{"id":2419,"date":"2013-07-06T11:40:22","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:40:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2419"},"modified":"2013-07-06T11:40:22","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:40:22","slug":"bo-me-va-con-cai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2419","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trong sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi khi con h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1edfi v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0o, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho ch\u00fang cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 y t\u1ebf, d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 hay k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Tr\u1ebb con l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang th\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n “l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1ed1t” t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eafng nghe \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a con h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa “b\u1ea3o” v\u00e0 “khuy\u00ean” v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa “vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n” v\u00e0 “vai tr\u00f2 khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o”. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng “b\u1ea3o” con h\u1ecd c\u00e1i g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tr\u1ebb”. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tr\u1ebb, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00ec “truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng” b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 “quy\u1ec1n” v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i “v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi” b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb “th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n” sang “khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 “xung \u0111\u1ed9t b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 con c\u00e1i” x\u1ea3y ra, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi h\u1ecd bu\u1ed9c con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng “\u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh” \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ph\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m t\u1ef1 ti” v\u00e0 “t\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn m\u00ecnh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c” \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u1eed khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc hay qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian c\u00f9ng nhau h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u. Trong th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i c\u1ea7n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 “hi\u1ec3u” l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u00ednh cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1eeaNG \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi khi con b\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u1ede M\u0129, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc khi con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ba hay b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean con h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, t\u00ecm ra khu v\u1ef1c quan t\u00e2m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p “ch\u00fat \u00edt l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean” \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u ngang nhau, KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t, KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang, gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd. \u1ede M\u0129, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c “\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u” \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eadc b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 M\u0129 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi g\u1eafm con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, tu\u1ef3 theo ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c “\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u” nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n cho con b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a t\u1ed1t. \u1ede M\u0129, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ed. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Stanford v\u00e0 Carnegie Mellon n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd v\u00e0o h\u01a1n l\u00e0 danh ti\u1ebfng hay gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian nhi\u1ec1u “ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tr\u1ebb” \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a “tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh” h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh dung ra c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n trai hay b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 “ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p” v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ef1c k\u00ec l\u1edbn v\u1edbi thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn “c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt” gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 n\u00ean l\u1eafng nghe nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 “hi\u1ec3u” con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. \u201cL\u1eafng nghe\u201d l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng l\u1eafng nghe nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho con b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 l\u1eafng nghe, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 “c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n” h\u01a1n l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o”. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng “chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft” gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7m, hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 sau, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u “l\u1eafng nghe” l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 cho con c\u00e1i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u con h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed7 hay tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 QU\u00c1 TR\u1ec4. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ec (h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng hay hai th\u00e1ng). Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 “sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc” v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u00f4i v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd \u201cEm c\u00f3 vui m\u1eebng r\u1eb1ng em v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 y\u00eau em v\u00e0 ch\u0103m nom t\u1edbi em kh\u00f4ng? Em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau sinh vi\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng? Em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1 hay m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng? Em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng?\u201d V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i tin n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u00f3, khi n\u00f3 \u0111i kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng th\u00eam l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u00e0o b\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0i c\u00e2u n\u00f3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o hay b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean con h\u1ecd “t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n”\u00a0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng hay v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t l\u00ean, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u1edf nh\u00e0, n\u1ea5u \u0103n cho h\u1ecd, cho h\u1ecd ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua iPhone, iPad x\u1ecbn nh\u1ea5t, hay ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc th\u00f3i quen x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ngo\u1eb7t cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi. Sau cu\u1ed9c suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1978, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u1ea3 Apple v\u00e0 Microsoft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3. Sau v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ec3 “Dot-com” n\u0103m 2001, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb xo\u00e1 s\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u01b0 Amazon, eBay v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Google. Cho n\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1c quan r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng canh t\u00e2n m\u1edbi, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf x\u1ea5u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec3m ngo\u1eb7t l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf ch\u1ed7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c cung th\u1eeba \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c cung thi\u1ebfu \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u00ecnh dung ra ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1ebf l\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u1ebd chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho con c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay. H\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y nay. H\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Parents and Children
\nSeveral parents told me that they are worrying about the current unemployment situation among college graduates and asked me what will happen in the next few years when their children graduate from college. Of course, no one can predict the future job market because many things can change quickly. The only thing I can advise them is they must look beyond the current situation toward the better future because having a good education is still the best investment that they can make today. However, like any investment, they must plan, review, and monitor their children progress to make sure that it is moving toward the expected results.<\/p>\n

