{"id":2208,"date":"2013-07-05T11:45:30","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T04:45:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2208"},"modified":"2013-07-05T11:45:30","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T04:45:30","slug":"robot-trong-the-ki-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2208","title":{"rendered":"Robot trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edf nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7m theo m\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u01a1. Cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4m nay b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u1eefa k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1edd, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u robot l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea1n, t\u1eeb lau ch\u00f9i nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda t\u1edbi n\u1ea5u b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i cho b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 sao? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tin v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hay ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ts. Rodney Brook, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u robot h\u01a1n trong nh\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa th\u00f4i. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi “m\u00e1y t\u00ednh” l\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean phim \u1ea3nh hay ti vi. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 trong l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh n\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, iPod, iPad, iPhone b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 con chip nh\u1ecf. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, robot s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i qua th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y robot c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng, h\u00e0n khung xe h\u01a1i, khung m\u00e1y bay, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, v.v. Trong n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 chi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng robot. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT c\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed 250 m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea3 ngh\u00ecn m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a robot. Ti\u1ec7n nghi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y Azure c\u1ee7a Microsoft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean cho 35,000 m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh theo lu\u1ef9 th\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec l\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. V\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ra “nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh”, “ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng minh”, “robot th\u00f4ng minh”, “\u00f4 t\u00f4 th\u00f4ng minh” c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y “\u00f4 t\u00f4 th\u00f4ng minh” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh t\u1ea1i Carnegie Mellon m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed7 ch\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng qua ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb Los Angeles t\u1edbi Las Vegas m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “robot th\u00f4ng minh” hi\u1ec3u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i IBM x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u201cWatson\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trong ti\u1ebfng Anh, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ng\u1eabu nghi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i TV, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, robot \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 trong s\u00e1ch h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh doanh. Robot h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o l\u1edbn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111i theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mua ch\u00fang v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Ts. Rodney Brook m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed M\u0129: \u201cS\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u robot n\u1eefa m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u201d V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra robot h\u00fat b\u1ee5i, qu\u00e9t s\u00e0n c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cRoomba\u201d m\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, robot qu\u1ea3n gia s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng minh, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 robot, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u00e1i c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Robot s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng tay, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c robot n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u1ecfi chuy\u1ec3n ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0y nay, M\u0129 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp ch\u00fang ta s\u1edbm. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi robot v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.\u201d
\nKhi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a robot, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cNg\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u00ednh robot c\u00f3 v\u0169 trang, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m, robot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Robot kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb nguy hi\u1ec3m. Robot l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n trong d\u00f2 t\u00ecm c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m. N\u1ebfu robot h\u00fat b\u1ee5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau. Robot qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u00fang b\u1eafn s\u00fang. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi, robot s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c nguy hi\u1ec3m, b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u00e1n cho n\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua, Ts. Brooks \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u00e1n robot. L\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), \u00f4ng \u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i robot. Robot c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 xe \u0111i tr\u00ean sao Ho\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a NASA (trong c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi CMU), robot h\u00fat b\u1ee5i Roomba, robot lau d\u1ecdn c\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 Pack-Bot th\u00e1o ng\u00f2i n\u1ed5 bom hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf Iraq v\u00e0 Afghanistan. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra robot trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y tin r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1edd, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi robot ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng robot n\u00e0y, h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh cho ch\u00fang l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. Khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 lu\u1ef9 th\u1eeba nh\u01b0 \u201cWatson\u201d th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a IBM, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y robot ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng thay v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean robot kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi “b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o” \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y tin r\u1eb1ng “robot th\u01b0 k\u00ed” n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, “n\u00f3” s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t trong Robotic l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc. Theo c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tin c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129, c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 30% trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Robot \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kinh doanh l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111ang r\u00f3t ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Heartland Robotics, m\u00e0 Ts. Brooks l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 CEO, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 $30 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la t\u1eeb Jeff Bezos, nh\u00e0 \u0111a t\u1ec9 ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a Amazon.com.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Robots in the 21st century<\/p>\n

Fifty years ago, if you told people that they would have their own computers at home, they would have probably laugh at you. Twenty years ago, if you told people that they would have telephones to carry with them everywhere without cord, they would think you are dreaming. So if someone tell you today that within ten years from now, you will have many robots working for you, from clean up your house and cook dinners for you. What do you think? Would you believe it or think that it is just an imagination?<\/p>\n

According to Dr. Rodney Brook, there will be a lot more robots in people home in just few more years. He said that fifty years ago, people thought a \u201ccomputer\u201d was a giant sophisticated machine that they saw on movies or TV. But now computers are in your microwave, your stereo, your phone, your iPod, iPad, iPhone because computers are not no longer the giant machine but a small chip. Similarly, robots will change over time and people\u2019s attitudes will change with them.<\/p>\n

