{"id":2190,"date":"2013-07-05T11:35:23","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T04:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2190"},"modified":"2013-07-05T11:35:23","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T04:35:23","slug":"phan-mem-chat-luong-cao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2190","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cC\u00e1ch n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao? L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m?”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00edt th\u1eddi gian ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong c\u00e1c pha thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 hay ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. M\u1ed9t khi l\u1ed7i \u0111i v\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ec5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n gia ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed5 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y “ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n” g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea3y qua hai pha \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng \u0111i v\u00e0o pha vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Chi ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n cho t\u1eebng pha, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf pha vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n 100 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1eeda n\u00f3 trong pha y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. C\u0169ng d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i trong pha y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay pha thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u01a1n l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 hay ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00e9m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \u1edf cu\u1ed1i pha y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, r\u1ea5t \u00edt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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High Quality software<\/p>\n

A manager asked me: \u201cWhat is the best way to build high quality software product? How can we reduce the time it takes to build software?<\/p>\n

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Answer: In my opinion, getting the correct requirements at the beginning of the project is the best way. It will help build better quality software, reduce the effort in re-works and much less testing time. The more changes to a software project during design, coding or testing phases will result in the possibility of more defects in the software product. Once defects get into the software, you must test and remove them and it takes time which may delay the project. Having quality requirements will help the delivery of quality software.<\/p>\n

Most managers, especially people who do not have software development experience always push for coding as they think coding is software development. They do not want the team to spend time in requirements or design phases because they do not see any \u201cdevelopment\u201d. This lack of knowledge about software development lifecycle has resulted\u00a0in\u00a0many projects skip these first two phases and hurry go to coding phase. The failure to obtain accurate requirements will result in higher cost, more time, and more defects in the software. The costs of fixing defects will increase at least ten times for each phase that means at\u00a0coding phase, it will cost 100 times to fix a defect\u00a0than fix it during requirement phase. It is also easier to find and fix defects during the requirements phase or design phase than during coding or testing. A bad requirement requires a lot of rework and could cause project failure. The effectiveness of the team to deliver quality software depends on how good and correct the requirements are documented. That is why at the end of requirement phase, we must conduct a thorough review to ensure that requirements are complete, correct, essential, feasible and testable.<\/p>\n

Unfortunately even today, very few training programs are focusing on requirements engineering\u00a0but still put a lot of emphasis on programming languages. By having appropriate training, requirement engineers or business analysts can work closely with users to learn about the business processes so they can understand users\u2019 needs. By understand users\u2019 needs and how the software will be used, they\u00a0can get accurate and complete requirements documentation for the software project.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cC\u00e1ch n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao? L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2190"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2191,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2190\/revisions\/2191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}