{"id":2017,"date":"2013-07-04T15:43:00","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T08:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2017"},"modified":"2013-07-04T15:43:00","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T08:43:00","slug":"phan-mem-va-nhac-rock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2017","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c rock"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean c\u0169 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 th\u00fa v\u1ecb<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0,<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb em chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a em v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, em c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 trong nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c rock. Ch\u00fang em du h\u00e0nh d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n California n\u01a1i em v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n cho h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 xem bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u00edch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. C\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap t\u00f4i theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. V\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho nh\u00f3m rock c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00ean YouTube v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gh\u00e9 th\u0103m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 CD \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c rock ban \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile, t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n (Sprint). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi m\u1ecdi l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd th\u00edch n\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch n\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. Ban nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u01a1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e0i h\u00e1t m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i m\u01b0\u1eddi hay hai m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n cho th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd th\u00edch n\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan h\u00f4 l\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd la h\u00e9t ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c rock, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh t\u1ed1t. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng laser c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh ph\u1ea3i to n\u1eefa. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c rock \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia. T\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u00e2m thanh cho t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n l\u1edbn. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ecd, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 xem ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ecfi, b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n hay c\u00f2n gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n \u1edf trong t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm t\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia. C\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ecd, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mua ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang khi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhanh. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ecfi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc nhanh. Ch\u1ec9 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay “l\u1edbp ch\u00e1n” v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean l\u1ea5y “l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft”, c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc “m\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt” qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng ghi ta t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. Ch\u01a1i ghi ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c rock. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh radio v\u00e0 TV c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang khi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhanh. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t m\u1edbi, ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecf b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 gi\u1ecfi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nhanh n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c rock c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m chung. \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhanh. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 “hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p” n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eadt v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi “ph\u00eda t\u1ed1i” m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ecdi vai tr\u00f2 trong t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f3 t\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc. Nh\u01b0ng trong khi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb coi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft m\u00e3 t\u1ed1t so v\u1edbi m\u00e3 k\u00e9m. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3, cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 sang pha ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00e9m\u00a0 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra cho ban nh\u1ea1c rock. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t cho nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn bi\u1ebft khi anh ta ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i ghi ta “\u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ea5u”. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e0n bass c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd h\u1ee3p \u00e2m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i ghi ta \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. K\u0129 s\u01b0 \u00e2m thanh, chuy\u00ean gia \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ch\u0103m ch\u00fa m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra trong bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m. L\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 \u00e2m thanh t\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00fang, \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c rock t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c k\u00e9m l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, khi bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u00f3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh n\u00e0o ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 k\u00e9m. Nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ca m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u01a1i, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ecfi v\u1edbi nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m thanh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Khi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ecfi t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed7i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ch\u00fang ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1ec1 UML, v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea1n. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Xin \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 n\u00e0o ra s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 k\u00e9m, h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, h\u1ecd s\u1eeda ch\u00fang sau. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m. Th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd la h\u00e9t h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1eafng m\u1ecf h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may th\u1ee9 hai cho n\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1ea1c rock l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

Khi bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed s\u1ebd tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u1ea3 ban nh\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 n\u00f3i cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng? Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd vui m\u1eebng r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xong v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i sau. Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd? Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1ea1c rock t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf California. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u1ea1c rock.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software and rock music<\/p>\n

I have received an unusual letter from a former student that I like to share with you, some of you may find it interesting<\/p>\n

Dear professor,<\/p>\n

You have asked me to share my working experience with current students. My experience maybe unusual because beside working as a software developer, I am also a musician in a rock group. We travel along California coast where I and the band get up on stage and perform for thousands of people who paid good money to see our performance.<\/p>\n

I love software but my passion is music. Having a good job helps me to pursue my interest in music. With income from software job, I can buy the best instruments, the best sound systems for my rock group. We put our songs on YouTube and had many hits. We had our first CD which sold hundred thousand copies and over a million downloads then we became famous. Now I have the best job of both worlds: A software developer by day and rock star by night.<\/p>\n

In Agile approach, development team must be self-organized to design, code, test and release software every four weeks (Sprint). The users have new functions every time we release software. If they like it, they let us know. If they do not like it, we know it too. The same thing also happens in music. My band is also a self-organized group where we create new songs, new acts every ten or twenty weeks then perform to the audience. We get feedbacks very quickly. If they like it, we have a standing ovation. If not, they shout at us.<\/p>\n

For rock concert, music is not enough. It must also have good lighting and good sound. The more laser lighting the better. The sound system must be loud too. We hire supporting people to manage these sound and lighting systems. Everyone involved in rock concert must be an expert. From sound technician to the people operating lights, it takes a group of experts to put on a great show. Without them, people will not pay money to see us.<\/p>\n

Software development is like that too. If you are a good developer, you want to have someone as good as you or better to be on your team. A software team needs supporting people such as testers, quality assurance, configuration management specialists. The worst thing is to have someone with limited skills who slow the team down. Everyone involved in software development must be an expert. It takes a group of experts to create good software. Without them, people will not buy software.<\/p>\n

