{"id":2298,"date":"2013-07-06T08:42:36","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T01:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2298"},"modified":"2013-07-06T08:42:36","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T01:42:36","slug":"ba-con-song-cua-toan-cau-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2298","title":{"rendered":"Ba con s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1” \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh “th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3” v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed tin h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00ec doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. Ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi internet v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. M\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 website \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch 80% doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2000, M\u0129 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea9y ngh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch, ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u01a1n t\u00e1m ngh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang mua s\u00e1ch qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Amazon v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho Jeff Bezos, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Amazon, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edf v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p visa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f2i l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111em t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Pakistan, v\u00e0 Philippines t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00ec t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i m\u1eb7c cho m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00ec chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng may, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3. V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hay n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 m\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. V\u1edbi thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edf, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hay n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u0129 s\u01b0, doanh nh\u00e2n v\u00ec h\u1ecd ra \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “ch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o” n\u00e0y v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u00edt h\u01a1n c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 y khoa, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, k\u0129 s\u01b0 hay nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng? H\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o trong ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf nh\u00e0. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Khi h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u01a1n, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng cao h\u01a1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c CNTT cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 97 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la n\u0103m 2010. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u01a1i n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0nh tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0o trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Thay v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 nh\u01b0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea1nh tranh cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebb c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e2u. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi, hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. Thay v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea1nh tranh, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i qua th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u pha, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. L\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd gay g\u1eaft. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p sang n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u00edch l\u1ee3i chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i qua th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi b\u1edd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ec7t, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, gi\u1ea7y d\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eb9 v.v. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i gi\u1eefa 10 t\u1edbi 20 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ti truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u khan hi\u1ebfm \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. K\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh cho m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi. T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a pha n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao, h\u1ecd l\u00e0 qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t kinh t\u1ebf” \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00ean chu\u1ea9n cao h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u1edbi \u00edch l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra t\u00e1m t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tu\u1ef3 theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Thay v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai bao g\u1ed3m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, kinh doanh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v.v. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i gi\u1eefa 20 t\u1edbi 50 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 canh t\u00e2n n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c pha tr\u01b0\u1edbc. K\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. Pha n\u00e0y l\u00e0 pha t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti, n\u01a1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a k\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u cao t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc hay c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Trong pha n\u00e0y, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u01a1i c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh li\u00ean minh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Li\u00ean minh s\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh cao si\u00eau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. L\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, l\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau v\u00ec lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n l\u1eb7ng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0o khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti b\u00ean trong li\u00ean minh hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 ba bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ti\u1ec7n nghi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kinh doanh v.v. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m hay h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai hay th\u1ee9 ba. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n v\u1edbi h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 chi ph\u00ed-\u00edch l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, chi ph\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u01b0u th\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng. C\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 thay v\u00ec l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edch l\u1ee3i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o \u01b0u th\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 chu k\u00ec ba \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ebd gay g\u1eaft h\u01a1n khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb pha n\u00e0y sang pha ti\u1ebfp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a “l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u” n\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0 k\u1ebb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c \u0111ang th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u v\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng coi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1eebng, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The three waves of globalization<\/p>\n

The term “globalization” has been around for a long time but it has developed into a \u201creality\u201d and affect all businesses. Some managers believe they do not need to think about globalization because their businesses are local, not global. The reality is competition can comes from anywhere as companies are now operating in a global environment. Even if a business’s is only operating in one city, it does not mean competitors will not come in. Therefore every business must be prepared to deal with this global reality, else it is too late. Today with the internet and faster transportation, any company can compete globally without have to be located in particular places. All they need is a website to sell products and contract with shipping company to deliver to customers. For example, when online business happened few years ago in S. Korea, large global companies would sell products cheaper than local companies and wiped out 80% of small business who locate in small cities. Before 2000, the U.S. had over twenty seven thousands bookstores, today it has less than eight thousands and the number is continue to decline as more people are buying books through online bookstores such as Amazon and making Jeff Bezos, the owner of Amazon, one of the richest men in the world. Today, with open immigration laws and special visas permit, workers can go to work in many places relatively easy. For example, twenty years ago, construction workers in the Middle East went on strike, demanded better salary. When negotiation did not bring result, construction companies brought in workers from India, Pakistan, and Philippines to do the work instead of raising salary. Today there are more than several hundred thousand foreign construction workers work there and local workers either have to accept lower wages or be unemployed.<\/p>\n

