{"id":2252,"date":"2013-07-05T12:47:45","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:47:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2252"},"modified":"2013-07-05T12:47:45","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:47:45","slug":"chat-luong-phan-mem-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2252","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: \u201cCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n em b\u1ea3o em ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a em n\u00f3i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ai \u0111\u00fang?”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tu\u1ef3 the c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 (\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng). T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed, l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn h\u00e0n l\u00e2m hay c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 qui tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00f3. T\u00f4i ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang theo g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ed7i, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd mua n\u00f3 (g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti). N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, th\u00ec kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti th\u00eam n\u1eefa (c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng). N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u m\u1edbi d\u1ef1ng xong, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ph\u00ed, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng (g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n). N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eefa ch\u00fang, hay l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i n\u00f3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e2u (c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n). N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t (g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn h\u00e0n l\u00e2m). Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 “\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n”, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—<\/p>\n

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Software quality<\/p>\n

A student asked: \u201cWhat is software quality? My friend told me that quality means software has zero defect but my teacher said quality is achieving customer\u2019s satisfaction. Who is right?”<\/p>\n

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Answer: There are several definitions of software quality depending on different views. From the customers\u2019 view, quality can be defined as meeting their needs and achieve their satisfaction. From the developer\u2019s view, quality can be defined as how well the software is designed and how good the product conforms to that design (Meet functional specification requirements). From the project manager\u2019s view, quality can be defined as meeting specific project goals such as costs, schedule, and customer\u2019s requirements. From the company owner\u2019s view, quality is based on how much customer is willing to pay for the product. From the academic view or professor\u2019s view, quality can be defined as an effective process that creates a product without any defects and provides measurable value for those who produce it and those who use it. I am sure there are more definitions.<\/p>\n

Because there are more definitions, everybody is right from their own view. If a software product is full of defects, then nobody will buy it (Company owner\u2019s view). If a software do not meet users\u2019 needs or not perform accordingly, then customers will be very unhappy and may not want to do business with the company anymore (Customers\u2019 view). If a software takes too long to built, do not meet schedule, exceed cost estimates, with many defects then the project manager\u2019s job may be in serious problem (Project manager\u2019s view). If the software is not well designed, full of problems and do not meet design specification then developers will have to fix them, or do it again. In that case they may not be able to keep the jobs for long. (Developers\u2019 view). If the software is not developed according to a defined process, full of defects and provide no measurable value to users then maybe the training program is not a good one (Academic \u2018s view). However, zero defect is only a \u201cwish\u201d, it is impossible to have zero defect no matter how many times you test the software. No one can guarantee that the software has zero defect.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: \u201cCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n em b\u1ea3o em ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2252"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2252\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2253,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2252\/revisions\/2253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}