{"id":2443,"date":"2013-07-06T12:03:42","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T05:03:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2443"},"modified":"2013-07-06T12:03:42","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T05:03:42","slug":"phia-doanh-nghiep-cua-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2443","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ray Brooke l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb Carnegie Mellon m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00f4m nay anh ta s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 15,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore, v\u00e0 Philippines. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, anh ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i CMU \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i \u0103n tr\u01b0a c\u00f9ng nhau. B\u1eefa \u0103n tr\u01b0a nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh ta l\u00e0m sao sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n anh \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti. Ray cho l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: “B\u1ea3o h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Anh ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cK\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf ph\u00eda k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u00ean ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. M\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec7n doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec ai \u0111\u00f3?\u201d cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf M\u0129 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n. L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i hay th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec7n kinh doanh. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch th\u00fa l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec KH\u00d4NG. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cV\u1eady y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p sao?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o “ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m” \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh hay k\u1ebf to\u00e1n. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin (CIO). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cNghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n sang “ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cSinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u00f4i t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. T\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n qua d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Khi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi t\u1edbi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00ean l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y th\u00eam c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00eam. Trong v\u00f2ng b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Qua th\u1eddi gian, khi ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u00f4ng ti. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ecdi kinh doanh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00f4ng ti. T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam. T\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, l\u1eafng nghe, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc ao r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y khi t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 theo h\u1ecdc “l\u1edbp k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Khi nhu c\u1ea7u thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n t\u1edbi, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng M\u0129 c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 m\u00ecnh: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf M\u0129, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cho h\u1ecd ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd cho t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Kinh doanh n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m r\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf M\u0129 nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Malaysia, v\u00e0 Singapore. Ng\u00e0y nay t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 15,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 sinh ra v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.”<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: \u201cSao kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00e0 internet, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i mua c\u00e1i g\u00ec, c\u1ee9 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb internet. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho c\u00f4ng ti, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hay m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u1eefa, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea ch\u00fang t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Facebook, Twitter, v\u00e0 blog, cho n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m cho b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 hay Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n thu\u00ea n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cho kh\u00f4ng trong n\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n m\u1edf doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf trong n\u0103m n\u0103m. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ng\u00e0y nay r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o th\u1eddi h\u1eadu suy tho\u00e1i khi kinh doanh \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cS\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti chi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3 cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh. T\u1eeb ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 H\u00c0NH \u0110\u1ed8NG, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.”<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cN\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u00f3i g\u00ec cho h\u1ecd?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta c\u01b0\u1eddi to: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00eda doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb s\u1eafp ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng, cha m\u1eb9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. Sao kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o internet. Sao ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i? C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. L\u00e0m n\u00f3 \u0111i.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The business side of software<\/p>\n

Ray Brooke was one of my students who graduated from Carnegie Mellon sixteen years ago. Today he owns\u00a0a large software company with over 15,000 people and many offices in India, China, Singapore, and Philippines. Last week, he returned to CMU to give a speech for the Alumni club so we decided to have lunch together. The lunch quickly became a conversation about current trends within the software industry and I asked him how students could follow his footsteps if they want to start a company. Ray gave a simple advice: “Tell them to focus on the business side of software.”<\/p>\n

He explained: \u201cBusiness skills are the most important in software industry today but students graduate in technical area only want to work on technical projects. If they are trained in designing, coding and testing then all they want is doing exactly on what they are trained. No one is willing to learn something else and that is why it opens opportunity for me. I started in the technical side but when I found there was an urgent need in the business side, I made a quick change. Sixteen years ago, there were few technical people who were willing to work in the business side so I had no problem to go into business area. I learned about how to manage project, how to work with customers, and how to negotiate business deals and I climbed to higher positions very quickly. When I reached the top, I asked myself: \u201cWhy do I have to work for somebody?\u201d so I started my own company. After that, I learned that there was a shortage of skilled people in the U.S but there were many skilled people in India and China so I opened offices there. Today my company provides IT services to hundreds companies all over the world\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cBut every company also had business people, people who study finance and accounting. How can you were successful but they were not?<\/p>\n

He laughed: \u201cBusiness people did NOT know technical and did not want to learn about technical. Technical people did NOT know business and did not want to learn about business. Since I was willing to learn, I had no competition. Even today, finding technical people with business skills is still rare. I find it difficult to find technical people who can communicate or negotiate a business deal. Most technical people are happy to do technical works. The problem is technical works can easily be done elsewhere but business work is NOT. You cannot outsource the business.\u201d<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cSo the key factor is to get out of programming and into business skills?\u201d<\/p>\n