With the advance of technology, things are changing very quickly.\u00a0Today we have seen industrial robots in manufacturing facilities. Most are big and can do the jobs of several people such as lifting heavy loads, welding car frames, airplane frames, building products in assembly lines, etc. In the past fifty years, the U.S were spending huge amount of money to modernize their manufacturing and replacing labor works with robots. For example, ten years ago, one IT system administrator was needed to manage 250 servers. Today, one person can manage thousands of servers with the help of robots. Microsoft’s Azure cloud computing facility only has 12 administrators for 35,000 servers. The exponential power behind computing technology has a dramatic impact people lives more than anything else in the past. Over the next few years, people will see technologies that create \u201csmart homes\u201d, \u201csmart healthcare\u201d, \u201csmart robots\u201d, \u201csmart cars capable of drive itself and make decision.<\/p>\n

Today we are already seeing \u201csmart cars\u201d invented at Carnegie Mellon that can park themselves, navigate crowed streets and go from Los Angeles to Las Vegas without human driver. The next challenge is develop “smart robots” that understand people, talk to people, and take order from people. When speech recognition and artificial intelligence people at IBM build \u201cWatson\u201d the computer that could listen to question in English, answer random questions and defeat people in TV game, many people was surprised. Not long ago, robot was the thing in science fiction books but now it is simply a business. Robotics has advanced to the point that they are no longer expensive and only few big manufacturers can buy but it will go the same way as the computer or mobile phone. Soon any people will be able to buy them and integrate them in their life.<\/p>\n

Last month, Dr. Rodney Brook an expert in this field told U.S. newspapers: \u201cThere will be many more robots in than people can imagine\u201d. Few years ago, he invented a floor sweeping, vacuum cleaner robot named \u201cRoomba\u201d that is now \u00a0being sold all over the world for about one hundred dollars. He said: \u201cWith sophisticated software, household robots will\u00a0have intelligence, they will be teachable or programmable, and affordable. They will make us more productive in ways we never imagined before. By focusing more on robotic technology, we can reinvigorate U.S. industry and inject new life into the economy. Robots will make our businesses more competitive as they are much cheaper than human labor cost. They will change the way we work. Instead of working by hands, our workers will operate computers to control these robots and we can keeping jobs from moving overseas. Today, the U.S. is so far advancing in this field, no countries can catch up with us soon. We can lower our product costs with robots and stop outsourcing. The only thing we need is train more engineers, more computer people, more advanced technology people.\u201d
\nWhen asking about other applications of robots, he said: \u201cToday we do not have armed robot soldiers yet, but if we did, a robot could do many things that a person could not. A robot does not care whether its life is at risk. Robots are better at detecting what is dangerous and what is not. Of course, we need better computers because you cannot afford to have them make mistake. If my vacuum cleaner robot misses a spot, it can find and clean it later. Military robots cannot fix that when they shoot their guns. In the next few years, robots will do many dangerous, dirty, and boring jobs so people can do something more creative, more exciting.<\/p>\n

For the past three decades, Dr. Brooks has been designing, building, testing, and selling robots. As a Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he directs the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory where his students are working on all kinds of robot. Their robots will be used in space, households, and battlefields, including the NASA Mars rover (In collaborate with CMU), the Roomba vacuum robot, the gutter cleaning robot, and the bomb-defusing Pack-Bot that currently being used in Iraq and Afghanistan. His current work now is to create robots in the workforce to improve the economy, make humans more productive and industry more competitive. He believes that few years from now, people will work in offices with robots sit next to them. They can talk to these robots, ask questions get answers and order them to do something. As computers continue to become more capable at an exponential rate such as the intelligent IBM\u2019s \u201cWatson\u201d, people will see robots more as a common tool rather than something extraordinary. He is currently working on another robot with special \u201cArtificial brain\u201d to make them more aware, responsive and teachable. He believe that this \u201cSecretary robot\u201d that already have the skills and intelligence of a eight year old child but with time, \u201cShe\u201d will learn enough language skills to communicate with people.<\/p>\n

With the advancement of computer technology, the most promising fields in Robotics are Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. According to U.S government sources, these areas will have growth rates exceed 30% in the next ten years. As robot is becoming big business, especially in offices and in private house, many investors are pouring money into this field. Last week, Heartland Robotics, which Dr. Brooks is the founder and CEO, has already received $30M investment from Jeff Bezos, the multi billionaires owner of Amazon.com.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edf nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i. … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2208","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2208"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2208\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2210,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2208\/revisions\/2210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2208"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2208"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2208"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}