{"id":1864,"date":"2013-07-04T09:51:28","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T02:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1864"},"modified":"2013-07-04T09:51:28","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T02:51:28","slug":"doi-thoai-ve-lam-viec-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1864","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00f4m qua m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i. Anh ta l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t l\u1edbp. Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cEm c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y c\u1edb cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. C\u00f3 hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau then ch\u1ed1t trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u em \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5. C\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Em c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng quan s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5y nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu cho em l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cNh\u01b0ng em kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng cho em c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Em kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0ng em kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. En \u0111ang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5. M\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111i t\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau. Em c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 em ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 khung th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tham gia. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo. Khi t\u1ed5 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n…\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u: \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 n\u00e0y. En kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd. Li\u1ec7u em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cho em ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cCh\u00fang ta h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u00edt n\u1eefa. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng em \u0111i l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 em ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng em kh\u00f4ng? Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd cho em c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng? Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng ti r\u1eb1ng em kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm cho em d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng? Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, em kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e2u. Ho\u1eb7c em ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c em b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, em ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 cho em kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1ebfm cay \u0111\u1eafng v\u1ec1 sau.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1c: \u201cNh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a em th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a em, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. Cho n\u00ean em ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng em l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi. N\u1ebfu em b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u so s\u00e1nh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, em s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o hay cay \u0111\u1eafng v\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n em hay gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n em. Em c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 em trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi trong l\u1edbp nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 em \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec m\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Em v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t cho em h\u1ecdc. Capstone l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a em trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 em n\u00ean h\u1ecdc n\u00f3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta c\u00e3i: \u201cNh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1eabn nhau. Em kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTh\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin hay \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. Em c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a em v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a em v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec em mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec1n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi \u201cC\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu\u201d hay ‘C\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 cho em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u00e0o tham gia trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn h\u01a1n. Em c\u1ea7n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra m\u1ecdi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i: \u201cNh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nhau.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cL\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5, em \u0111\u1eb7t ra qui t\u1eafc. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp mu\u1ed9n ph\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea1t. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi ch\u1eadm n\u0103m ph\u00fat ph\u1ea3i mua \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng cho c\u1ea3 t\u1ed5. Qu\u00e1 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m ph\u00fat ph\u1ea3i mua th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i mua b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi qui t\u1eafc n\u00e0y th\u00ec em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Em ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp khung th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho t\u1eebng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhau. Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh ta h\u1ecfi: \u201cEm ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u0129nh b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 nghe. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd im l\u1eb7ng? N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 l\u00ed do cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu tham gia kh\u00f4ng. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5, em \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd tham gia nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta tranh lu\u1eadn: \u201cNh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nhau?<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1ec1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Khi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, em ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. Sinh vi\u00ean bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” \u00a0\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc khi n\u00e0o?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: \u201cTuy nhi\u00ean, trong h\u1ecdp c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 t\u00e1n g\u1eabu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd im \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi anh ta: \u201cL\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Em ph\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1eddi hay n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i nh\u1eafc t\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 khung th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong phi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u1ed5 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd, l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n cho n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ec1 sau. Em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone, em h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5, c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u, c\u00e1ch trao \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe, c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t, em c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan h\u1ec7. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 “H\u1ecdc ‘k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m’ b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m n\u00f3.\u201d T\u1ed5 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i\u00a0 \u0111i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. C\u00f3 c\u1ea3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A conversati\u200bon about teamwork<\/p>\n

Yesterday a student came to see me. He is a good student, one of the bests in class. He said: \u201cI feel uncomfortable with the Capstone project team. Some members are lazy, some are not smart, and some do not come to team meeting on time. They all have excuses for their actions. I have to do most of the works and I do not like it\u201d.<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cI am not surprised. There are two key objectives in capstone project: To apply what you learned in a real project and learn how to work in team. Having technical skills is not enough. You also need to learn how to work with others too. I have been watching the progress of your team and I know that some team members have not do much but they voted for you to be the team leader and you should learn to be a leader. A leader does not run away when facing difficulty.\u201d<\/p>\n

He said: \u201cBut I do not want to be a leader. Why don\u2019t you give me some works that I can do by myself. I do not mind difficult work but I do not want to work in team.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cThe capstone project is not designed for people to work alone. You are learning how to work in team. All teams take time to form and for team members to get to know each other. You need time to build the relationship and discuss with each other to develop a shared understanding of the project goals. As team leader you must develop an agenda and timeline for team\u2019s activities and make sure that everyone has a chance to participate. You must set the rules and decide on times and places to meet and make sure team members will follow. When a team lack focus and direction because they are confused and do not know what to do. As leader, you must clarify the goal, the tasks, and outcomes of the project then assign specific roles to individuals…\u201d<\/p>\n

