{"id":2338,"date":"2013-07-06T10:12:27","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T03:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2338"},"modified":"2013-07-06T10:12:27","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T03:12:27","slug":"an-do-va-thay-doi-cong-nghiep-cntt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2338","title":{"rendered":"\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang “n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n” bao gi\u1edd. TCS kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 190,000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam 40,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa. Infosys c\u00f3 160,000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd thu\u00ea 30,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m nay. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT h\u01a1n n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i. V\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean 2.54 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00eam 250,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m nay v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 400,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a CNTT \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd. Theo ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9: \u201cV\u1edbi h\u01a1n n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT thu\u00ea trong n\u0103m nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00eam h\u01a1n 6 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. CNTT th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i sang s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u0103m nay \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “ph\u1ea3n kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i” do v\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi. C\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u00f4 t\u00f4 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n khi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u00f4 t\u00f4 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ti\u1ec7n nghi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd “kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i” c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Malaysia, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u Phi v.v.<\/p>\n

Khi nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111ang c\u1ea5t l\u00ean v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean h\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau hao nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 quay v\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ba n\u0103m qua l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa 13% v\u00e0 22% nh\u01b0ng m\u1edbi ba th\u00e1ng qua c\u1ee7a n\u0103m nay, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa 20% t\u1edbi 35%. Khi c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c quay v\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean cao t\u1edbi 45%. L\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u0103ng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng con s\u00f3ng “chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p” c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 qua r\u1ed3i. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang \u0111i v\u00e0o trong con s\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp hay “ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng-gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb” n\u01a1i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p n\u1eefa. Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m hoang mang v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ea1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed. V\u00ec CNTT \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (nhi\u1ec1u thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn h\u01a1n).<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng CNTT c\u1ea1nh tranh cao \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng chi\u1ebfm t\u1ea5t. Trong hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 2011, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 20 cu\u1ed9c thu nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn mua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 120 v\u1ee5 thu nh\u1eadn. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, iGate mua Patni v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $1.2 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129. Pearson mua Tutor Vista v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $127 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 v\u00e0 Tata mua Bit-Gravity v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, k\u00edch c\u1ee1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Trong kinh doanh CNTT to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u cho t\u1edbi t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 100,000 hay 200,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u00e2u ra s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT trong l\u00fac thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT n\u00e0y? Theo Phaneesh Murthy, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng ti iGate: “V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111i t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT. V\u1edbi b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3o \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01a1i n\u00e0o. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u00eau hao sinh l\u1ef1c cao \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u0103ng t\u00edt \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 $5 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tin r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng mong \u0111\u1ee3i lo\u1ea1i kinh doanh \u0111\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng v\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang trong l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 gi\u1eefa $1 t\u1ec9 t\u1edbi $3 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y khi nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chuy\u1ec3n sang “m\u00e2y”.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh doanh m\u1edbi v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. V\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb Internet v\u00e0 c\u0169ng truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n CNTT, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng. Thay v\u00ec mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u1ecd thu\u00ea ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i b\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p cho t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ti\u00eau n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o trong m\u00e2y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e2y t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 kinh doanh sinh l\u1eddi n\u00e0y, TCS \u0111\u00e3 tung ra iON, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u00ea bao nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba. V\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, iOn kh\u1eed b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng trong nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i qui m\u00f4 theo nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn cho m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. Theo nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n tin, TCS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00ed v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 1,000 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u0103m nay v\u00e0 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ngu\u1ed3n tin n\u00e0y c\u0169ng tin kinh doanh m\u00e2y c\u1ee7a TCS s\u1ebd ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee1 $1 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u0129 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. Khi c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00f3ng l\u00ean gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 TCS, Infosys, Wipro, v\u00e0 Cognizant v\u00e0 IBM, Microsoft, Google, HP v\u00e0 Dell, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh “hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o” n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia an ninh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. K\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

India and the changing IT industry<\/p>\n

The India\u2019s Information Technology (IT) outsourcing is getting \u201cHotter\u201d than ever. The giant TCS who are already reaching over 190,000 employees is planning to add 40,000 more. Infosys who has 160,000 employees is also announcing that they will hire 30,000 people this year. Other Indian IT companies are also hiring more IT workers than previous year. With an industry already employs over 2.54 million software workers, the plan to add 250,000 this year and over 400,000 workers next year is an indication that the future of IT in India is brighter than ever. According to Indian government, this is the highest employee addition ever by the country’s IT industry. One government official told the India Times Newspaper: \u201cWith more than half million IT workers hire this year, we are expected to add over 6 million indirect jobs into the economy. IT really drives our economic prosperity into high gear.\u201d<\/p>\n

