{"id":1927,"date":"2013-07-04T11:33:45","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:33:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1927"},"modified":"2013-07-04T11:33:45","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:33:45","slug":"chien-luoc-che-tao-cua-an-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1927","title":{"rendered":"Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra 100 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o, b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Anand Sharma n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u00eap s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ebf th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p nhanh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp cho ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o sau Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ea9y v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai v\u00f9ng \u1edf bang mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y Maharashtra. V\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 5,000 hectares v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u 25 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2022 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng Sharma n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra hai t\u1edbi s\u00e1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 cho t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u01b0\u1eddi hai t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho 600 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Manmohan Singh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t cho kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0: \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u thu\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Theo nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u1eefa r\u1eb1ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o sau khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u thu nh\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00e9p \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi kinh doanh sinh l\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb CNTT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u01a1i n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o kinh doanh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qui tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa cho t\u1edbi khi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

India’s Manufacturing strategy<\/p>\n

Last week, India government approved a national manufacturing policy that aims to create 100 million jobs in the next 10 years. During the press conference, Trade Minister Anand Sharma said that the policy is to create industrial zones that will offer lower taxes, faster permits, and easier labor laws to make India the next destination for manufacturing after China. India will set up seven special zones, including two in the western state of Maharashtra. The new manufacturing zones will have a minimum size of 5,000 hectares and ensure workers\u2019 benefits by setting up fund to provide training and compensate them to move to such area. The goal is to capture the global manufacturing share 25 percent by 2022 and create more jobs for Indian.<\/p>\n

Mr. Sharma said that the government recognizes that the manufacturing sector has a multiplier effect in the creation of two to six additional jobs with each job in manufacturing sectors. Although it does not have the effect in create twelve to sixteen jobs with each job in the information technology but all of these in combination will be able to support 600 million jobs in the next ten years. The policy is an attempt by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh\u2019s government to create more jobs for the over billion people country. Today every government understand that job is the key factor for a stable economy as well as politics. Among the key target manufactured products are: automobile, electronics, clothing, and heavy industries such as aerospace, machinery and ship buildings.<\/p>\n

According to several analysts, this is also another sign that India will compete directly with China in manufacturing after it has been successful in information technology. The succeed of IT outsourcing which bring in a lot of revenues to the country allows India to move into the manufacturing area without have to depend on foreign investments. Some analysts consider this is a brilliant strategy to grow a stronger and better economy by starting with the most lucrative business such as information technology. By starting with IT, Indian learn more about technology and management and by having a strong management and technology knowledge, India can rely on its own strengths and its own people when moving into the manufacturing area where it can support its unskilled and poor people.<\/p>\n

This strategy is completely a reverse of what China did in the past twenty years. China started with manufacturing first to support its unskilled workers before moving into better business such as information technology. However, the weakness of this strategy is it does not have the technology knowledge to automate its manufacturing process for quality and efficiency. It also does not have the management capability to manage its own industry sector and has to rely more on foreign management. An analyst predicts that if Indian manufacturing has better quality, efficiency and better managed then there will be a major shift from China to India. That could bring devastating effect to an economy that over relying on manufacturing exports. However, it will take at least another five years until these special manufacturing zones take effect and many things can happen during that time.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra 100 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong 10 n\u0103m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1928,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1927\/revisions\/1928"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}