Globalization is changing the way companies are doing business and impacts more countries than people can imagine. For example, the use of outsourcing is increasing everywhere despite concern about job losses. Developed countries will continue to outsource works to lower cost countries to increase profits as the cost of labor workers in home country continues to rise. Unfortunately, many people do not understand this impact and not prepare to deal with it. With the advancement of telecommunication and transportation, business is no longer be limited to a particular region, city, or country but expands globally. With the shortage of skilled workers and open immigration laws, skilled workers are no longer be limited to a region, city or country but as they can go wherever there are opportunities. Either they go to where the jobs are or jobs will go to where skilled workers live. Some countries are unprepared and lost their talented workers such as doctors, scientists, engineers, business persons as they left for better opportunities in another countries. This \u201cBrain drain\u201d phenomenon is still happening today in many countries. What will happen to a country that lost most of their talents? What will happen to a society with fewer number of medical doctors, scientists, teachers, engineers or professionals? What will happen to an economy where talented people are no longer want to stay and build? They will not last for long and sooner or later will fall into extreme poverty and be exploited by others. On the contrary, some countries are well prepared to keep their skilled workers at home. They have policies and laws to create better business environments, incentives for foreign investments and encourage them to outsource works there. As they gain more works and investments, their economies prosper and move to higher standard of living. For example, in less than twenty years, India become the center of information technology (IT) as more companies are outsourcing IT works to India with revenue reaching 97 billion dollars in 2010. The same thing is happening in China where it became the center for manufacturing, producing many products at lower costs and created hundred million jobs for its citizens.<\/p>\n

Globalization opens more opportunities but also more competitions between countries, companies and individuals. Companies that fail to incorporate globalization into their strategies cannot respond quickly to competition and may not survive. With globalization, opportunity to grow is limitless so senior managers must plan their strategies accordingly. Instead of fear, they must use globalization as a competitive differentiator for their companies, else competitors will. The same thing also happens to workers who fail to improve their skills. They may not be able to keep their jobs for long. With globalization, job opportunity is limitless. Workers that adopt a lifelong learning attitude, understand what the job market needs and prepare. Instead of being passive, they must be active and use their skills as competitive differentiator, else somebody will.<\/p>\n

Globalization is a dynamic approach that changes over time. It consists of several phases, economists called it waves. The first wave of globalization is about cost where companies move works to lower cost countries to increase profits. Cost is a major factor of all outsourcing decisions. To take advantage of this first wave is to have lower labor costs to bring works into a country. Because these works require labor workers who can be trained in a short time, competition will be fierce. Most works will be moved from one low costs country to another lower costs country as some will continue to lower the cost to attract works. Eventually, this cost benefit will diminish over time just like the wave reaching the shore. Examples of the first wave include textile, clothing, shoes and light manufacturing works etc. Most economists predicted the first wave to last between 10 to 20 years.<\/p>\n

The second wave of globalization is about quality and effectiveness where companies access to skills that are scarce in their home countries to meet their needs. Skills is a major factor of all relocation decisions. To take advantage of this phase is to have skilled workers to bring works into a country. Because these works require workers who are highly educated, they are more valuable than labor workers as they demand much higher salaries. To prepare for the second wave, education improvement is important but only few countries would succeed. The second wave is considered an \u201ceconomic booster\u201d to push economy into higher standard because higher paying jobs can bring significant benefits to the country\u2019s economy. According to several studies, one high tech job could generate eight to twelve indirect jobs depending on the local environment. Instead of outsource works low labor works, global companies will have to open businesses and invest in operation facilities to take advantage of the skilled workforce. Examples of the second wave include Banking, financial, business, trades, information technology services etc. Most economist predicted the second wave can last between 20 to 50 years.<\/p>\n

The third wave of globalization is about achieving efficiency and innovation where companies take advantage of the success of previous phase. Advanced skills is a major factor of all collaboration decisions. This phase is the ultimate phase of globalization as the value is based on mutual collaboration between countries, companies where the relationship move from customers and suppliers to partnerships. It based on the availability of highly advanced skills exist in certain countries or companies resulting from education excellence. In this phase, globalization enters a balanced state where both sides form alliance to take advantage of globalization. The alliance will compete and dominate other companies from many areas including economic advantage as well as technology superior. As partners, wages would be equal as works and research flow freely from one to another. This is equal to a calm sea where no more big waves as things flow smoothly between companies within the alliance or partnership. Examples of the third wave include research labs, product development facilities, strategic relocation of offices and business partnerships etc. Most economists predicted this wave to last a long time, could be hundred years or more.<\/p>\n

Not all companies will move to the second or third wave. Some are satisfied with the cost-benefit focus and will continue to move works to low cost countries. However, the cost of moving and continue to search for new locations will reduce the cost advantage and eventually there will be not much benefits left. To truly reap the benefits of globalization,\u00a0 company must commit to a long term approach that involves all three waves. Management must look at the overall business strategy rather than a tactical action. They must acknowledge that their companies will need to mature in its expertise to deal with this globalized approach. Company that looks at cost only will get limited benefits and will be disillusioned in the long run. Providers that focuses only on labor cost advantage will not prosper long. Of course, not every company will complete the entire three-wave cycle, some will fail and disappear as competition will be more fierce as company transition from one phase to the next. However, achieving the final stage of “global mastery” should be every company\u2019s goal. Today, some companies are global leaders, but many other are challenging and with new technologies, new trends no one can be confident for long as things keep changing. Today some countries are doing better but with technology changes and better education, no one can stay on top for long as competition continue. Today some workers are doing well but if they do not take the lifelong learning seriously, others will challenge them for their jobs and since competitors can come from anywhere. It is important to understand that no one can maintain the position without updating skills. Just like wave in the ocean will continue to move and never stop, progress depends on awareness, understanding, and willing to take action to move with the changing time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1” \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh “th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3” v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2298"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2299,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2298\/revisions\/2299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}