{"id":2336,"date":"2013-07-06T10:11:41","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T03:11:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2336"},"modified":"2013-07-06T10:11:41","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T03:11:41","slug":"thach-thuc-cua-hoc-tich-cuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2336","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c” v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp v\u00e0 n\u00f3i m\u1ecdi l\u00fac. Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nghe trong c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u1edbp. C\u1ea3 hai h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00ednh l\u00edu t\u1edbi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau cho m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y cho l\u1edbp \u1edf \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft v\u00e0o trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cho sinh vi\u00ean. T\u00f4i b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u00f4i n\u00f3i cho h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y trong v\u00e0i tr\u0103m n\u0103m. Khi cho \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i hay l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean KH\u00d4NG h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nghe nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. \u201c\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng\u201d KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i tin “H\u1ecdc qua H\u00e0nh” l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, ch\u00ednh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 ra th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ph\u1ec5u m\u1edf ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t v\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00f3, m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb n\u00f3, h\u1ecfi n\u00f3 cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ngh\u0129a trong \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. H\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi v\u00ec trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, qua c\u00e1c k\u00ec ki\u1ec3m tra, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, th\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang cho nhi\u1ec1u tr\u0103m n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh cao v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean hay xu\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y. Khi sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd s\u1ee3 r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi ng\u1edd vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho sinh vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nhen nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa “tri th\u1ee9c” v\u00e0 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng”. Tri th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n “tri th\u1ee9c” v\u1edbi “k\u0129 n\u0103ng” v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi “tri th\u1ee9c” h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho sinh vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ed7i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecfng gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng” ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “tri th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ch v\u1edf”. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3i gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 “x\u00e2u”, “chu tr\u00ecnh”, hay “m\u1ea3ng”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong h\u1ecd c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Trong \u201cH\u1ecdc qua H\u00e0nh\u201d, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecdc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc: l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc “h\u1ee3p l\u00ed” cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. Th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. B\u1edfi v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho v\u00e0i b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc g\u00ec c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u00e0 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i b\u00e0i th\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc n\u1eeda gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u k\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng “h\u1ee3p l\u00ed” th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, mong \u0111\u1ee3i h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i cho ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a linh ho\u1ea1t (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn) \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u00edt nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi l\u1edbp c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u gh\u00e9t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed7 hay tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan trong c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u1ea3 sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho sinh vi\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec3m k\u00e9m l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. M\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m b\u00e0i k\u00e9m th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, bu\u1ed5i \u00f4n t\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea5y thi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an ninh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng th\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi; \u00f4n t\u1eadp v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1; v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, t\u1ed5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi vui \u0111\u00f9a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Khi sinh vi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. T\u1ed5 tranh c\u00e3i, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tin v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd tin v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc th\u00eam. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o \u0111ua tranh. Sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c \u0111ua tranh l\u1eabn nhau h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 gian l\u1eadn. Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ee3 c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 s\u1ee3 s\u1ec7t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb\u00a0 th\u00f4ng tin. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 anh h\u00f9ng trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “t\u00f4i th\u1eafng v\u00e0 anh thua” trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. \u00a0N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng may, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd tranh c\u00e3i, h\u1ecd che gi\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng tin, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i xa r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd “l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1” ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eadm \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi m\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00ec s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb sai. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sai. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch xem b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb1ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111i qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y trong l\u1edbp. L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p “H\u1ecdc qua H\u00e0nh”. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fang, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng sang h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c m\u1edbi. Trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u1eabm sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The challenge of active learning<\/p>\n

In college, professors must be \u201cpartners\u201d with student in the learning process. A professor should not stand in front of the class and talk all the time. Students should not sit quiet and just listen throughout the class. They both must be participants in the learning process by engaging in discussions, with questions and answers, and that is where active learning happens.<\/p>\n

College class is a combination of many individuals with different levels of maturity, different social backgrounds, and different levels of enthusiasm for the subject. That is why it is a challenge to professors to teach the class at the right level, to allow all students to learn because teaching is about the knowledge of the subject, the enthusiasm of the professor, and the method of teaching.<\/p>\n

Many years ago, when I began teaching, preparing lectures was easy. I simply put everything I knew into a lesson and then lectured to students. I was convinced that whatever I told them, they would learn. That was the tradition way of teaching for several hundred years. While grading students\u2019 tests, I found that many missed what I have mentioned several times in class. I began to ask myself whether it was my fault or students\u2019 fault for not understand it. What I have learned over the years is the realization that students do NOT learn from just listening but they need to engage with the materials in order to learn something. \u201cLecturing\u201d does NOT result in immediate learning. Students need to apply what they heard into something so they can learn. That is why I believe the \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d is a better teaching method.<\/p>\n

As professor, it is my responsibility to help students understand complex issues by breaking difficult concept down into smaller pieces of information for students to learn. However, students are not open funnels waiting for the information to be poured in, as in the traditional lecture method. They need to engage with the material being taught, analyzing it, dissecting it, questioning it until they really understand it fully. To do this, students must be motivated to learn and finding meaning in what they are learning.<\/p>\n

Many students do not know how to study this way. Active learning is still a new concept because for many years they are taught to be passive. The goal of the traditional system is the degree and the motivation is simple: By study hard, pass tests, and have degrees, then students can get jobs, make money, and their lives will be better. This concept may be correct for many hundred years but may not work anymore. Today we are living in the 21st<\/sup>\u00a0century and globalization is changing everything. The world is becoming a highly competitive market and country\u2019s economy could go up or down in a matter of days. When students see that several of their friends could not find jobs. When they read about the number of unemployed graduates, they are afraid then lose their motivations. Many began to doubt their learning and the value of a college education. As partner in the learning process, professor must understand this issue and be able to explain to students that there is a broader view of education rather than just get jobs and make money.<\/p>\n

