{"id":2003,"date":"2013-07-04T15:34:03","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T08:34:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2003"},"modified":"2013-07-04T15:34:03","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T08:34:03","slug":"van-de-voi-cong-vien-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2003","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o “thung l\u0169ng silicon” b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nga c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng xa v\u1edbi Moscow. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra to\u00e0 nh\u00e0, trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Nga. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho h\u1ecd ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y k\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i n\u0103m r\u1ed3i n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn m\u1edbi \u1edf Okinawa. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, to nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u1edf trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn bao quanh n\u00f3. T\u1eebng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3: Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xanh v.v.. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0i t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00fang. Trong m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Okinawa n\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh “trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ed3n vinh \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn.” Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sai \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a “C\u1ee9 x\u00e2y n\u00f3 l\u00ean v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd t\u1edbi”.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean hay to\u00e0 nh\u00e0. T\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi “c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u1edf trong k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng trong to\u00e0 nh\u00e0. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba n\u00e0y? H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i g\u00ec? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. H\u1ecd b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sai. L\u00ed do ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u1edf Nga, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 sai: \u201cNh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111em l\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 daonh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u1edbi. Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n theo gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c thi c\u1eed v\u01b0\u1ee3t r\u00e0o. Ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 hay k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn nh\u01b0 Panasonic, Sony, Matsushita, Mitsubishi v.v. kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf hay v\u1eeba. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 trung th\u00e0nh, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n hi\u1ebfm khi r\u1eddi b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao t\u1ed1t, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, v.v. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u t\u00fa trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c cho con em h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi c\u1eed l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t. Duy tr\u00ec ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong khi nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The issue with technology parks<\/p>\n

In the past several years I have seen many countries trying to replicate a \u201cSilicon valley\u201d by building technology parks with the hope that they can create more jobs, more entrepreneurs, and economic prosperity. All over China, there are at least one hundred technology parks. Russia has several existing technology parks and now is building another, not far from Moscow. Japan also has several technology parks built since 1990s. These countries had invested billions of dollars to create buildings, research centers, universities with special tax incentives to attract foreign investments. All of them failed to achieve their objectives. When I was in China, I saw many empty buildings with no company, no business. The same thing also happened in Russia. In Japan, I saw few small local companies occupied these buildings since government gave them a low rental rates but no foreign business. Most of these small companies lasted few years then filed for bankruptcy.<\/p>\n

Surprisingly, last month the Japanese government announced the creation of a new large technology park in Okinawa. This is probably the largest, biggest and most ambitious park. It will have a new research university at the center and several large buildings surrounding it. Each will be designated for a certain technology area: Software, Electronic, Biotechnology, Green energy etc. Of course, it will cost several billion dollars to create them. In the description, the government stated that it intends to transform Okinawa that has the highest unemployment rates into a “prosperous center full of innovations”. However, it seems to me that, similar to other technology parks, it may not work as expected. For several years, I have written many articles about the wrong model to promote innovation of \u201cBuild it and business will come\u201d.<\/p>\n

If you want to create business in information technology, electronics, biotechnology, and environmental science, you must first invest in the workforce, not the park or the buildings. I understand that by investing in buildings and parks, it may looks impressive. It makes people feel that you are doing something. It gave people a feeling that the country is in the \u201chigh tech\u201d world. However, these things do not bring in business or foreign investments because the ingredients of innovation and technology are in the skills of the people, not in the buildings. The Japanese government stated that they will fund many small and mid size companies so they can start and form partnerships with other larger global companies. The issue that they do not understand is what make global companies want to partner with these new small and mid size companies? What do they have to offer? What skills and technology do they have?<\/p>\n

Last week, I talked to several friends in Japan and inquired about the direction of keep building technology parks. They told me that in the past, they built so many high tech parks all over the country and not concentrate in any place so it scattered, not focus. Now they learn from their mistakes and want to start in one big technology park where many things will happen. I told them that they were wrong. The main reason that several parks failed, just like many parks in Russia, China, Eastern Europe had failed because the basic concept is wrong: \u201cBuildings do not bring in business, people do\u201d. The basic ingredient for any technology park is skilled workers. It is the engineers, the scientists who create innovations. It is the entrepreneurs that create the technology that others want to partner with. So to start a technology park, you must start by investing in people, in education, in training programs so you will have a strong skilled workforce ready to work in new high tech adventures.<\/p>\n

Japan\u2019s education system is very good but it still follows the traditional Asian education which means it is also very strict with many exam hurdles. Only the best is selected to enter engineering or technical schools. They graduated many students in other areas but not enough engineers and scientists to drive innovations in the country. Most of their best and brightest people prefer to work for large, established companies such as Panasonic, Sony, Matsushita, Mitsubishi etc. not for small or medium sized companies. The tradition of Japanese society is loyalty, workers rarely leave their jobs to create their own companies.<\/p>\n

To promote good high technology industry, Japan should start with improving the education system, encourage more enrollments in fast grow areas such as software, biotechnology etc. Even the education system there is similar to the best system in the west but most are available to the elite people in society. Many poor families still cannot afford to send their children to college. The public needs to understand about the fact that in the high-tech world, knowledge and skills as well as risk-taking are the paths to success. To limit the education to a few by having more examinations are thing of the past. To select only the best and the smartest students to go into technology areas is not a good policy. To maintain this conservative training program will slowdown progress as the global needs are changing quickly.<\/p>\n

In the past Japan has been very successful in electronic and hardware areas. For many years they have not pay attention to software, which is a mistake. In the global world, things change fast, so it is important to track the trends and adjust to it. If software is the trend, training program must refocus into software. If biotechnology is the trend, it is important to encourage more students to go into this area. Personally, I do not think of any reason that Japan cannot be successful or cannot improve its economy. They just needs new thinking about their education direction, be more flexible, be more agile and allow more people to enter college. Give people \u00a0a better chance to develop their knowledge then the country can enjoy the innovations of its own people.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o “thung l\u0169ng silicon” b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2003"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2004,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2003\/revisions\/2004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}