{"id":2430,"date":"2013-07-06T11:51:17","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:51:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2430"},"modified":"2013-07-06T11:51:17","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:51:17","slug":"doi-thoai-voi-mot-nguoi-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2430","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cTo\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kinh doanh. T\u1ea1i sao thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $100,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m trong khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1edbi $30.000. T\u1ea1i sao l\u00e0m xe h\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed $13,000 m\u1ed9t xe khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed $6,000. To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p gi\u00e1, cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201cTo\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t. B\u00ean trong th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u1eabn nhau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn \u0111ang bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. D\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nhau, nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, h\u1ecd b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh chung. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y tranh lu\u1eadn: \u201cNh\u01b0ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cT\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng trong “Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ea3o” \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o internet. Giao t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eedi \u0111i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Ng\u00e0y nay, kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u00a0T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a CNTT l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi CNTT ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m n\u1eefa b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Khi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 x\u1ea3y ra, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01a1n s\u1ebd chi ph\u1ed1i. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 then ch\u1ed1t s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: \u201cNh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n, d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3, kh\u00ed ga v\u00e0 kinh doanh v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. L\u00e0m sao tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cNg\u00e0y nay, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3, kh\u00ed ga v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y khi ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o “nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p” m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed ga th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng “nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p” n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti b\u00e1n d\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean? N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u bao nhi\u00eau “nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p” cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi? Bao nhi\u00eau vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3? Bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra? C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra cho l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c n\u1eefa. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi sinh h\u1ecdc gen, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea5t k\u00ec lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng “c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1n ph\u00ed cho b\u1ea1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n \u00edt h\u01a1n? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3? C\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i ng\u1ee5 \u00fd b\u1edfi tri th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i tin c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ng\u00e0y mai.\u201d<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201c\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra h\u00f4m nay.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cB\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sao? Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. \u201cNhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p” n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1ec9 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9. Li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ed3i. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gen sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao, kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, n\u01a1i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf sa m\u1ea1c v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u1edf chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. N\u1ebfu chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xem nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i bao nhi\u00eau \u00edch l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra ch\u00fang? N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edch l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ch\u00fang? Tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf hay n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n hay t\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.”<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i tranh lu\u1eadn: \u201cNh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra. T\u00f4i tin n\u00f3 khi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “OK, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch tri th\u1ee9c \u0111em \u00edch l\u1ee3i t\u1edbi cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y 20 n\u0103m. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT gi\u00fap d\u1eabn l\u00e1i “ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u kinh t\u1ebf” c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Trong n\u0103m 2000, CNTT \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p qu\u00e3ng 2.5% cho GDP c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 11.5% c\u1ee7a GDP. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u0169ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb $28 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 l\u00ean $86 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p 2.5 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1o ra 7 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam l\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. V\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: \u201cNh\u01b0ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cV\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t nhanh. Khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i t\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1980, Bangalore c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf M\u0129 v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 xe m\u00e1y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec xe n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 BMW hay Lexus. Ng\u00e0y nay \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ph\u00fa h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. Trong danh s\u00e1ch 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao tri th\u1ee9c CNTT l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1i d\u1eabn l\u00e1i then ch\u1ed1t cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n then ch\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. CNTT l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ai tin r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay, kh\u00f4ng ai ho\u00e0i nghi r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Bill Gates, Sergey Brin, Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u m\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 t\u00ean Narayan Murthy b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 t\u00ean Infosys \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngu d\u00e1m th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 IBM. Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngu ng\u00e0y nay khi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y nay? Kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i tin tri th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd gay g\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong CNTT, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201cV\u1eady ra ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng: \u201cKh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i iPhone hay Android. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u m\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ti v\u00ec m\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 xa hoa cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti vi m\u1ea7u m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ph\u1eb3ng 3 chi\u1ec1u. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o trong c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3nh quan to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xem c\u00f9ng phim, h\u1ecd theo d\u00f5i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao, nghe c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00fap cho to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 x\u1ea3y ra nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 con dao l\u01b0\u1ee1i k\u00e9p. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ti vi, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd v\u00ec ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang xem tr\u00ean ti vi.\u00a0D\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ti vi v\u00e0 radio, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u01b0 x\u1eed kh\u00e1c \u0111i. Ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n \u0103n m\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ki\u1ec3u t\u00f3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v.v. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o ti vi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, kinh doanh, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01a1i n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed3i h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: “Nh\u01b0ng anh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 anh th\u00edch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ph\u00eda s\u00e1ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ho\u00e1 kh\u00e1c, cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3.\u00a0N\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chia nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta \u0111i qua c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u00a0T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bao h\u00e0m m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho cha m\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c T\u1ed0T H\u01a0N, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kinh doanh, KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng, NH\u01afNG C\u0168NG c\u00f2n h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trung th\u1ef1c, to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed. T\u00f4i tin c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n hay t\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5t.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Conversation with a friend<\/p>\n

