{"id":1923,"date":"2013-07-04T11:32:11","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1923"},"modified":"2013-07-04T11:32:11","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:32:11","slug":"thieu-hut-ki-nang-toan-cau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1923","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u00ec l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u v\u00e0 \u00edt c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n thay th\u1ebf h\u1ecd. Theo m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tra to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Thu\u00ea v\u00e0 gi\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi v\u00ec tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng” trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng then ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay y d\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 hai t\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n. Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn cho n\u00ean th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cao v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e2ng l\u00ean t\u1eebng n\u0103m khi nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 h\u01a1n \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n 1 t\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 khi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u. \u0110\u1ebfn 2020, con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 2 t\u1ec9. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t gi\u1eefa 320 tri\u1ec7u t\u1edbi 400 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 cung. M\u0129 c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 14 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t n\u0103m nay. S\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u c\u1ee7a “b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u1ebb em” (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra gi\u1eefa 1946 t\u1edbi 1964) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 500 c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao trong cu\u1ed9c suy tho\u00e1i v\u1eeba qua, M\u0129 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n. T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n?\u201d<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 g\u0103ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf m\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Hai trong n\u0103m c\u00f4ng ti Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao do t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 35%, cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 khi kinh t\u1ebf b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean 85% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n do qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00e9m b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i tr\u0103m t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la do qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00e9m v\u00e0 tham nh\u0169ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti theo “c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng” d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u00f3c ngo\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t cho kinh doanh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean 70% c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd d\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m thay v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadn k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n, s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c, hay xin qui ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 di tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng sau khi b\u1ea1n chi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em h\u1ecd v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y ra h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu th\u1ebf.\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00e1c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cB\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u0129 n\u0103ng thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ee5t sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i b\u1ecb s\u1ed1c r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng khi t\u00f4i c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc – qu\u00e3ng 40 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u1edbi cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi internet, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. V\u1edbi truy nh\u1eadp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o eLearning, s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, websites \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean internet, sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Khi s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m \u0111i nhanh, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 cao. V\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n nhanh sang thu\u00ea v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t, sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. T\u1eeb nay t\u1edbi v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 y h\u1ecdc, y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The gobal skills shortage<\/p>\n

Today, all companies in developed countries are facing significant problem because of an aging workforces and fewer younger workers to replace them. According to a new global survey, skilled workers is the highest priority of every global company. Hiring and retaining skilled workers is the most important factor for every businesses because knowledge and skills are the \u201cengine for growth\u201d in this globalized world.<\/p>\n

According to the survey, skilled workers are workers who possess certain critical skills, mostly college graduates in particular areas such as technology, business or medical. The survey found that the world already has an excess of two billion labor workers that need jobs. These are mostly unskilled workers with minimum education who would do anything to survive. As technology has automated the way factories and business operate, manual labors are no longer needed in large number so unemployment of these workers remain high and will continue to rise each year as more automation are happening. The survey warned that these unskilled workers without jobs will create many social problems for every country if not properly retrained to help them to get jobs.<\/p>\n

The survey predicts that the world will need 1 billion skilled workers by 2015 to replace existing workers as they retire. By 2020, that number will exceed 2 billion. Currently developed countries already have a shortage between 320 million to 400 million skilled workers, demand will continue to exceed supply. The U.S. has the biggest shortage as it needs additional 14 million skilled workers this year alone. The retirement of the \u201cbaby boomers\u201d (Born between 1946 to 1964) means that 500 biggest companies in the U.S could lose half their senior managers and top skilled people in the next five years. Even with high unemployment from the past recession, the U.S could not fill their needs because most of their unemployed people do not have the right skills. One top manager complained: \u201cWe have so many graduates in area that nobody need and not enough graduates in area that everybody need. Why study interior design and philosophy knowing that there is no jobs when you can study computer knowing that there are thousands of jobs waiting for you?\u201d<\/p>\n

The survey found that skilled workers shortage is also critical in China, mostly at the management level. Two out of five Chinese companies cannot fill senior-management positions as turnover rates at the manager level is 35%, much higher than the global average. The major issue in China is as the economy expands, more companies are created but over 85% of them lost money due to mismanagement by unskilled managers. The survey estimates that China lost several hundred billion dollars each year due to mismanagement and corruptions. Most managers operate companies the \u201clocal way\u201d based on family relationships and local government connection which is not suitable for business in a globalized world. The survey found that over 70% of large company in China are now using experienced foreign managers instead of local people.<\/p>\n

It is clear that skilled workers has become a global assets, fiercely sought by multiple competitors. As a result, many global companies\u2019 strategy is focusing on identify and acquire the skills that they need. The goal is to identify where in the world skilled workers could be found, how they are educated, how they learn these skills. The things global companies look for are the education system, the training programs, the number of students enrollments, the number of graduates in particular areas. From these data, they formulate their outsourcing plans, established virtual workers policies, or obtain immigration special status to bring these skilled workers in their countries.<\/p>\n

With globalization, companies need to expand but they could not grow as fast as they wish because they did not have enough skilled workers to accommodate their growth. Many have tried to recruit skilled workers from other countries but some are more successful than others. The major issue is the incompatible in level of education and trainings among countries. One senior manager said: \u201cIt is not difficult to hire graduates from another country but after you spent a lot of money to bring them in your country, you find out that they do not have the skills because their training is so poor and so backward.\u201d Another manager complained: \u201cBachelor degrees in some countries are worthless, their graduates do not know anything and cannot even perform the most basic works.\u201d That is why today, most companies conduct several interviews to test for skills rather than based on degrees.<\/p>\n

With globalization, education and training are important but unfortunately training programs in some countries are still many years behind if not already obsolete. Few years ago, when I was in China, I was shocked that some universities were still using textbooks and materials that I used when I was in college – that was 40 years ago. The professors told me that they did not have funding to get new textbooks so they used the same books that they studied when they were students. Today with the internet, schools can almost get anything they need. There are many software tools and services available that schools can get from anywhere around the world.<\/p>\n

Today, information technology should be the core of all educations and trainings. With easy access to modern curriculums, many are available with no money, students can obtain the latest information on job market, new technology, new methods to supplement their education in their country. There are so many eLearning training program, e-books, websites developed on the internet, students should take advantage of them to become a better skilled workers.<\/p>\n

As numbers of skilled worker in the world are decreasing fast, the demand is high. As global companies move fast to hire and keep the best people. Students should realize this opportunities and ready to respond. From now to the next few years, the demand is very high for graduates in information technology, computer science, software engineer, accounting, medical doctors, nurses and healthcare specialists. These are the fields that students need to pay attention.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u00ec l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1923"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1924,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1923\/revisions\/1924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}