To eliminate the fear of being unemployed and to rekindle student\u2019s motivation, it is important for professor to explain the difference between \u201cknowledge\u201d and \u201cskills\u201d. Knowledge is what students learn in school but skills are what they apply it into something to achieve an objective. Skills are developed overtime and with experiences. The problem is many students confuse \u201cknowledge\u201d with \u201cskills\u201d and think that with \u201cknowledge\u201d they can do many things immediately.<\/p>\n

I often explain to students that no one can learn programming languages by simply reading books. They must apply what they read from books into writing code. Of course, they will make mistakes, they will create errors, they will make the program crash but by doing it they learn and with time, they develop their programming skills. What the industry needs is \u201cskills\u201d NOT \u201cbook knowledge\u201d. To work as a programmer, students must demonstrate coding skills, not eloquently talk about \u201cstring\u201d, \u201cloop\u201d, or \u201carray\u201d. That is why there are unemployed graduates. Some of them have degrees and knowledge but may not have skills.<\/p>\n

In \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d, students must be active. They must be responsible for their own learning. They must be prepared to learn because studying is building the knowledge and doing is developing the skills. Similar to that, reading textbooks and assigned articles will build the knowledge and applying it in class discussions, in asking questions, in doing homeworks will allow them to develop the skills. By having knowledge and skills, they can do many things in life. That is the value of a college education: To get students educated.<\/p>\n

I often assign a \u201creasonable\u201d amount of reading assignments for students to read before coming to class. Class time is used mostly for discussion with questions and answers. Because students have different motivations, I often give several articles, some are required and some are optional. Some students read them all, many only read required articles, and few would not read anything. If students see many reading materials, they will not read then come to class and complain. If there are only few then students will only read half hours before class and of course, not thoroughly understand them. \u201cReasonable\u201d amount is actually a very difficult choice for professor. Since not all students are motivated, expecting them to read everything is unrealistic. That is why I give the flexible choices (required and optional) so at least, they can come to class prepared.<\/p>\n

Students need opportunities to measure what they know and do not know. I often have weekly tests to allow them to assess themselves. Most students hate test, they look at test only as pass or fail. It is important to explain to students that weekly testing is an investigation conducted to provide both students and professor with information about the knowledge of students in class. It also provides an objective view of the way professor provides information to students. A poor grade is an indicator that student does not understand the subject well. It also could be that the professor does not explain it clearly enough. If most students do it poorly then the issue may be with the professor. In this case, review session must be conducted to go over some materials to ensure students understand it well.<\/p>\n

Many students find exams and tests stressful and sometime stress can compromise their performance. I know many students understand the materials very well but under stressful situation, they cannot perform well. That is why I prefer teamwork. By letting students work together reduces their stress and promotes better learning. Teamwork is designed to facilitates students collaboration. I found that when working together, students feel secured, they do not feel stress then it is easier for them to raise questions; review the issues; and solve the tasks. Students often review reading materials and start discuss the solution with each other. Many do that with intensity and passion for their positions. That is where actual learning happens. That is indeed, learning by doing.<\/p>\n

During class discussion, the team can challenge other team\u2019s solution. That is when the fun begins. When students begin to see that there are many solutions, there are many alternatives, there are many views, they see the entire system, the bigger picture rather than just their own. This is the reason why teamwork exercise is better than individual tests. The team argues, deliberate, consider alternatives, explain and review their positions. Some use persuasion, some ask more questions but at the end they all learned something. At that moment they begin to believe in learning, they believe in their decision to go to college and feel motivated to learn more. That is what active learning is all about.<\/p>\n

Traditional education emphasizes competition. Students are force to compete with each other rather than cooperate. Working together is considered cheating. Class discussion is considered as out of control. It makes learning difficult. It makes learning stressful. It makes students afraid of exams. It makes school a place of fear rather than a place to learn. However, when students graduate and go to work in the industry, they have to work in team. They have to collaborate with others. They have to share information. There is no hero in teamwork. There is no \u201cI win and you lose\u201d in teamwork. If succeed, it is the team\u2019s success. \u00a0If failed, the entire team suffers. Unfortunately, many cannot do that. They are not taught to be team members but competitors. Many do not fit well, they argue, they hide information, they do not share and they want to succeed only as individual. With that attitude, the team cannot go far then eventually they become unemployed. Today all technology works are teamwork, no one can work alone. If college and industry ever work together, they must solve this issue first.<\/p>\n

Students who spent many years in the traditional passive education often feel uncomfortable with the active learning process. Many do not understand the benefits of being active so they are \u201chesitantly\u201d waiting for professor to tell them what to do. Many are slow to adjust to the new education process that promotes cooperation. They may not want to say anything for afraid of being wrong. They may not want to participate in class discussion for fear of asking the wrong question. They do not like to do reading assignments before class because they believe the professor will go over these materials in class anyway. As partner in the learning process, the professor needs to understand this issue and explain to them about the \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d method. It is important to explain to them that with globalization, the world is changing fast as technology is changing faster. Without the proper knowledge and skills, students will not be able to compete and get good paying jobs. Without the right attitude, students will not be able to build a good career.<\/p>\n

It takes time to change from the traditional passive system into the new active system. During this transition period, there will be challenges that both professor and students must overcome.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c” v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2336"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2337,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2336\/revisions\/2337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}