Last week I had a conversation with a friend. He said: \u201cGlobalization is the new economic of this century as it changes the way countries and companies do business. Why hire a software developer in the U.S for $100,000 a year when you can hire an Indian developer for $30.000. Why build cars in Europe for $13,000 per car when you can do that in China for $6,000. Globalization lower prices, provides cheaper product and services. It is good for consumers. It is good for lower cost countries in Asia but NOT good for higher cost countries such as the U.S and Europe. However, it helps balancing the economic power between countries.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cGlobalization is more than just the economy of cheaper labor and costs. It is more than balancing the economic power between countries. With globalization, everything will be integrated and the world will be changing into a single entity. Within that entity, every country will work together, collaborate with each other, and at the same time compete with each others. This relationship is complex and difficult to explain as it is still evolving and we are still learning about it. Whether we like it or not, every country will be part of this global system if they want to prosper, else they will be left behind. In other word, with\u00a0globalization, national boundaries will disappear and people of different countries will learn more about each other, many ideas and lifestyles will be fully integrated. People will realize that regardless where they come from, they are now part of the world with a common destiny. If people understand this concept and cooperate wisely, globalization can be the best chance to improve the lives of a lot of people.\u201d<\/p>\n

He argued: \u201cBut national border still exist, every country has its own laws and culture.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cOf course, countries still exist with their borders but in the \u201cVirtual world\u201d it does not matter. With information technology, everything is connected as more people have access to the internet. Business transaction can happen electronically and products can be manufactured and sent anywhere and everywhere. Today, no country can globalize without having information system and that is why information technology (IT) is the most needed skills in the world.\u00a0The future of IT is very bright as more jobs are created in this area, more than the number of jobs in manufacturing and agriculture combine. That is why we have shortage of IT people today and this shortage will continue for many more years because to survive and prosper, every country will need information technology. As globalization happens, country that has better information technologies, better skills, and more educated people will dominate. With globalization, societies will be built more on knowledge as it is the asset of the new economy. Today people know about investing in finance and natural resources as they are the basis of the industrial society but in a very near future, the key investment will be on education because it is the basis of the knowledge society.\u201d<\/p>\n

He disagreed: \u201cBut people still need foods, oil, gas and business still need finance. How can knowledge change these assets?\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cToday, natural resources such as oil, gas and minerals are key assets of the industrial society, just like food crops are assets of the agriculture society few centuries ago. However knowledge will change these assets as we are moving into a new era. Let\u2019s imagine a company invents a \u201csynthetic fuel\u201d that can replace oil and gas than what do you think will happen? Imagine everything that use oil will be replaced by this \u201csynthetic fuel\u201d for much less. What will happen to oil company? What will happen to countries that produce oil? What will happen to companies that sell oil and natural resources? If that company is located in a country than what will happen to that country? Imagine how much that country can make on export \u201csynthetic fuel\u201d to the rest of the world? How many jobs it can create for its people? How much prosperity an invention like that can make? The same thing can happen to foods too. Imagine with biogenetics, a company can create any kind of food crops that can grow anywhere and for much less than natural crops than what will happen to the agriculture market? If you are farmers, would you grow these \u201cspecial crops\u201d that can give you ten times yields but cost you ten time less? Imagine only one country has that kind of knowledge than what will happen to that country? The possibilities are endless, the opportunities are endless and that is what I meant by knowledge as the key asset of the new economy. That is why I believe having a good education system is the most important thing that a country can invest today to prepare for tomorrow\u201d.<\/p>\n

My friend was not convinced: \u201cThat is the future, it may or may not happen. We need to look at what happen today.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cDo you think my examples are just an imagination? They are real and they are here. This \u201cSynthetic oil\u201d is already exist but the production is not perfect yet. Today only two countries have the knowledge about it and many are conducting research on something similar. I think in few more years, it will change many things. Regarding food crops, they also are here too. With biogenetic technology, companies already created many food crops that have very high yields, resist diseases, and can grow almost anywhere, in cold weather as well as in the desert with minimum water. The issue is on the cost of producing them as they are more expensive than natural crops. If the cost can be reduced to the same level of natural crops, it will change the entire agriculture area. Imagine how much benefits these inventions can bring to the people who invented them? How much advantage to the country that have them? How much our society can benefit from them? The knowledge of these inventions are so precious as it can balance the economic power or it may change the economic power to the better or to the worst. It all depend on which country possess the technology and what are they going to do with them.<\/p>\n

