{"id":225,"date":"2013-06-17T21:06:41","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T14:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=225"},"modified":"2013-06-17T21:06:41","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T14:06:41","slug":"phat-trien-ki-nang-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=225","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u201ck\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m\u201d l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u email t\u1eeb sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ean “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t b\u1ed1n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. V\u1eady m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t hay hai m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i. Khi h\u1ecd tranh c\u00e3i, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. Khi h\u1ecd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc trong k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, c\u00f3 \u00edt sinh vi\u00ean t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ecdi m\u00f4n. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ecd tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn m\u1ea5y v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd. Khi t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do v\u1eady hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n tham gia v\u00e0o. Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hay \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc trong m\u1ed9t hay hai m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u00e0i k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u1edf h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t hay hai m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00fang trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 70% sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 m\u00f4n b\u1ed5 sung, trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 khi sinh vi\u00ean s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Developing soft-skills<\/p>\n

According to the industry, \u201csoft skills\u201d are extremely important and one of the key factors in hiring workers is their soft-skills ability. However, I have received several emails from students and graduates that they feel unprepared for the soft-skills required by the industry and they did not know what to do.<\/p>\n

Although today some schools have offered a course called \u201cSoft-skills\u201d but students often argue that taking one course is not enough as they still feel unprepared to get enough soft-skills by the time they graduate. Like technical skills, soft-skills require a lot of practice. If it takes a student four years to develop the technical skills, it will also take about the same time to develop the soft-skills. Yet many students do not understand that soft-skills are not something they will learn by taking one or two courses but they must start to develop them throughout the time they are studying in school.<\/p>\n

First they learn soft-skills by working in team. There are many courses require teamwork but students do not realize that at the same time they learn how to solve problems, discuss issues, debate technical solutions they also develop their soft-skills. When they discuss with each other, they learn communication skills. When they debate, they learn critical thinking skills. When they structure their works, they learn organization skills, and when they share results with the class, they learn presentation skills. Teamwork is the fundamental of all soft-skills training. If you actively participate in teamwork, you are developing your soft-skills. You do not have to take a course in soft-skills, you are already practicing it.<\/p>\n

As a professor, I often notice that in most team works, there are few students who would actively volunteer to do most of the works and present the materials in every course. And there are certain students often actively avoid it as much as possible. They attend team meeting but rarely do much or only do the minimum possible to meet the team requirement. They do not discuss much and often agree with what others suggest. When the team must present the results to the class, they often avoid it since there are others who would do the presentation. Basically, they missed the opportunity to learn and develop their soft-skills and not surprisingly, they are often the ones who complain that they do not have the soft-skills required by the industry to get good jobs.<\/p>\n

To learn soft skills is to put oneself in a position of discomfort. It is only by overcoming this discomfort that one can be natural in a situation that calls for these types of competencies and thus be more effective at whatever task you are engaged in. Too many students do not want to be put in these situations in the classroom setting, even though it will serve them well in the future. They believe that soft-skills are something like history or geography where they can learn in a course or two. I have talked with professors who teach the soft-skills course and they confirmed; \u201cWe can teach them what soft-skills are, we can encourage them to develop them and share with them few techniques but the rest is up to them. Nobody can develop soft-skills by taking one or two courses. They must practice them throughout the time in school.\u201d<\/p>\n

However, the fact is about 70% of students did not take the soft-skills course because it is not a requirement for the degree and it often taught as a supplement course, in the fourth year when students are ready to graduate. My advice is if you do not take the initiative to develop your own soft skills as soon as you enter college by actively participate in teamwork, you should not complain. My question is now you know this fact, what gets in the way of you taking active role in your teamwork?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u201ck\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m\u201d l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u0103ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=225"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":227,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/225\/revisions\/227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}