Science and Software Engineering programs, students learn basic concepts, basic skills such as programming, testing, designing etc. After graduated, they can work as testers, programmers, developers, technical leaders, project managers in any types of application, platforms and technology. Depend on what the company need, they can be trained to meet the need easily. However, the graduate program takes students to a much narrow and specialized area where they will be learning specific knowledge and skills. For example, Computing Security, Embedded software, Database and data mining, Robotics, Machine Learning (Artificial Intelligence), Biotechnology, e-commerce, Managing information system etc. That is why, it is IMPORTANT for students to decide early before applying to a Master degree program on what specialized programs that they want to study.<\/p>\n

A Master degree program is different from Bachelor program because it requires a higher level of academic achievement. Students must excel at reading, writing, and analyzing information. This is VERY CRITICAL if you want to pursue your education in a foreign country. I have seen so many foreign students failed in U.S schools, NOT because they do not study hard but because of their language deficiency. If you still not sure of what you want, you need to speak with professors and graduate students to get better idea of what is required. I have seen many first year students in the Master Degree program struggled, being overwhelmed by so much information, so many things that they must know. Many students told me that they have no idea of what they are getting into as they are not prepared to learn that much. In a Master degree program, it is expected that students maintain a better than average grade (In the U.S. it is usually a 3.3 minimum where 4 is the highest). It also requires certain maturity and responsibility of students as the learning is fairly intense which require students to managing their time effectively.<\/p>\n

Before making decision, students must take time to seek information from multiple sources such as Career-counselors, Professors, family members and graduate students before decide what is best for them.\u00a0I found that successful students in the advanced degree programs know what they want, they are well prepared ahead of time, and ready to do more than the work required. They understand the value of higher education and always open to new ideas, new situations and new experiences. If you want to further your education in an advanced degree program you need to:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Choose the specialized field of study carefully. Know what you are good at, know what you are interested in. Conduct some investigations on the prospect of future job opportunity and select only area that you feel comfortable with because it is you who are responsible for your future.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 If you still do not know what to choose, do not despair because most students are in the same position. Choose several areas then find additional information to help you to select the best. Read articles in the internet to find out about the trends, what the industry needs, and what the local market want. Nobody know everything, you never know until you try. Follow your heart and your interest but keep a \u201cReality check\u201d so you stay close to the job market and not diverse too far into something that you may regret later.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ask questions of the people who are working in the area that you want to study. As student, you can ask a lot of questions that people do not mind. It will be harder if you no longer a student. Prepare your questions carefully, ask how they got started, why they study in that area, what pleases them and what surprises them, what kind of projects they work on, what help they got along the way, what they wish they had done, what advice they can give you.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 If you get accepted in an advanced degree program, it is just a start. You must be well-prepared to succeed. Time management is critical so you must set your priority and devote everything to learning. In an advanced degree program, you must know the professors well because they can direct you toward your education goals. However, you cannot depend on your professors to help you if they do not know you. Most professors are busy with their research activities and do not have time. So you must get to know them and be known in return. You should read about their research and career first, by knowing their expertise then you can ask them for advices.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Most classes in an advanced degree program are small but the competition is high. Many classes are organized as group efforts so you must select team members carefully. Get to know your team and make sure that they all share your interest. Willing to take the challenge in class, do not select any assignment that seems simple as you are learning a special skills. Easy assignments will bore you, give you a lower grade, and teach you nothing. In this environment, you must strive hard to learn because you will become a \u201cSpecialist\u201d or an \u201cExpert in a field\u201d.<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Another way of getting to know professors and advance your learning is to consider working for them as a research assistant. By helping them, you will have chance to learn more and connect yourself with new ideas and other professors. Most advanced degree program involve research so you must be prepared ahead of time. Do not wait until the professor ask or direct you to do something. You must be prepared and select your research as soon as you are ready.<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Turn your research into a paper to be published in a academic or professional journal. This is important for you to get recognized and prove that you are an \u201cSpecialist\u201d. Get involved with professional activities or committees to further your career. Many employers are looking for aggressive, creative, entrepreneurial specialist in particular field to lead activities, You must prove that you can do more than follow directions. You must demonstrate your expertise, initiative, drive, and ability to lead, to deal with conflict and solve problems. Basically you want to make sure that the advanced degree will not just get you a job but it must open the door of opportunity for you because you have invested additional time, efforts in your career.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u00ed do m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 hay Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2453"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2454,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453\/revisions\/2454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}