{"id":2396,"date":"2013-07-06T11:26:13","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:26:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2396"},"modified":"2013-07-06T11:26:13","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T04:26:13","slug":"the-gioi-canh-tranh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2396","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 “k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 xu\u00e2n” l\u00fac c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00eau ra b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1eb1ng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i cho ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a M\u0129. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ra h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao, v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t cao.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 \u0111ang thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi NH\u01afNG KH\u00d4NG \u1edf M\u0129. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng qua, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 2 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean,\u00a0vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ra h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao trong b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, gi\u1ea7y d\u00e9p hay qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u00fang ta KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m qua, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 “l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u nhanh ch\u00f3ng” \u1edf ph\u1ed1 Wall v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00f4m qua, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean ti vi. Ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe taxi \u1edf <\/em>New York<\/em>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh (MBA) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Anh ta b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y do cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Anh ta c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh cho n\u00ean ban \u0111\u00eam anh ta l\u00e1i xe taxi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u00eam. Anh ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu anh ta bi\u1ebft, anh ta s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc MBA v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn hay \u0111i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c blog tr\u00ean internet. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 chat tr\u00ean internet ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc tin t\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00eam h\u00f4m qua, Chandra, b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y c\u00f3 chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eebng t\u1ea1i Carnegie Mellon \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i. V\u00ec anh ta l\u00e0 ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh ta v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a anh ta. Chandra n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a anh ta l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Malaysia v\u00e0 Philippines. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e3ng 25% l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. C\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a anh ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u cao nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v.v. Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cTo\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. L\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian” l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u00edt sinh l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c. Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c? T\u1ea1i sao Bangladesh v\u1eabn l\u00e0m gi\u1ea7y d\u00e9p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o khi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin? T\u1ea1i sao Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang l\u00e0m xe h\u01a1i khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u v\u1eabn l\u00e0m xe m\u00e1y? Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00ec s\u1ebd \u00edt chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf Bangladesh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u00edt chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf Belarus hay Moldova h\u01a1n \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i hay B\u1eafc Kinh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 do t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u00edt ti\u1ec1n. Khi t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc “ch\u1eadm thay \u0111\u1ed5i” n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u1ec1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0o c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf Bangladesh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a India. T\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u (Ba Lan, Hungary, Belarus, Bulgaria, C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Czech, Moldova, Romania, v\u00e0 Ukraine) l\u1edbn h\u01a1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec1u. V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u01a1i n\u00ean t\u00f2 m\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00ecn th\u00eam n\u1eefa v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau khi ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t cho th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20 ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG cho th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21. Ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi hay b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p m\u1edbi cung c\u1ea5p cho sinh vi\u00ean. Cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111ang gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta KH\u00d4NG c\u00f2n \u1edf trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20 n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y KH\u00d4NG chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y KH\u00d4NG chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20 n\u01a1i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u1edbi h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi, x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi, x\u00e2y th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi, mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi, mua s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t NH\u01afNG s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1nh tranh, KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd v\u00e0 v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m KH\u00d4Ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 hay m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “an ninh” b\u1edfi v\u00ec KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o an ninh c\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01b0 duy m\u1edbi, c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi, c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y m\u1edbi, c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The competitive world<\/p>\n

Last week was \u201cSpring Break\u201d where school closed for a week so I had time to do more readings. Beside the Tsunami tragedy in Japan, I found an article in newspaper raising alert that outsourcing is hurting U.S job recovery. The author wrote: \u201cSoftware industry is being set back as foreign companies are luring away software development works with tax incentives and cheaper labor, causing many software companies to move works oversea. The jobs being lost are all high paying, and involve very high skills.\u201d<\/p>\n

Few days ago, another newspaper article raised issue that most U.S. companies are hiring BUT NOT in the U.S. The author wrote: \u201cIn the past six months, U.S. companies have created approximately 2 million jobs overseas, mostly in China and India. Of course,\u00a0jobs have been outsourced overseas before but since last year, those are all high skills jobs\u00a0 in semiconductors and software, NOT toys, shoes or clothes. The author concluded: We do NOT have enough talents to do these works because for the past ten years, our education system have been focusing on training financiers, bankers, investors, business people to \u201cget rich quick\u201d in Wall Street and created the largest financial crisis in our history.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Yesterday, there was another story on TV. The TV reporter interviewed a Taxi driver in <\/em>New York<\/em>. The driver said that he had an Master of Business Administration (MBA) and worked for a financial company. He got laid off few years ago due the financial crisis. He has a temporary job but could not support his family so at night he drove Taxi for additional income. He said that if he knew, he would study something else. The reporter went to nearby university and interviewed a numbers of student who study the MBA about the prospect of jobs. Many were very worry. Several of them said that when selecting the field to study, they did not investigate it carefully or follows job trends in newspapers, magazine or even blogs on the internet. Some admitted that they only chatting on the internet rather than read news related to their field of study.<\/em><\/p>\n