My friend argued: \u201cBut it has not happened yet. I believe it when I see it.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: OK, Let\u2019s look at how knowledge benefits country like India. Twenty years ago, India is a developing country relied mostly on agriculture. Now it is one of the advanced country in information technology (IT) with millions of skilled workers providing IT services to the world. The lives of million people in India are transformed to the better in less than 20 years. Everyone know that it is the IT industry that helps drive the India\u2019s \u201ceconomic miracle\u201d. In 2000, IT contributed about 2.5% to the country\u2018s GDP but today it is 11.5% of GDP. From an economic view, this is the fastest growth that never happened in history before. IT industry also improves software export from $28 billion USD to $86 billion USD in less than ten years. It provides 2.5 million direct jobs and every direct job creates 7 additional jobs for the economy. Most of the additional jobs are for the less educated people. Overall, Indian society benefits greatly from IT industry as it drives unemployment down and helps improve the lives of many Indian.\u201d<\/p>\n

He disagreed: \u201cBut India is still a developing country and there is still a lot of poverty there.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cFor an agricultural country with over a billion people, it is not easy to change quickly. However, something actually did happen very fast. When I first went to India in 1980, Bangalore was a small village of few thousand people. Today it is a large modern city, more modern than many cities in the U.S with millions of people. It is hard to imagine a city can change that fast. Not long ago, having a motorcycle was a dream of most Indian software developers but today it is a car, not just any car, but a BMW or Lexus. Today Indian has more millionaires than any country in Asia, most of them come from the IT industry. On the list of 20 richest people on earth, India has three and two of them are software engineers. That is why IT knowledge is the asset, the key driver for economic prosperity in India and it could be the key asset for other countries too. IT is a new field with a very short history but it already changes so many thing. Imagine fifty years ago, who would believe that most richest people on earth are college students. Today, nobody doubt that with the right knowledge, anything can happen. Bill Gates, Sergey Brin, Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg are the real examples. Not long ago, a poor software engineer named Narayan Murthy started a company called Infosys in India. Many people told him that he was a fool to dare challenge big company like IBM. How many people would call him a fool today when he became one of the richest people on earth and most successful people in India. What do these people have that make them so special today? None of them come from rich family, none of them inherit any money. The only thing they have are knowledge and their passion for technology. That is why I believe knowledge is the key asset of this global economy and education is where you develop the knowledge. With globalization the competition will be tough and the advantages will be with countries that have strong education, especially in IT, as everything will be driven by technology.<\/p>\n

He seemed convinced: \u201cSo it is technology will make everything better\u201d<\/p>\n

I cautioned: \u201cNot necessary. With globalization, many thing can happen but NOT everything will be good. Not long ago, having a telephone was a convenience but today it has to be smart phone, an iPhone or Android phone. Not long ago color TV was an luxury for family but today it has to be a 3 D flat-screen color TV. Basically, these technologies move everyone into the same global perspectives. People begin to see the same movies, they watch the same sport events, listening to the same music events. I think technology helps globalization happens faster but it is also a double edge knife. With the arrival of TV, parents begin to lose control of their children as they are influenced by what they watch on TV.\u00a0Under the influence of TV and radio, many children grew up and behave differently. They want to dress like movies stars, they want to have special clothes, special fashion, special hair style etc. Many children adopt bad attitudes and use bad languages as TV advertising promotes a global consuming trend. If you look careful at globalization. It is not just economic, business, financial or technology but also human behavior and culture where it changes many things. With the proliferation of technology, many cultures will change, some for the better, some for the worst\u201d.<\/p>\n

He seemed surprised:\u201dBut you are a computer professor, I thought you like technology\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cEverything has its advantage and disadvantage. You cannot draw conclusion quickly. If you look at the brighter side, technology broadens the understanding of other cultures, provides greater sensitivity to other society, and deepening our sense of wholeness.\u00a0It suggests that the next stage of human history maybe an unified world rather than a divided world like today. Globalization is a challenge to every one of us to move past the limiting categories of isolation and assume a worldwide perspective.\u00a0I think we are at a point in worldwide development where our sense of identity is being forced to widen and include all aspects that are unfamiliar to us.\u00a0It is not easy for parents to see that their children grow up with different ideas, different values, different attitudes but it is something that we all have to accept. The best we can make out of it is having BETTER education, an education NOT only focus on technology, NOT only focus on business, NOT only focus on skills, BUT ALSO focus on all aspect of humanity too. There are certain values that we must keep, for example family relationship, individual responsibility, honesty, integrity and ethic. I believe to have a new education system that have all these things is a challenge that every country must face because it will determine whether we are moving forward to the better or to worst.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cTo\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2430"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2431,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2430\/revisions\/2431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}