{"id":2239,"date":"2013-07-05T12:39:12","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:39:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2239"},"modified":"2013-07-05T12:39:12","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T05:39:12","slug":"nguoi-kiem-thu-phan-mem-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2239","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i trong m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u00fang. H\u1ecd vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 r\u1ed3i “n\u00e9m n\u00f3 qua” cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1eeda sau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen r\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh b\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00ean s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i? Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 sau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u00ecm ra n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “n\u00f4 l\u1ec7” cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 sau, cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed bi\u1ebft. Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u0169ng ki\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. R\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0ng khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u1ebfu h\u1eafc c\u01a1 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. (Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng an ninh).<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u1ea9n k\u00edn m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea1y nhanh h\u01a1n. Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng n\u1eefa. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sinh l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 sai, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y h\u1ecfng. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00ed l\u1ed7i, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0m ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n k\u00edn, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e do\u1ea1 t\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 sau v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 sau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd coi k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Good software tester<\/p>\n

Many software developers consider testers as someone to find defects in their code so they can fix them. They write code then \u201cthrow it over\u201d to testers to find defects then they will fix them later. This is a very bad habit and should be avoid because most software projects do not have enough time to do everything. What will happen if developers do not have time to fix their defects? What will happen if developers forget to fix defects? Eventually the software still have defects and it will be very expensive to fix them later, especially when customers find out about it.<\/p>\n

Testers are not \u201cSlaves\u201d to developers, their job is more than just testing to find defects. Good testers know that when they encounter something that can create problem later, even it has not happen yet, they let developers and project manager know. So testers also check for software risk. Risk is something has not occur but when it does, it creates problem or it could become a defect. For example, testers can identify security issues by point out to developers certain code that could become a potential problem if hackers get hold of it. (Unsecured coding practice).<\/p>\n

Good testers may notice interesting things about software that do not change the result but may have hidden features that the developers themselves do not even think about. They may suggest better way for the software to perform better and with minor changes, developers can make software run faster. So testers do check for performance too. Good testers can find some error-prone issues and even the software may work well but if users are careless and do something wrong, it may cause the software to crash. With some suggestion to add an error-handling routine, this issue can be avoid. So testers do check for usability too.<\/p>\n

Good testers may find some hidden issues, something that can threaten the quality of the product later and recommend that developers to modify their codes to avoid these issues. For example, Testers can point out some aspects of the product that make it hard to find and hard to change later. These are things that the developers can do to improve the software for easy to change. So testers do check for maintainability too.<\/p>\n

There are so many things that a good testers can do, much more than just finding defects. Professional testers will do all of the above because they have experiences and they consider their skills valuable to the company. Developers should consider testers as a partners, a valuable friends, someone who could help them to improve their skills and should appreciate their contributions to the software development.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i trong m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2239"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2240,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions\/2240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}