In addition to the hiring of workers in India, Many Indian companies are also actively hiring in the U.S. and Europe this year to counter the notion of \u201canti outsourcing\u201d addressed by several politicians. The same tactic was used twenty years ago by Japanese automakers when it seemed the U.S. was planning to restrict the number of cars imported from Japan. At that time, many Japanese automakers were opening manufacturing facilities in the U.S. and hire more U.S workers to counter the \u201cJobs loss to Japan\u201d notion. However, the hiring oversea is more a plan to mitigate the shortage of skilled workers in India and expand their capabilities into technical areas that India does not have. To keep their costs more stable, India companies are now \u201coutsourced\u201d low-end works such as coding, testing to other countries such as China, Malaysia, and African countries etc.<\/p>\n

As demand is soaring and hiring is in full speed, employee attrition is also increasing at an alarming rate. The turnover rate in the past three years was between 13% and 22% but just in the past three months of this year, it was between 20% to 35%. As competition for skilled workers is getting fierce, more workers will change jobs for better wages. If the market is not cool down, the turnover could go as high as 45%. The wage increases also creates a disadvantage for Indian companies. It is estimated that within the next 5 years, salaries of IT workers in India could get to the same level as in the U.S and Europe. However, industry research found that the \u201clow-cost\u201d wave of globalization has passed. Today the industry is moving into the next wave or the \u201cquality-value\u201d where customers are not looking for low cost anymore. The shortage of IT workers globally has pushed many companies into a panic point and they would do whatever they can just to get their IT systems running efficiently and effectively, regardless of costs. As IT is becoming a business strategy, the key factors are knowledge and skills that can create quality and values (more revenues and profits).<\/p>\n

In this highly competitive IT market, the winner takes all. In the first two months of 2011, there were 20 acquisitions by Indian IT outsourcing companies where large companies brought out smaller companies. Last year in India alone, there were 120 acquisitions. For example, iGate brought Patni for $1.2 billion USD. Pearson brought Tutor Vista for $127 million USD and Tata brought Bit-Gravity for $100 million USD. According to recent global business study, size is very important in the globalized world. No one does business with smaller companies anymore. In global IT business, contracts often value at hundred million to billion dollars. Smaller companies cannot compete with industry giants who have over 100,000 or 200,000 IT workers.<\/p>\n

The question is where do you find such large number of IT worker during this IT worker shortage? According to Phaneesh Murthy, the iGate’s company chairman: “With globalization, IT workers do not have to go to find jobs but the jobs will have to go to where skilled workers are. We have plans to actively go to many countries to hire IT workers. With high speed broadband, workers can work virtually anywhere. Having workers that scatter all over the world will also solve the high attrition problems in India\u201d.<\/p>\n

Last week, newspaper headlines in India announced a $5 billion USD worth of IT outsourcing orders from several large U.S. banks as the financial market were under significant pressure to cut costs. These were very good news to Indian IT industry. Of course, these companies have been expecting that kind of business for many months as the global economy began to recover. They were right in their optimism because beside that orders, there were several orders from European countries between $1 billion to $3 billion USD worth in cloud computing as several government offices were moving to \u201cThe Cloud\u201d.<\/p>\n

Cloud Computing is a new business with significant potential. Indian IT companies have been focusing on this new technologies and business model for years. With cloud services, users can download software from the Internet and also access IT infrastructure, such as servers and storage devices, by simply paying a fee each time they use. Instead of buying equipments, they just rent them. Software and hardware manufacturers benefit because the lower price for each use expands their market to many users who otherwise could not afford the expense. IT outsourcing companies benefit because they can offer software from multiple manufacturers in a cloud, and also offer businesses private cloud services with customized software.<\/p>\n

In anticipation of this lucrative business, TCS launched iON, a subscription-based cloud computing service targeted at small and medium businesses. With this model, iOn eliminates many upfront costs by users, allowing them to start small and increase hardware resources only when there is an increase in their needs. Therefore, companies can deploy a service and scale on demand without taking the risk to build a large data centre for an unknown future. According to several sources, TCS could sign up over 1,000 customers this year and expands this service to many countries, all over the world. The source also believe TCS cloud business will earn revenues of $1 billion USD annually.<\/p>\n

There are several studies indicated that almost half of all companies in the world is planning to move to cloud computing in the next five years. This new business model will completely change the entire IT industry. As the competition heats up between giants such as TCS, Infosys, Wipro, and Cognizant and IBM, Microsoft, Google, HP and Dell, the entire IT\u00a0 industry will going through a process of \u201ccreative destruction\u201d where thousands of smaller companies may not survive.<\/p>\n

The switch from software as a product to software as a services (Cloud Computing) will also change the way university offer training courses. Demand for Information System Management (ISM) programs will rise significantly. As more and more companies move to cloud computing, they will need more service managers than project managers. The roles of architects and network system analysts will become more important as well as System security specialists. Of course, Cloud computing services will not replace traditional software development. Technical skills in designing, programming, and testing are still needed regardless of what business models.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang “n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n” bao gi\u1edd. TCS kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 190,000 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2338"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2340,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2338\/revisions\/2340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}