Last night, Chandra, my friend from India called to let me know that he has a business trip in the U.S and will stop by Carnegie Mellon to see me. Since he is the vice president of a large software company, I asked him about his business. Chandra said that his company is doing very well. They outsourced most programming and testing works to China, Malaysia and the Philippines. By doing that, his company can keep about 25% profit. His company is now focusing on the high end works such as architecture, design, and system integration etc. He says: \u201cThe whole world come to us for software, we take the money and outsource to other countries. Being \u201cMiddleman\u201d is highly profitable. Today we focus on advanced services that bring in more money but outsource less profitable works to lower costs countries.<\/p>\n

These facts tell me that global competition is rapidly increasing in many areas. The list of jobs that can be outsourced are growing with increasing skill levels of other countries. With faster and better communication technologies, many jobs can be done anywhere and everywhere as long as that place has a good education system and good skilled workers.<\/p>\n

Few years ago I wondered why most of the works would go to India and China but NOT others? Why Bangladesh is still making shoes and clothes when India is thriving in information technology? Why China is building cars when countries in Eastern Europe are still making motorcycles? Obviously lower cost is NOT an issue as it would be less cost to do business in Bangladesh than India and much less cost to do business in Belarus or Moldova than Shanghai or Beijing.<\/p>\n

The correct answer probably is about knowledge and skills. It is also about the education system and how fast it can change to meet market demands. Some people said that the issue is finance as no country can improve with little money. As I look deeper into this issue, I am surprised that most of these \u201cslow to change\u201d countries had spent huge amounts of budget on education improvement. The budget for education in Bangladesh was not much different from the education budget of India. The combine education budget of the Eastern European countries (Poland, Hungary, Belarus, Bulgaria, CzechRepublic, Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine) was much larger than China. So what is happening here?<\/p>\n

That raise my curiosity, so I begin to look further into how they improve their education systems. After reviewing a number of improvement plans from these countries, suddenly it is clear to me that their plans are only good for the 20th century but NOT the 21st<\/sup>\u00a0century. Much of their plans have assumed that college graduates would get a job and work in that profession for their lifetime. That is why there is no update in training programs, there is no re-training of professors, there are no new curricula, no new fields or new degrees offer to students. So they are educating their students for the past NOT future. We are NOT in the 20th<\/sup>\u00a0century anymore. These plans are NOT preparing their students for globalization. These plans are NOT preparing their students for competition. Their students do NOT know what they need to survive in this competitive world. Obviously these plans were created by people who are still living in the 20th<\/sup>\u00a0century where their thinking have not change. To them education improvement is about building new classrooms, building new universities, building new libraries, buying new equipments, buying more books, and adding more computers to schools. All of these things are good BUT it will not help their students compete in a globalized world.<\/p>\n

Today graduated students will have to compete, NOT within their country but with graduated students from other countries for jobs. Today jobs do NOT stay in one place but move to where skilled workers are. Without skilled workers, there will be NO jobs. Today graduates will not work one job for the rest of their lives but have to change jobs several times when market changes. They are required to continue to learn, to update their knowledge and skills in order to survive. No one can stay \u201csecured\u201d in one place or one company because there is NO secured jobs. However, skilled workers will move up for better opportunities and higher paid. Therefore, education system must constantly be improved and adjusted to meet the global market needs. That means university curriculum must be updated frequently and college professors must receive additional trainings to keep up with changes. Improving education system requires a new thinking, a new way of planning, a new way of teaching, and a new way of managing.<\/p>\n

Having good training programs, having well-trained professors, and having knowledgeable students are the fundamental steps to develop a highly skilled workforce. The skilled workforce that someday will build a strong economy that will thrive in this globalized world.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 “k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 xu\u00e2n” l\u00fac c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. B\u00ean … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2396","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2396"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2396\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2398,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2396\/revisions\/2398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2396"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2396"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2396"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}