{"id":2399,"date":"2013-07-06T11:28:42","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2399"},"modified":"2013-07-06T11:28:42","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:28:42","slug":"co-hoi-moi-trong-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2399","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb 2009, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Khu v\u1ef1c nhu c\u1ea7u cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT). Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e2y t\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong \u0111a d\u1ea1ng r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ee9c k\u0129 n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea1i sao k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao th\u1ebf? Sau cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2007, c\u00f3 hai khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9ng im trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, do kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y. Khi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o hai khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nhu c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y\u201d hay \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u k\u00ed to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t “N\u00d3NG”.<\/p>\n

Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf M\u0129 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u cao n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Cho n\u00ean v\u1edbi\u00a0s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhanh c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec, v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 n\u0103m khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh song h\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT, v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (Java, C++, C#, v\u00e0 Object C), hi\u1ec3u v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec3u nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y”, k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. D\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng chung ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh song h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft cho c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf song song v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. V\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 an ninh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c then ch\u1ed1t trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. V\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 “m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ph\u00ed” m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sinh thu nh\u1eadp”. K\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng cho h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu qui m\u00f4, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e2y n\u1eefa. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf an ninh \u0111\u1ec3 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea5u x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m KH\u00d4NG hi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong m\u00e2y. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u r\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a qui m\u00f4 ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 “N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd s\u1eeda ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 sau” v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean URLs. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c hu\u1ef7 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ed5i l\u00ean n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi, t\u01b0 duy m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i KH\u00d4NG n\u00ean k\u00ed h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y n\u00e0o, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: “C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5.”<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng may, ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch doanh nghi\u1ec7p; gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p; \u0111o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi thu h\u1ed3i theo \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (ROI).<\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hay cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

New opportunity in the industry<\/p>\n

Since 2009, the global job market has increasingly focus more on the technical areas and much less on the business. The highest demand area listed in every country\u2019s job market is Information Technology area (IT). The top job is Software Engineering, a job that involves the managing, design and creation of software for everything, from large cloud computer system to mobile phone applications and computer games. This category includes: Project manager, IT service manager, Software architect, Security specialist, and Software developer.<\/p>\n

According to this year’s market report worldwide, there is a shortage of Software Engineer across a wide variety of industries, skill levels, and salary ranges. Why Software Engineer is in such high demand? After the financial crisis in 2007, there are two emerging areas, Mobile applications and Cloud computing, that are growing strong. Many investments firms that have been standing still for years, due to the financial crisis, suddenly see an opportunity that they should seize. As more investments are pouring in these two areas, companies begin to hire people with the expectation of high growth and high profits. Many electronic companies are switching to smart-phones, tablets which in turn create more demands for software engineer who can write mobile applications. Many software companies are switching to develop “Cloud Computing\u201d or applications hosted entirely online. The results are the job market for Software Engineering become very \u201cHOT\u201d.<\/p>\n

The trend is not just happened in the U.S. but also Europe and Asia. Even countries like India and China that did well with software outsourcing also jump into Mobile applications and Cloud Computing. Because of this surge in high demand, Software Engineer jobs become the hottest career globally. So with the\u00a0proliferation of mobile applications and cloud computing, students need to know what to study, and where to focus their learning to catch this opportunity.<\/p>\n

Basically there are five important areas that students need to know: Software architecture, Concurrent programming, Web-based development, IT service management, and Requirements engineering. Of course, students must have the basic skills such as programming language (Java, C++, C#, and Object C), understand software development life-cycle, and debugging skills.<\/p>\n

Among the skills, software architect is obviously very important. To design a \u201cCloud computing\u201d system, engineers must learn how to switch their thinking from product development to a service provider mindset. This is a major shift as most software developers always think about building software product and ignore users\u2019 views. That shift requires them to understand multi-tenancy and efficient distribution at the data level so they can design systems that balance performance with cost and how to optimize for speed and service-level requirements.<\/p>\n

Concurrent programming is the ability to write for parallelism and handle the millions of instances of the software accessing the service at the same time. With Cloud Computing, the system must respond to demands from many users, all of them need the system fast. It is critical to build large and complex applications that can handle these demands. That require software engineers to understand the basic concept of software as a service such as: System availability, continuity, capacity, and security.<\/p>\n

A key challenge in cloud computing is the software must also be closely tied to the revenue model to create profits. With software as a service, information system is no longer a \u201ccost model\u201d but \u201crevenue generating model\u201d. Software engineer must understand that their service offerings have to be validated by the customer all the time, Customers will decide if the services work or does not work for them. If the scale, architecture, and performance are not optimized, the system will affect the business outcomes of customers. It also means if not satisfy, the customers may NOT do business with the cloud company. Another key aspect is designing in security mechanisms so customers cannot see other customers’ data and having recovery plans in case some bad things happen.<\/p>\n

According to a preliminary survey about cloud computing, many software engineers do NOT understand the risk of their software in the cloud. Most do not comprehend the risks in magnitude of scale at all. The attitude of \u201cIf there are defects we will fix them later\u201d that exist in software development will NOT be accepted in the business industry. For example, last year a large financial bank had to shut down its cloud system when customers’ passwords were showing up on URLs. The Bank immediately canceled contract with the software firm.<\/p>\n

With these emerging industries, there are many issues that requires new training, new thinking, and better trainings because failures will NOT be tolerated. That lead to the high demand of IT service management skills. The survey recommend that business industry should NOT sign contract with any cloud computing software, if they do not have exclusively large group of IT service manager. A business industry representative said: “Our industry need strong IT service management group to oversee our business, to improve our business, and make it more efficient and effective, These IT managers must be highly skilled with rigorous trainings to a well-defined competency levels.”<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, even today there are few schools that teach Information System Management (ISM) skill focusing on IT service. The main job of an IT service manager is to design the services, provide the services, manage the operation of the services, and continual improve the services. This skill area is the combination of software and business knowledge to support business planning; aligning and integrating IT strategy with business goals; measure IT service effectiveness and efficiency, optimize costs and achieve return on investment (ROI).<\/p>\n

According to the industry report, these high demand software engineering jobs require knowledge and skills in business, science and technology, and ALL of them require at least a bachelor degree or higher.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb 2009, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2399"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2400,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399\/revisions\/2400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}