{"id":1939,"date":"2013-07-04T11:40:17","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:40:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1939"},"modified":"2013-07-04T11:40:17","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:40:17","slug":"dao-tao-cho-the-ki-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1939","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi, n\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u00edch nghi nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u00edch nghi ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y cho sinh vi\u00ean k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi, k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, hay t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb internet. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, sinh vi\u00ean d\u00e0nh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o ghi nh\u1edb l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thay v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch. Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi hay tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian cho \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb \u0111a ngu\u1ed3n v.v. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb internet \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i ra cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu nh\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn website v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean internet. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tri th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn l\u1eabn nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo t\u1ed5. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc theo t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n trong t\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tri th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 qua ki\u1ec3m tra, thi c\u1eed, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, ph\u1ee5 huynh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. Ki\u1ec3m tra, thi c\u1eed, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, thay v\u00ec tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t. Sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, trong nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eebng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoanh v\u00f9ng ri\u00eang. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Thi\u1ebfu quan ni\u1ec7m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 sau khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3\u00a0 thay v\u00ec b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb. Sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ebfm khi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi hay hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, l\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3?<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i \u00edt l\u00e0 t\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Quan ni\u1ec7m chung n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra trong “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c” v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng t\u1eadp th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ngay khi v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00eam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y trong khoa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ngay khi h\u1ecd \u0111i l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Training for the 21st century<\/p>\n

In the world of rapidly changing technology, software students must deal with new methods, new tools, new platforms, and understand software markets. This changing environment demands that software engineering education not only teaches current technologies, but also trains students have the capabilities to adapt quickly to new technologies, allowing them to continue to learn new technologies to meet the market demands.<\/p>\n

Current education trains students mostly on existing technologies but it does not prepare them for future challenges. A better approach would be to provide students with skills, and analytical techniques that they can use throughout their career to evaluate new technologies and then successfully adapt them to their needs.<\/p>\n

Today most trainings do not teach students problem-solving skills that go beyond the use of current technologies. Some are even still focusing on technologies that are no longer used in industry. Many schools do not give students opportunities to use new tools, new techniques. The reason given is they do not have budget or people to teach new things. However, many of these new techniques, new tools can be obtained easily from open sources, or download from the internet. In current training program, students are spending most of their time memorizing theories, learning programming languages rather than other needed skills. They are taught one single method to develop software rather than several ways. Students do not have a chance to experiment with new concept or follow a new approach. The reason given is the program is already full and therefore do not have enough time for new things.<\/p>\n

To prepare students for the globalized world and changing markets. Students must be taught to go beyond the textbook to study complex topics based on real issues, such as understand customers requirements, integrating technologies, analyzing information from multiple sources etc. Of course, this type of training is more demanding than traditional book-based instruction, where students just memorize facts from a single source. Students must be taught to utilize several information sources and data from multiple customers, from the internet to find the best solution. To do encourage this new learning thinking, students must be encourage to read more, learn more and be exposed to more information rather than just focus on text books. If schools do not teach that, students must find a way to acquire this knowledge.<\/p>\n

Today there are thousands of technical websites and tutorials on the internet. Students must learn to utilize them to broaden their own knowledge. By learn more, by having more information, students can reach across traditional disciplines and discover new way, new concepts where many can be interwoven together to solve problems. Students must build a broad based of knowledge, much broader than what they learn in school to stay competitive in this global market. They must spend time to investigate new concepts, new theories, new problems to expand their skills beyond the traditional education.<\/p>\n

Traditionally, students are often taught to work alone but in the industry, they must work in team. Students must learn in team and work in team as much as possible. By working in team, they learn to collaborate, to share information, to manage their emotions, and resolving conflicts. By study collectively, each member of the team is responsible for certain subject then bring back to helping teammates to learn. This cooperative learning will help develops social and emotional skills, providing a valuable knowledge foundation for their lives as students, workers, family members, and citizens.<\/p>\n

Assessment of students capability such as tests, exams, homeworks should be expanded beyond simple scores and provide a detailed profile of student strengths and weaknesses. Teachers, parents, and individual students can monitor academic progress and use the assessment to focus on areas that need improvement. Tests, exams, homeworks should be used as an opportunity for students to learn from their mistakes, rather than a punishment. Students should be allowed to relearn, retake the test, and improve their scores. The main issue here is learning, building capability and skills not eliminating.<\/p>\n

Today, among many training programs there is a lack of integration among courses. It means that each course is isolated and its material tends to be compartmentalized. For example, a student who has taken a programming course may not understand how it fits within the life cycle and how the entire software development is done. Lacking the total concept. Lacking the understanding of process can lead to serious flaws later where everything is solved by coding rather by analyzing and trade-off. Students rarely learn to appreciate the fundamental unifying themes of software development, such as management of complexity and resource allocation. The consequence of these problems is that students graduating from traditional programs rarely have the skills to evaluate new technologies or understand how they can be best applied to existing software development practices. For instance, if a new software development method suddenly becomes popular, how can one tell what its impact will be? Beyond the inevitable issue, what are its true advantages? What needs to be given up in order to use it?<\/p>\n

The better training program must be less a set of independent courses but a well defined partitioning of a closely related set of ideas and concepts. Students must be taught about the software development process, the life cycles, the models, the disciplines and understand issues in the industry. This general concept will help them to understand why things happen in the \u201creal world\u201d and allowing them to use appropriate set of methods, tools, conduct trade-offs between several alternatives. The main idea of a technology program should be to simulate the environment where they will be able to function immediately when go to the industry.<\/p>\n

Students must be taught not only rely on textbooks but also on additional reading of notes and articles from multiple sources. It also requires additional faculty effort, particularly in facilitating and guiding them to learn new things.<\/p>\n

Of course, it also requires students to be highly motivated and qualified. The ultimate goal is to develop highly skilled individual who can contribute immediately when they go to work with technical knowledge, well-developed skills, and a breadth of experience that prepares them to be the best in the industry.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi, n\u1ec1n m\u1edbi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1939"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1940,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1939\/revisions\/1940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}