{"id":2075,"date":"2013-07-05T09:58:29","date_gmt":"2013-07-05T02:58:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2075"},"modified":"2013-07-05T09:58:29","modified_gmt":"2013-07-05T02:58:29","slug":"cau-hoi-cua-sinh-vien-cntt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2075","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean CNTT"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ecfi: Em \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh IT theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Software Engineering \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 em v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111am m\u00ea n\u00f3, em b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn em nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng em l\u1ea1i th\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho em h\u1ecfi em n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0nh IT l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1ea1?<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean trong K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u00e0i tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p, k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean kh\u00e1c th\u00f4i). Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 (v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u00f3) nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, hi\u1ec3u doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang trong \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (SRS). Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o b\u1edfi v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sai, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1. M\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, theo d\u00f5i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u00edch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee7 chi ti\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, l\u1eafng nghe, v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n sang khu v\u1ef1c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00f4ng ti ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 CNTT cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 hai ngh\u1ec1 trong ISM b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (SM) t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 “Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5” v\u00e0 “t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y”. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (SA) n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, l\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n (ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhu c\u1ea7u CNTT, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, th\u1ea9m tra t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh then ch\u1ed1t, ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c s\u1ed5 k\u00ed s\u1ef1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m tra vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m theo l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sao l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea1n. Gi\u1eef \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t nhanh trong khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A question from an IT student<\/p>\n

Question: Em \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh IT theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Software Engineering \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 em v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111am m\u00ea n\u00f3, em b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh , n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn em nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng em l\u1ea1i th\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u , ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho em h\u1ecfi em n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0nh IT l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1ea1?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: As student in Software Engineering, you do have several options:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0You could focus on Requirements Engineering area to develop your career as a business analysts, requirements engineer (these are same job with different names). This job does not require coding (Since you do not like it but you should have knowledge about it) but it requires you to build customer relationships, understand their business and \u00a0their needs. By having this relationship, you can obtain their requirements, analyze requirements, transform them from customer\u2019s view into a developer\u2019s view, then document them in the software requirements specification (SRS). This area\u00a0is critical to the success of any development project because wrong requirements, missing requirements could be a disaster. All requirements must be thoroughly analyzed, documented, testable, traceable back to business needs. Since you like to analyze and document, it seems that this area may fit you well as it requires analysis skills, writing skill to analyze and define these requirements to a level of detail sufficient for developer to design and implement them. In addition, you need some soft-skills such as communication, listening, and interview techniques. You also need to be able to apply use-case scenario to discuss with both customers and developers. You may want to take a course in Unified Modeling Language (UML) to strengthen this skill.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0You could take additional business courses then move into the Information System Management area (ISM) where you either manage IT systems for a company or provide IT support services to customers. There are two careers in ISM that you could choose:<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0You could work as Service Manager (SM) where you focus on building relationship with customers and supporting them on their IT needs. Learn as much as you can about \u201cSoftware as a services\u201d and \u201cCloud computing\u201d. This area is more on the management aspect than technical aspect but with your background in software engineering, I think you will do well.<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0You could work as System Administrator (SA) where you focus on managing IT systems. In this case, you are responsible for the installation, configuration, operation, and maintenance of computing systems (hardware, software and network) and infrastructure. You will analyze the IT needs, develop operating procedures to ensure computing systems perform according to company requirements. Perform daily system monitoring, verifying the integrity and availability of all hardware, server resources, systems and key processes, reviewing system and application logs, and verifying completion of scheduled jobs such as backups.<\/p>\n

Every position deals with a variety of problems and sometime you have to decide which one is best for you. Keep your passion on technical area and remember that there are much more in software engineering than just writing code. The current trends are move very quickly in much broader area that require more problem solving and analytical skills than just purely programming a computer language.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u1ecfi: Em \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh IT theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Software Engineering \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 em v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-va-dap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2075"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2077,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2075\/revisions\/2077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}