Parents invest in children\u2019s education with an expectation that they will get educated and be able to build careers that give them comfortable living. That is why some parents do have a lot of influence over the career choices of their children but they must be realistic too. Not every child can be a Medical doctor, a Pharmacist, or a Software engineer. Children do best when they study something that they like and fit their abilities. Of course, they need \u201cgood advices\u201d from parents but parents also need to listen to their children\u2019s opinions to understand them. Together, they could come up with a reasonable career choices that satisfy both.<\/p>\n

It is important to\u00a0distinguish the difference between \u201cTelling\u201d and \u201cAdvising\u201d and the difference between an \u201cAuthority role\u201d and an \u201cAdvisor role\u201d. Because parents have spent many years nurturing, caring, teaching, and also \u201cTelling\u201d their children what to do, somehow they do not realize that their children are now \u201cYoung adults\u201d. As young adults, they do need support from parents but they also want to have some independences that allow them to make their own decisions. This is NOT easy, especially for Asian parents because the \u201cTradition\u201d that parents are the \u201cAuthority\u201d and children must \u201cObey\u201d parents is still strong. To switch from being the \u201cAuthority\u201d to an \u201cAdvisor\u201d is a new concept that many may NOT accept. This is where \u201cparent-children conflict\u201d happens, especially when they force their children to study something that they do not want or may not have the ability.<\/p>\n

As a Professor, I have seen many students struggled with subjects that they did not like and could not pass the course. I have seen many student failed and quit school because they did not have the ability to complete what their parents wanted them to study. Many of them believed that they are not \u201csmart enough\u201d to do anything. Many also develop \u201cinferior complex\u201d and \u201cnegative self images\u201d that will hurt them for the rest of their lives. This tragedy happens often in Asia, when I taught in China and Japan, I noticed that every year there are students who committed suicides when they failed a course or an exam as they did not meet their parents\u2019 expectations. To avoid this, it is important for both parents and children to have more time with each others to discuss, to listen and to understand. In this very busy time, both parents and children need to spend more time than ever to really \u201cunderstand\u201d each others.<\/p>\n

For most parents, go to college is a major investment for their children\u2019s future so it is important to prepare as early as possible. Do NOT wait until your children almost complete high-school then talk to them about college. In the U.S. most parents discuss college education when their children begin high-school or at least three or four years before college so their children can prepare and be ready. If parents have been preparing their children for being responsible for their own actions and focus on certain area then it will be much easier. A responsible children can make their own decisions, finding their own interested area and building their own careers. In that case, parents only need to offer \u201clittle advices\u2019 to help their children make \u00a0decision on selecting their field of study based on their abilities and interests.<\/p>\n

The next step is selecting schools. Parents need to know that NOT all colleges are equal, NOT all curricula are most updated, NOT all professors are well-trained, and the reputation of the school could be a major determination of the students\u2019 future. Parents must carefully select the right schools, the right curricula, and the right place to invest in their children\u2019s education. In the U.S., most of the \u201cTop universities\u201d are privates and each has their own specialty so American parents do know where to send their children, depend on their career choices. In other countries, there are also \u201cTop universities\u201d but it is difficult to distinguish their specialties. This is where parents must investigate. For example, if the school is famous in science and technology but you enroll your children to study art and literature then maybe it is not a good choice. In the U.S. you can assume that students to go to HarvardUniversity because they want to be in position of leadership in government, politics, or manage large companies. If \u00a0students go to Yale then maybe they are interested more in laws, policies, and legal systems. Of course, Stanford and Carnegie Mellon are well known for Information technology and computer science. Selecting the right schools is probably the most important choice that parents can make for their children. Many students often select schools based on where their friends go to rather than the reputation or the curriculum.<\/p>\n

