{"id":2086,"date":"2013-07-05T10:06:01","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T03:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2086"},"modified":"2013-07-05T10:06:01","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T03:06:01","slug":"thuc-trang-cua-cong-nghiep-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2086","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c email t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00ec t\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho t\u00f4i email th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0,<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, em \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn \u1edf San Jose. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u em \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong ba n\u0103m qua m\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Theo quan s\u00e1t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eabn b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i hay ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1eddi gian t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y r\u1eb1ng “l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c” l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n mu\u1ed1n. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1ng “ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1edf” l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m “c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c” cho c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i tin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 theo c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i t\u1edbi n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.” T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi. Sau khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169 ba n\u0103m r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed3i th\u00ec m\u00e3 c\u0169ng t\u1ed3i r\u1ed3i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ba n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i tin c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u “ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3” trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p “\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n” n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc ao r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec? T\u00f4i th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ai \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho t\u1ed5 khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ng\u1eafn l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd “t\u1eafm trong d\u1ea7u s\u00f4i” \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edf ra \u1edf San Jose v\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd k\u00e9m th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin chung r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd trung th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00e9m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed y\u1ebfu n\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o s\u1ebd b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00ec th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00e9m.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc “l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft” v\u00e0 “th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n” trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 qua c\u00e1c k\u00ec ki\u1ec3m tra, l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ea1y k\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt do gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c k\u00e9m, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngi\u1ec7p c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Perl v\u00e0 HTML. V\u1ec1 sau khi ASP, PHP, v\u00e0 Java l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 then ch\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi ASP.NET<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 XML r\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra. M\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi t\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra. Ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 AJAX, Ruby v\u00e0\u00a0ASP.NET<\/a>\u00a02.0. v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Cho ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang. Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201ch\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh n\u00e0y.\u00a0L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u01a1n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Khi th\u1ea7y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i n\u00f3i l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 th\u1ebf h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The reality of software industry<\/p>\n

I often receive emails from former students since I asked them to share their working experiences with current students. Last week a former student sent me this interesting email, reflecting his experience in the software industry.<\/p>\n

Dear Professor,<\/p>\n

After graduated, I worked as software developer for a large company in San Jose. Following is what I have experienced in the past three years that I wanted to share with current students.<\/p>\n

From my own observation, the software industry has not changed much in many years. It is a sad thing as many software projects are still being set up to fail. The simple reason: unskilled project management. For example, I have spent many days preparing detailed estimate for my work in this new project then be told that the schedule was already set by the project manager. Without asking for my opinion or reviewing my estimate, he gave me only half of the time that I needed to do my work. I learned in your class that \u201crealistic schedule\u201d is a critical part for project to succeed and you always encourage us to build software that not only works, but of high quality. However, this was not what the project manager wanted. He sets goal that everything must meet schedule, and nothing more. That was the first lesson that I learned about the reality of the software industry.<\/p>\n

Since developers did not have enough time, the first thing they did was skipping quality. Being forced to build \u201cBad software\u201d was the worst things a project manager can do to developers. Delivering project on-time but knowing that software \u201cmay or may not work\u201d feels like failure to me. I believe it is better to do things the right way, and not just the quick way so I came to talk to the project manager. He defended his position as \u201cQuality is good but schedule is everything\u201d. I felt like I am wasting my time with an idiot. That was my second lesson about the reality of the software industry.<\/p>\n

I sat next to several developers from another project. They were given a documentation for an old system that they need to upgrade. They worked hard for several weeks to design a new interface. After the design was complete they found out that the documentation was three years old and did not reflect changes in the system. That means what they designed was no longer correct. Of course, with bad design came bad codes then the entire project was cancelled because the system did not work. Many of them lost their jobs but their manager did not. He was given another position in a new project. That was my third lesson about the reality of the software industry.<\/p>\n

Of course with only three years of working in the industry, I probably have not seen everything. However, I believe good management is a \u201cmust-have\u201d in this \u201cpoorly managed\u201d industry. As developers, we wish that we could work for good managers so we can experience success. I often wonder if all projects that you work on failed then what have you learned? I like to work for someone who know what it takes to build quality software, someone who can make the correct decisions, and willing to defend the team when customers wanted to shorten the schedule. If we have manager like that, we would \u201cbathe in boiling oil\u201d to defend him. We\u00a0 would work all days and all night to support him. Today, there are many software jobs opening in San Jose as the economy begins to recover. Among them are many openings for project managers. Now I know why the industry still needs more project managers as many of them are so bad and have to be replaced.<\/p>\n

Contradict to the common belief that developers would often leave a job for better pay elsewhere, I think most developers would be completely loyal to good manager. For years, we have seen so many bad managers, unskilled managers, and weak managers so I could say this: \u201cNo developers would leave the job for more money, they leave their jobs because of bad managers.\u201d That is my statement about the reality of the software industry.<\/p>\n

As technology changes very fast, most developers must continue to keep up by learning new things. However, there are developers who do not have the good foundation to learn new things. They are people who learned \u201cShort cut\u201d and \u201ctricks\u201d in school just enough to pass tests, obtain degrees, and get jobs. Some came from special schools that teach specific skills in a short time so they can get jobs. Without a strong education foundation, most of them are having difficulty adjusting to new demands. Because they are technically weak due to their poor education, most never last long in this competitive industry. It is another sad thing that I have observed in the industry.\u00a0I was told that not long ago, the company were full of Perl and HTML developers. Later when ASP, PHP, and Java were the key technology, many developers were eliminated to be replaced by new developers who had these needed skills. Then cameASP.NET<\/a>\u00a0and XML then many of them were eliminated. Every time a new technology came, developers who had limited skills were eliminated. Today it is AJAX, Ruby and\u00a0ASP.NET<\/a>\u00a02.0. and nobody know what would be next. Now I really understand what you taught us about the different between a career and a job. A career is something you can do for your whole life but a job is something that only last when there is a need.<\/p>\n

To developers who have strong foundation of education, technology is only a tool that they use. We know enough to handle technology changes. Give us few weeks to learn new things then we will have no problem using them. Only now, I realize what you and other professors said about \u201cLifelong learning\u201d so we could continue to advance our career in this fast changing industry.\u00a0As a former student, I am deeply grateful for what you and other professors have taught us. As you ask me about advising current students, I would tell them to enjoy college as much as possible and put all efforts to build a solid education foundation. It may look like there are so much things that they have to learn, so many courses that they have to take. However, all of that will be a valuable things for them when they have to face the reality of the software industry.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c email t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00ec t\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2087,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}