{"id":2432,"date":"2013-07-06T11:52:37","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:52:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2432"},"modified":"2013-07-06T11:52:37","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:52:37","slug":"ki-nang-mem-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2432","title":{"rendered":"K\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t email: \u201cC\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao em ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang? K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m? C\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m hay c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng? Xin th\u1ea7y cho l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: \u201cK\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m\u201d hay \u201ck\u0129 n\u0103ng li\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u1eabn nhau.\u00a0C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t, k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5, k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v.v. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u201ck\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua th\u1eddi gian trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo t\u1ed5, k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian, k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong t\u1ed5. \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 cho c\u00f4ng ti. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1ea1n l\u00ean t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng li\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i l\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. B\u1edfi l\u00ed do n\u00e0y, k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t k\u0129 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m”. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” hay m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, r\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a t\u1ed1t b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i tin v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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Soft-skills<\/p>\n

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A student asked me in an email: \u201cHow many \u201cSoft-skills\u201d are there and how do you develop them? Which one is the most important for a software developer? Are there schools that teach soft-skills or is there a degree in soft-skills? Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Answer: \u201cSoft Skills\u201d or \u201cInterpersonal skills\u201d are proficiencies that people apply when interact with each others.\u00a0There are many \u201cSoft-skills\u201d such as\u00a0communication skills, conflict resolution skills, \u00a0negotiation skills, strategic thinking skills, team building skills, selling skills etc. Basically, \u201cSoft-skills\u201d are\u00a0not something you can learn in a short time but develop overtime in life. There are few soft-skills that you learn in school such as communication skills, presentation skills, teamwork skills, time management skills, problem solving skills that help improve yourinteractions with others, enhance your study performance and help advance your career.<\/p>\n

A good software developer must develop some soft skills as they are important because most software works are done in team. Your individual contribution to the team is important to the success of the project and the company. As you move up to a higher positions such as Requirements engineer or Business analyst, you will have to work with customers. The ability to communicate face-to-face, the presentation skills, the listening skills and negotiation skills are becoming critical to your career success. As you move up to project manager position, your time management skills, interpersonal skills, leadership skills, conflict resolution skills and decision making skills are becoming more important to the success of the project. It has been suggested that as people move up in their career, soft skills are becoming more important over the long term than technical skills. For this reason, soft skills are being sought out by software companies in addition to technical qualifications.<\/p>\n

There are many \u201csoft-skills\u201d training classes. Some teach general soft-skills and some focus on specific skill such as negotiation or presentation. However, there is no \u201csoft-skills\u201d degree or a particular field of study in soft-skills. My advice for software developer is first focus on\u00a0the technical skills, then learn to have good command of a foreign language. I think English is a good choice because you can use English almost everywhere and it is also the most common language using in the software industry. By having both technical skills and communication skills in a foreign language, you can advance your career faster than others. With the globalization trends, most software developers will not work in one place but have to travel to many places so having a foreign language skill is a necessity. I believe few years from now, having only technical skills will NOT be enough but every software developer must also have communication skills, especially the ability to speak at least one foreign language.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t email: \u201cC\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao em ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang? K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2432"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2433,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2432\/revisions\/2433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}