{"id":1913,"date":"2013-07-04T11:27:07","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1913"},"modified":"2013-07-04T11:27:07","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T04:27:07","slug":"kiem-thu-chap-nhan-cua-nguoi-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1913","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UAT) khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i? C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n UAT kh\u00f4ng?”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qua v\u00e0i ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v.v. trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UAT) gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng. UAT nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p khi n\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

UAT bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong UAT, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c pha s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. UAT n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

Trong UAT ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda xong r\u1ed3i trong c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111a d\u1ea1ng (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng) do ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. T\u00ednh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong UAT. T\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho UAT. B\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch UAT hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m chi ti\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong UAT \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n UAT gi\u00fap cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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User Acceptance Test<\/p>\n

A tester wrote to me: \u201cWhy do we have to conduct user acceptance testing (UAT) when we already tested software several times to make sure that it does not have defects? Is having UAT necessary?”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: Today customers expect software companies to deliver quality software at lowest costs and shorter time to meet their business needs. However many software companies only focus on the functional aspects via several tests such as unite test, integration test, system test etc. in their development environment. Few pay attention on how the software will work in the users environment. Many times, the software meet all functional requirements but failed during the user acceptance test because of incompatible testing environment.<\/p>\n

User Acceptance Testing (UAT) helps users to assure themselves that the software meet their needs and operate well in their environment. It is designed to find out if a software fulfills the acceptance criteria and ready for use. UAT identifies how compliant the software is with the business requirements when it operate in the real business environment.<\/p>\n

UAT involves the participation from users and is different from system testing which is performed by developers and testers. Because users play a key role in UAT, it is important to define the acceptance criteria with the users during the early phases of the software life cycle. Business Analysts or Requirements Engineers, who possess knowledge of the business processes must help in designing appropriate requirements, which forms the base for testers to create the test cases. UAT should be performed in an environment that simulates the production environment or put on the exact real world usage of the software application.<\/p>\n

During UAT most technical defects must already be fixed during various testing processes (Unit test, integration test, system test) conducted by testers. The functionality and usability aspects of the software are key aspects to be thoroughly tested during UAT. The testing team should develop the test scenarios for the UAT. An effective UAT plan that details out the key areas must be designed and user acceptance test cases must be prepared to test the software. Any defects found during the UAT should be resolved as soon as possible. Basically UAT helps projects to ensure that the software implements the intended business processes, and meets the requirements of users in various environments. It is the last test in the software development life cycle and the most necessary to prove that the software meet users\u2019 requirements.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (UAT) khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1913"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1914,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1913\/revisions\/1914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}