Many college students believe that programming is everything. That is not correct. Programming is only a small thing in software development. You need to know development lifecycle, software methods as well as the software tools to use. Some of these things are not taught in school so you have to learn them when you work in the industry but you must learn fast. People on the team will not wait for you as you may slow them down. This means you must not only be a good programmer but also a quick learner too. Soon you will realize that it is the basic concept that you learned in school helps you to learn fast. Only when working in the industry, you will realize that the class about data structure or the \u201cboring class\u201d about requirements analysis are now important. Without these knowledge, you will struggle. This is why students who take \u201cshort cut\u201d, students who learn \u201cTips and tricks\u201d just to pass an exam will never survive in industry. Without a strong foundations, they never know how to apply the knowledge and how to transform them into skills.<\/p>\n

Many people believe that good guitar skill is everything. That is not correct. Guitar playing is only a part in a rock group. You need to know about the music trends, radio and TV productions as well as the musical tools to use. Some of these things are not available so you learn them when you work in the industry but you must learn fast. The market is very competitive and audience will not wait for you. If you do not have new songs, new acts then they will abandon you. This means you must not only be a good musician but also a quick learner too. This is where I think software and rock music have many things in common. Music is an industry full of surprises so to survive you must learn fast. Suddenly you realize that having passion is not enough but you must have the \u201cbusiness savvy\u201d too. Without it, you will struggle because it is a very competitive with a \u201cdark side\u201d that most people do not know. This is why na\u00efve musician get exploited and people with an innocent attitude will never survive in this industry.<\/p>\n

For every role on software team, there is a set of skills to be learned. But while you learn these skills, you should have some knowledge of the skills of the other roles as well. As a team, you have to learn about how the team functions, how it work together to create software. Many students only focus on programming languages but not at quality assurance, configuration management or requirements management. It is a big mistake as software project is much more than just coding. For example, as a tester you must know good code from bad code. Your job is directly affected by the quality of the code, so it is critical for you to work with developers to remove defects before it gets to the testing phase. As a developer, it is important to know something about project management. The difference between good management and bad management is the difference between a successful project and a failure one. By the way, when project failed, the owner fire the manager, not the developer.<\/p>\n

The same thing also happens in a rock band. It is essential for musician to know about each other\u2019s skills and roles. The drummer certainly knows when he must stop to let the guitar player does \u201csolo\u201d. The bass player can suggest certain chords for the guitarist to play so they can harmonize the music. The sound engineer, the lighting experts must carefully listening intently to everything that is going on during the concert, and making adjustments accordingly. All of these people are working under the management of a skilled and experience stage director. As musician, your performance is as good as the sound from your instrument. So it is critical for musician to work with supporting people to ensure proper lighting, proper sound before each performance. The difference between a good rock concert and a bad concert is the difference between a successful performance and a failure one. By the way, when a performance failed, the band manager fire the stage director, not the supporting crew.<\/p>\n

No serious musician plays a bad instrument. Successful musicians pay attention and get appropriate instruments for the job. They have to prepare for the songs that they are going play, they have to know their acts, their roles. When perform, musicians not only have to be good at their instruments but they have to know the limitation of the sound system, that means they must know everything about instruments and when to apply them to get better sound.<\/p>\n

The same thing also applies to software. Before you write a single line of code, you need to know about the requirements, the design, the user interface, and the test tools. When testing, not only you have to be good at finding defects, but also be able to write test plans, test cases, test scripts, and develop automated tests. You must do it in a clear and most accurate way. If you are working with users, you need to understand their business process so you can write them into users stories, use cases so they could be coded and tested without ambiguity. Only then you realize that the requirements class about use-case, about UML, about user-stories are more meaningful to you. As students, you may think that these classes are about theories, not important. Please do not underestimate them. They are there for a purpose.<\/p>\n

No musician come on stage unprepared, no software should write code without understand the design. This is a hard concept for a lot of software developers, many just want to code without thinking carefully. If they write bad code, they rewrite them, if they have defects, they fix them later. No musician can repeat the same song if they made mistake. Audience will shout at them and scold them. They never have a second chance so in this case I think rock music is better than software development.<\/p>\n

When a concert is over, the manager will call the band together and tell them what work and what does not work. When software project complete, how many project manager would call the team and tell them what work and what does not work? Most project managers would be glad that the project is over and software is delivered to customers then they worry about fixing defect later. How many developers would carefully reflect on their performance? How many of them would know about their number of defects. This is where I think rock music is much better than software development.<\/p>\n

Those are my thought and my experience, I wish our current students a lot of success. By the way, there are plenty of software jobs in California. It seems that every companies are hiring software developers and willing to pay a lot for them. I wish the same thing could happen in rock music.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean c\u0169 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2017","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2017"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2017\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2018,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2017\/revisions\/2018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}