{"id":2264,"date":"2013-07-05T12:55:08","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2264"},"modified":"2013-07-05T12:55:08","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:55:08","slug":"thieu-hut-tai-nang-cntt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2264","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng CNTT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edf ra \u1edf M\u0129 h\u01a1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gia nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u0129. \u1ede California, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ba tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t (Ba vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edf ra cho m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p). S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1eed nh\u00e2n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ecdi bang, t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t “G\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u0129,\u201d t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd 18 bang v\u00e0 WashingtonD.C. c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edf ra. Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t g\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Thung l\u0169ng Silicon, Seattle, Dallas, Boston, New York, WashingtonD.C., Los Angeles v\u00e0 Chicago. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea1nh tranh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $100,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Ann Hunter thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts n\u00f3i, “D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00f3 hai hay ba vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Cho n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.” T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, Ts. Tim Lindquist, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ea1i bang Arizona, n\u00f3i th\u00eam “T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i khi t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.” Tim Duncan, m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn \u1edf California n\u00f3i th\u00eam: \u201cTrong ba n\u0103m qua, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111em h\u1ecd v\u00e0o M\u0129. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c di tr\u00fa ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t $ 250,000 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 mang m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u1edf M\u0129. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, M\u0129 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edf ra, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang thu\u00ea 2,000 t\u1edbi 3,000 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u1edf M\u0129.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 “c\u00e1c bang thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t,” ch\u1ec9 Delaware, Virginia v\u00e0 Washington D.C. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eed nh\u00e2n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong n\u0103m 2009 h\u01a1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong 2005. Trong “c\u00e1c bang thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t” kh\u00e1c, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i t\u1eeb 14 t\u1edbi 68 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y khi nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecf Kinh doanh, T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u cao n\u00e0y. Theo nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n trong kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean cao t\u1edbi 3 tri\u1ec7u trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi n\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, chu k\u00ec cao trong vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111i v\u00e0o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec dot-com. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh c\u1ee7a M\u0129 kh\u00f4ng? Ts. Scott Brigland nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ai th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng khu v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3ng cho n\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi iPhone, c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ng\u00e0y nay nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iPad v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. Ai bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp? N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The shortage of IT talents<\/p>\n

Today, there are more information technology job openings in the U.S than there are graduates ready to join American businesses. In California, that ratio is three to one (Three job openings for one graduate). The fact is, the number of computer-related bachelor’s degrees conferred has plummeted in nearly every state, creating a critical shortage problem in the U.S and several developed countries.<\/p>\n

In the special report “America’s Tech Talent Crunch,” the author noticed 18 states and WashingtonD.C. have shortages of local graduates when comparing to the number of job openings. The most critical shortage also happens at critical tech areas, including Silicon Valley, Seattle, Dallas, Boston, New York, WashingtonD.C., Los Angeles and Chicago. These gaps have created a competition for IT graduates and push the average wage for recent graduates pass the $100,000 a year. Ann Hunter of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says, “There are easily two or three jobs for every computer science grad. So easy, almost everyone with the degree can get an offer immediately.” Likewise, Dr. Tim Lindquist, a professor of computer science at ArizonaState, added “I can’t tell you the last time I had a student tell me they had trouble finding a job, even some of our poorer students also had job offering.” Tim Duncan, an executive of a large software firms in California added: \u201cIn the past three years, we have to send our managers to almost every countries to hire software workers and bring them to the U.S. It is very expensive process since we have to file all immigration works just to hire them. It costs us at least $ 250,000 just to bring a workers from oversea then we have to pay them the same wages as other in the U.S. Even with many companies are outsourcing works to India, China, the U.S. still have so many job openings, we cannot find enough graduates to fill them\u201d. He also mentioned that they are hiring 2,000 to 3,000 software engineers each year but only found a few hundred in the U.S.<\/p>\n

Among the “shortage states,” only Delaware, Virginia and WashingtonD.C. awarded more computer-related bachelors in 2009 than they did in 2005. In the other “shortage states,” degrees conferred has dropped anywhere from 14 to 68 percent. Even enrollment has picked up in recent years as many students abandoned Business, Finance and return to Computer related fields but it would be several years to meet the high demand. According to several U.S government forecast, opportunity in technology fields recovering faster than the economy. There is a shortage of close to a million IT workers and it could go as high as 3 million in the next five years if the situation has not improve. However, an up-cycle in hiring typically encourages more students to enter the field, similar to what was seen in the dot-com era. The question is, can corporations and universities work together to meet the long-term needs of America’s fast growth technology industry? Dr. Scott Brigland a researcher with government labor department said: \u201cThe issue is with the fast changing of technology and most universities cannot change fast enough. Few years ago, nobody even predict that mobile application area is hot so very few schools are looking at this area. Suddenly with the iPhone, there are a huge demand for Mobile apps developers. Today the demand is for iPad and tablet applications developers. Who know what will be next? If the university do not collaborate well with the demand in the industry, we will continue to see a shortage of IT workers\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edf ra \u1edf M\u0129 h\u01a1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gia nh\u1eadp … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2264"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2265,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2264\/revisions\/2265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}