{"id":2137,"date":"2013-07-05T10:40:47","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T03:40:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2137"},"modified":"2013-07-05T10:40:47","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T03:40:47","slug":"cach-tiep-can-agile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2137","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9\u00a0 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea3y qua qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Nh\u1eefng “ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f4 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt” n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p trung v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Agile th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng Agile kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 250 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong ba n\u0103m qua, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Agile l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1ecf (\u00edt h\u01a1n 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng then ch\u1ed1t trong Agile l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Agile \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f9ng Agile m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (QA) t\u1ed1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh (CM) ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong Agile l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (PO). Vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cao \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1ed5 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. (Vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 hay k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c.) PO ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00f4ng ti. \u0110\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 PO. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PO l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 \u0111ang d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c trong Agile (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Scrum) l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y Scrum. Th\u1ea7y Scrum x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed5 tu\u00e2n theo ch\u00fang. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Scrum l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i hay kh\u1ed1i ch\u1eafn n\u00e0o cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Th\u1ea7y Scrum c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat Sprint, theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, suy ng\u1eabm, v\u00e0 phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1edbi v\u1edbi Agile, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean Agile, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho t\u1ed5 \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Agile m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m “l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft” hay “th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n” n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea3y l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i th\u00f3i quen c\u0169 nh\u01b0 “m\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sau.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ti d\u00f9ng Agile \u0111\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p trung v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 n\u1eefa. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u qui tr\u00ecnh Agile, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. H\u1ecd n\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m Sprint (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Scrum) \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u chung cu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u thu nh\u1eadp h\u01a1n cho c\u00f4ng ti. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 PO b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PO s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 PO trong tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ed5 t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Agile, t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m sai v\u1ec1 Agile r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u “k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho nhanh”, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Agile nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o Agile t\u1ed1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00edch nghi n\u00f3 cho c\u00f4ng ti. C\u00f3 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghe ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Agile l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u201cvi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m Agile m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Agile approach<\/p>\n

Many software developers say that they are using Agile approach, but actually they only use it as an opportunity to skip development process and documentation so they can jump into coding. These \u201cundisciplined developers\u201d know that middle level managers and company owners have no idea of what Agile really is. That is why many managers told me that Agile does not work in their companies. In my study of 250 software projects in the past three years, I found that Agile is excellent for small software projects (Less than 10 people), it can helps improve quality and customers\u2019 satisfaction significantly.<\/p>\n

The key success thing in Agile is to have a skilled and experienced project team. Agile project demand every team members to play several roles when needed from architect, design to develop and test. A programmer who only write code will not be able to use Agile successfully. Beside skilled developers, the project need good Quality Assurance (QA) who can build and execute tests, and Configuration Management (CM) who can help control the changes and build the released software product. One important key role in Agile is the Product Owner (PO). This role requires an highly experienced person to work with customers and ensure everyone on the team understands customer needs. (This role is also called as Business Analyst or Requirements Engineers in other approach) The PO must identify the right customers to ensure requirements are accurate and provide value to the company. Sometime a customer representative will be assigned to the project to act as the PO. The main job of the PO is to validate what the team is building is something that the customer actually wants.<\/p>\n

Another key role in Agile (The Scrum method) is the Scrum Master. The Scrum Master defines the processes and practices for the project and ensures the team follows them. Another key task of Scrum Master is to remove any obstacles or roadblocks for the project. The Scrum Master also facilitates the Sprint Planning session, the Daily Stand-ups, Retrospectives, and the Release Planning session. If your organization is new to Agile, it is important to include an Agile coach who has deep experienced in Agile approach to ensure the team is implementing Agile effectively. The coach also provides training to the team and make sure that they will not do any \u201cShortcut\u201d or \u201cTrick\u201d to jump back to old habits such as \u201cCode first, Design later\u201d.<\/p>\n

To make sure that the company is using Agile correctly. It is important to train both middle level managers and owner too. They must understand Agile process, roles and responsibilities of team members and trust their teams to do the work. They should attend the Sprint Review (The Scrum method) to gain a sense of progress instead of just read a status report. They must understand that its primary intent is to build customer value which can ultimately mean more revenue for the company. Of course, they do NOT need to be an expert but at the minimum, they must understand the concept of self-organizing teams, collaboration. They need to help the PO with requirements and clarification to ensure that the team is building something the customer needs. They need to understand that the Product Backlog and Release Goals are owned by the PO and avoid making promises to customers without the PO in agreement. Basically, Agile approach is NOT only for the development team but everyone within the company must understand the process and benefits of it. It takes teamwork to succeed and with Agile, the team is the entire company.<\/p>\n

Contradict to the wrong notion about Agile that it only requires \u201ccoding skill to do it fast\u201d, there are many rigorous Agile practices. That is why it is important to have good Agile training before adapting it for the company. Having good discipline helps with productivity and quality because the discipline ensures that everyone is focused on the work. If you hear someone says that Agile is about \u201cCoding faster and quicker\u201d, \u00a0it is clear that they certainly have never actually done Agile but only pretend to know something about it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9\u00a0 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2137"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2137\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2138,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2137\/revisions\/2138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}