He shook his head: \u201cI do not want to work with this team. I do not like some of them. Is it possible for me to transfer to another team so I just be a team member and do the technical work?\u201d<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cLet us look into this situation a little bit more. Assume that you go to work for a software company. Can you tell the manager that you do not like this person or that person so they must find someone that you get along to work with you? Can you request them to give you something that you want to do? Can you tell the company that you do not like this project so they have to find you another project? When working in the industry, you do not have a choice. Either you get along with people or you are fired. No company would tolerate people with such demand. As a student, you must learn to cope with some unpleasant things now so you do not have to taste the bitterness later.\u201d<\/p>\n

He was quiet for awhile: \u201cBut most team members are not technically good. They are just average students and I want my project to succeed.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cThis is not your project, it is their project too. So you think that you are technically good and they are not. If you start to compare yourself with others, you will become either vain or bitter for there will be someone better or worse than you. You need to learn more about being humble because that is the only thing that can protect you in this changing time. You may learn well in class but it seems to me that you have not learned much about life. You still have a lot to learn and this is a good opportunity for you to learn. Capstone is your first lesson of many lessons that you will learn in life. You better learn it now or it is too late.\u201d<\/p>\n

He argued: \u201cBut the team is not working well. They also do not get along with each others. I am not the only one.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cSometime the team finds it difficult to work together if there is not enough information or ideas to discuss. You need to start the discussion by explaining your vision of the project, your goals and what do you like to see as an outcome of this project. You may consider a range of possibilities by asking \u201cWhat if\u201d or ‘What else\u201d so you can involve team members in searching for solutions. You must ask them to come up with some better ideas. If ideas are not discussed fully, the team may not understand their potential and become argumentative. You need to list all new ideas as they are suggested and ensure all of these ideas are discussed in depth so the team can select the best to start. The most important is to have everyone a chance to participate. This will help people to get to know each other and begin to work as a team.\u201d<\/p>\n

He hesitated: \u201cBut some members do not come to meeting on time. Some do not even talk to each other.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cAs the team leader, you set the rule. For example, anyone who comes to meeting late has to pay a penalty. A member who comes five to ten minutes late must buy drink for the team. More than fifteen minutes have to buy foods and more than half an hour have to buy dinner for team members. If the team agrees with this rule than you can enforce it. You must establish timelines that all team members agree on at each meeting. You can ask each member to present a progress report on what they did since last meeting. They must discuss the difficulties that they experienced so everyone knows about each other\u2019s progress. Remember that your overall team effort and outcome rely on the effectiveness and efficiency of each team member.\u201d<\/p>\n

He asked: \u201cWhat should I do when members do not seem to get involved in discussions.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cSome people may be quiet because they just listen. You can ask for their opinion and try to know why they are quiet? If needed, you may talk to each individual in private to identify if there is a reason for the lack of involvement. You must let them know that as a team leader, you value each team member’s contributions to the team and encourage them to participate more.<\/p>\n

He argued: \u201cBut what if team members disagree with each other?<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cThis is quite normal in team work. You must set rules that team members must respect the ideas of others. They must listen to one another and provide positive and constructive comments about the ideas of other. When disagree they must do so politely and avoid confrontation. As leader you must remind the team members that working in a team means that negotiation needs to occur and this is a \u201cSoft-skills\u201d that everyone needs to learn. Students always complain that they are not taught \u201cSoft-skills\u201d in school. This is the opportunity to learn, if they do not learn now then when will they?<\/p>\n

He seemed to agree: \u201cHowever, in meeting members often talk about other things, such as gossip and not discuss teamwork, I cannot tell them to shut-up.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cTeamwork is also a social activity. You must allow some short time for a laugh or small talk, but then remind the team of the timelines and tasks that need to be completed in that session. You may let the team know that if they finish the meeting on time, get their work done on time, then they can spend more time for talk, maybe in a coffee shop later. You must let the team a chance to know each other and build the relationship.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIn Capstone, you learn many things but the most important is to learn the soft-skills such as how to work in team, how to negotiate schedule, how to communicate, how to listen, how to solve conflict, you also learn presentation skills, leadership skills, relationship skills. The Capstone project is really \u201cLearning \u201cSoft-skills\u201d by actually doing it\u201d. The team needs to know that this is their last year in school, in few months they will graduate and have to go to find jobs. Having both technical skills and soft-skills would be valuable things that distinguish them from others.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00f4m qua m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i. Anh ta l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t l\u1edbp. Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cEm … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1864"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1865,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1864\/revisions\/1865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}