He corrected: \u201cWhat I mean is to move into the \u201cbusiness side of software\u201d which is different from the business skills such as finance or accounting. Students need to learn how to become systems analyst, business analyst, project manager, director, Chief Information Officer (CIO). These are the business skills of managing a technical area. Of course it takes time and requires the right experience and learning to be successful. Today many companies outsource programming and testing to lower cost countries so to have jobs, students must learn additional business skills.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cIt sounds easy but how do you move to the “business side”?<\/p>\n

He explained: \u201cStudents could take classes on Information System Management. If they already working in the industry, they can do it by assuming more responsibility, learning management and improving their problem-solving skills and Soft-skills. I began my career as a programmer but when the project had problems with customers, I volunteered to work with customers to solve problems. When others wrote code, I \u00a0negotiated with customers and analyzed their requirements. Eventually I became a Business Analyst, someone who focus on understand customers\u2019 needs and negotiated with them on requirements changes. I worked hard and accepted more responsibilities throughout the project. When things were overwhelming for my project manager, I jumped in to help and gradually accepted more of the project management responsibilities. When new opportunity came, I was promoted to project manager. I learned more about project management by taking additional classes to improve my skills. When my project completed successfully, I was given additional projects. Within four years, I moved to manager and manage several projects. Over time, as the company owner’s confidence in my abilities grew, I was promoted to director to manage the entire division of the company. Few years later, I became the Vice President to manage all software business for the company. I continued to improve my skills by took additional courses. At this level, the \u201cSoft-skills\u201d such as communication, presentation, negotiation, listening, conflict resolution, time management are very important.<\/p>\n

He stopped and told me: \u201cI wish that I could learn those skills when I was still in school. I did not take your advice on taking the \u201cSoft-Skills class\u201d before I graduated. When the need of hiring more software people come, I found that the U.S had a shortage of skilled people and have to hire many developers from India and China. I thought to myself: \u201cThis is a good opportunity to have my own company\u201d so I started a company and went to India to open an office there. Since I already knew a lot of customers in the U.S, I told them that I could do the same work for much less. My past successes gave them the confidence that I could do it so they gave me many software works. The business grew quickly from ten to hundreds then thousands customers. I started with customers in the U.S but eventually have customers all over the world. To keep growing, I opened offices in China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Today I have over 15,000 developers and generate several hundred million dollars per year. Basically, It is all about understand the business side of software, identify the opportunities, and take action\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cThat happened several years ago but do you think students can still doing thing like what you did today?<\/p>\n

He seemed surprised: \u201cWhy not? There are much more opportunities today than ten years ago. Today every business need information technology and with cloud computing and internet, you can do itanywhere. In my opinion, this is\u00a0the best time to start a software company. To start a company, you need software tools, but with open source you do not have to buy anything, just download those tools from the internet. You need people for the company, but there are lots of skilled people who need jobs, especially in Asia so you can hire them easily. You need infrastructure, but with the cloud computing, you do not have to buy equipments or servers anymore, you can rent them from Service Providers. Of course, you need marketing but you can use Facebook, Twitter, and blogs, so marketing is also no cost to you. You need offices but today you can rent offices in Technology parks in India or China for significant low cost. The Chinese government could rent it to you at almost zero costs for five years if you hire enough of their people so you do not have to start with a lot of money. If you open business in China, you also pay no tax for five years. There are so many opportunities today than ten years ago because starting a company today is much cheaper and much easier\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cBut would you still start a company in a post-recession time when business is slowly recovered?\u201d<\/p>\n

He smiled: \u201cIt would better if it is not in a recession and companies are spending more money. But starting a new company takes several months, if you start now then you will be ready when the economy improves. At this time, many people are afraid so no one would do anything and that is a great opportunity because there is no competition. From the business side, you must identify opportunity and take ACTION, and this is the time for action.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cIf you talk to our students today, what are you going to tell them?\u201d<\/p>\n

He laughed aloud: \u201cI will tell them to focus on the business side of software because that is the future. By the way, for a young student getting out of school, your parents are still supporting you. Why not live at home and start your company now. You do not need a lot of money but only few computers and access to the internet. Why wait? The opportunity is here and now. Just do it\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ray Brooke l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb Carnegie Mellon m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00f4m nay anh ta s\u1edf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2443"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2444,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2443\/revisions\/2444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}