{"id":2309,"date":"2013-07-06T08:54:28","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T01:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2309"},"modified":"2013-07-06T08:54:28","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T01:54:28","slug":"nguoi-phat-trien-va-cong-ti-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2309","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u1ec1 2,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 52% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra l\u00e0 h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 36% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (h\u01a1n 10 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n) cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y c\u0169ng h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam sau c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, v\u00e0 73% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng coi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u00e0y nay n\u1ec1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 64-bit ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00ed \u0111a nh\u00e2n, \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh song song. Tr\u1eeb phi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi t\u00ecm ra th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y k\u0129 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1edbm b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng bu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i thay th\u1ebf h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u1eaft ki\u1ec7t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00f4ng ti. C\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n v\u00ec c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi thu\u00ea v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. H\u1ecd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00f3i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra: \u201c\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng sau khi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng ti ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng d\u1ec5 l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\u201d V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1eeba m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111em c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh visa H1B, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u00edt ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cTrong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u “l\u00e2m tr\u1eadn” v\u1edbi nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu\u00ea c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ra \u0111i khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd. C\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u201d<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y nay trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn cho nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p CNTT ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 “c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m” v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Developers and software company<\/p>\n

A new U.S. industry survey of 2,000 software developers finds that 52% of them do not update their skills in this competitive market. The reason given is they are too busy with works and do not have time to do anything else. However, the survey also finds that 36% of them admitted that they do play video games often (More than 10 hours per week) so the claim of not having enough time may not be a good excuse. The survey also asked whether software developers would attend additional trainings after work, if given and 73% of them declined. When asked why, many said that training should be provided during working hours as part of their jobs, not after since it is their own time, not company time. The survey finds many developers do not consider additional skill training is a top priority when they still have jobs. The survey concludes that this attitude is unacceptable as more new technologies are emerging. For example, today new mobile computing platforms coupled with the new 64-bit systems running on multi-core processors, are about to start a new era of parallel programming. Unless current developers find time to master these new technologies, many of them will find their existing skills soon be obsolete.<\/p>\n

The survey finds that software companies are often force skilled developers to overwork on current jobs then replacing them with new developers that have more modern skills because existing developers have obsolete skills already exhausted their value to the company. The root cause of this practice is about money as existing workers require higher salary than new hires and most have obsolete skills. Many companies defend this by practice by claiming that existing developers are too valuable to pull off works and put in training. They cited the fact that many developers do not like to learn new skills as long as they are still having jobs. Many companies afraid that with additional trainings, developers can easily find job elsewhere and leave. One manager told the survey: \u201cTraining is an expensive investment, few years ago we invested a lot in training but after had better skills, most left our company for another better paid jobs. We found that it is easier to steal people from another companies than train our own people\u201d. Few years ago, experience is important in getting jobs but with fast changing of technologies, many companies are not investing in skill training but replace developers with new graduates that have better skills because they just learned them in college. Today most companies are focusing more on recruiting students from selected schools that have the most updated training programs. Another common practice is to bring in skilled workers from oversea through the H1B visa program, if they have the skills and willing to work for less. The survey concluded: \u201cIn this rapidly changing market, both developers and companies are \u201cat war\u201d with each others. Developers do not want to learn new skills and companies are taking advantage of that by continue to hire skilled workers and let them go when there is no need for them. Company that invests in training found that their people take advantage of training to find higher paid jobs. It also explains the issue of IT workers shortage at the same time many IT workers are unemployed\u201d.<\/p>\n

In the fast changing world, lifelong learning is the most important factor that many software developers do not pay attention. The issue stem from the past when most developers could easily switch jobs without significantly upgrading their skills. Today in a globalized market where skilled workers are everywhere and easily be acquired, company can quickly fulfill their needs and no longer need experienced developers with high salary and obsolete skills. Globalization opens more opportunities for skilled workers but also become a brutal force for workers that do not update their skills. That is why for many years, I always advocate that software\u00a0developers and IT professionals must take full responsibility for maintaining their skills to be \u201cemployable\u201d at any time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u1ec1 2,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 52% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2309"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2310,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309\/revisions\/2310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}