Parents need to understand that college is also the time many \u201cyoung adults\u201d are facing challenges that they never encountered before. As part of \u201cgrowing up\u201d they must solve some challenges by themselves. They must figure out how to overcome the loneliness issue, especially when some of their friends are having boyfriends or girlfriends. They must learn how to balance priorities in school and at the same time dealing with the pressure to \u201cFit in\u201d with schoolmates. They have to develop good study habit at the same time building relationship with college friends. These are tremendous pressure for a young person and many could not handle it well. That is why the best way is to have an \u201copen and honest\u201d discussion between parents and children. Parents need to listen more to \u201cunderstand\u201d their children rather than tell them what to do. \u201cListening\u201d is a key aspect to move toward better relationship because the more you listen, the better you understand. The better you understand, the more you can give better advise. The best advice is to understand and support your children to make their own decision after they have taken into consideration all the facts regarding their choices. It is not easy as parents to listen, as many still are considering them as \u201cthe authority\u201d rather than \u201cthe advisor\u201d. To build the \u201cunderstanding bridge\u201d between parents and children and to avoid miscommunication, misunderstanding and any missteps later, it is essential that both sides \u201clisten\u201d to each others.<\/p>\n

Because education is the most important investment parents can make, they need to constantly monitor their children progress to make sure that it is moving toward the expected results. Many parents send children to school, pay for their tuitions but do not monitor the progress. Either they are too busy or do not know how. Many only check the examination result at the end of the year to see if the children pass or fail, but usually it is TOO LATE. Monitoring involves regularly discussions with their children and with the school on a periodic basis (monthly or bi-monthly). Many students told me that they are \u201cCollege students\u201d and they felt embarrassing when their parents called me and asked about their progresses. I told them \u201cAren\u2019t you glad that you still have parents that love you and care for you? Do you know how many students in school that do not have parents? Do you know how many students only have a single parent? Do you know how many of them do not have anyone that concern about their progress?\u201d With information technology, everything can be on-line where parents can easily check progress, check quizzes and test scores easily. I know some students do not like it and feel uncomfortable about their parents looking into their records. However, I believe if parents invest in the education of their children, they should have the right to monitor it so they can correct it, when it does not move toward the expected results. As a professor, I always add comments into the on-line grade report to provide additional information about students\u2019 progress. Instead of just the grade or score, a few sentences would make a parents feel very proud or alert them on something that they need to know.<\/p>\n

With many countries are still recovered from the economic crisis. The job market may be weak and companies are still reluctant to hire. If students graduated but could not find jobs, my recommendation to parents is they should encourage their children to \u201cvolunteer\u201d working for companies with no pay or minimum salary, or working for some charity organizations so that some day when the job market is getting better, at least these graduates have worked and have experiences. That would be much better than allow them to stay home, cook for them, give them money to buy the latest iPhones, iPads, or play computer games all days and learn bad habits.<\/p>\n

If we look back in history, every crisis is a turning point for something better because it forces people to create new ideas, new things and new industries. After the U.S recession of 1978, there was the emerging of the electronic and personal computer industry. Both Apple and Microsoft were found during that time. After the “Dot-com” bust of 2001, many companies were eliminated but it strengthened companies such as Amazon, eBay and created Google. So as a software professional, I am optimistic that there will be new innovations, new ideas, new companies and new industries emerge from this economic bad time.<\/p>\n

Because this crisis is global, I think we will see a turning point that changes many things. Some countries will NOT recover and some countries will emerge as the new powers. We are at the beginning of the new era, where everything is connected. This will create a balancing effect as the over-supply in one place will help the under-supply of another. At this time, many countries are trying to figure out on what to do. Some may not want to do anything but wait. What happens next will determine which country will move forward and which will be pushed back and it all depending on the knowledge and skills of their citizens. A country with highly educated citizens, with highly skilled workers and strong education systems will be in much better chance to gain significant advantages and will dominate over others.<\/p>\n

More than anything else, an investment in education of your children is the best thing that any parents can do today. More than anything else, an investment in education is the best thing a government can do to its citizens today. More than anything else, having a good, up-to-date education training programs, having a well-trained group of professors, and a well-selected college students who are motivated to study are the best things that can happen to any country.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trong sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2419"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2421,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2419\/revisions\/2421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}