{"id":1856,"date":"2013-07-04T09:47:22","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T02:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1856"},"modified":"2013-07-04T09:47:22","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T02:47:22","slug":"mot-so-van-de-trong-du-an-capstone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1856","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. V\u1edbi h\u1ecd, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng “b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i” kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u00edch l\u1ee3i. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ra r\u1ed3i t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Cho d\u00f9 t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m xong vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f5i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi “m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung”. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau th\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, t\u1ed5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec7ch cho\u1ea1c, gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho nhau; ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho t\u1ed5 r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 “m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng” d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. T\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho t\u1ed5, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m tra hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 theo l\u1eddi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u00f3? Sau khi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hay vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn chung cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng cho t\u1ed5. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u00f3?\u201d, \u201cTh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec?\u201d, \u201cL\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng?\u201d, \u201cL\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ebft?\u201d Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung hay \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn sang b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd quay v\u1ec1 theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ebft m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “anh h\u00f9ng”. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n trong khi s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean t\u0129nh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u00fat \u00edt nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 bao nhi\u00eau vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n r\u1ed3i ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef cho t\u1ed5 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh cho t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00e1i n\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o g\u00e2y h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1ec1 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb chung cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng do ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Khi xung \u0111\u1ed9t x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng nghe b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch kh\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee7 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Some issues in Capstone project<\/p>\n

Not all capstone projects complete successfully. Few have difficulty with technical issues but most have difficulty with teamwork because some members do not want to work as a team. Many students prefer to work independently and do not see the benefit of teamwork. To them, teamwork is a \u201csuperficial\u201d activities that bring no benefits. Instead of working together, team members divide the works then each independently does its own and hope that the project will be successful. Even each member does its own work, they often fail to integrate their efforts into a cohesive results and the capstone does not complete as planned.<\/p>\n

The problem can be traced to the lack of understanding about the goals of capstone. By definition, a team is a group of people working towards a \u201ccommon goal\u201d. If the team is not clear about the goal or does not understand why they must work together than they are confused. Without a clear understanding of the goal, the team becomes dysfunctional, angry, they often blame each other, judge each other on what they do.
\nWhen it happens, professor must step in and clarifies the capstone project goals. It is important to explain to the team that capstone is designed to \u201csimulate\u201d a project in the industry, therefore it is more complex than a task that can be assigned to an individual. To solve complex problems, teamwork is needed. A team could develop better solutions to difficult problems. Teamwork is also a part of the learning process where members learn soft-skills and how to work in team.<\/p>\n

Even after explain that to the team, it is important to verify their understanding. Professor can ask team members to explain their view of the overall goals in their own words and what do they expect to learn from it? After all members express their views, professor can ask the team to describe common goal or vision for the project. A vision has to be something that can excite the team. It must contain challenges as well as opportunities for them. For example, \u201cWhat will the project look like when you complete it?\u201d, \u201cWhat will success be like?\u201d, \u201cHow will you know that you are successful?\u201d, \u201cHow will other know?\u201d When team members can clearly describe the common goal or agree with the vision then the team can proceed to the next step.<\/p>\n

Leadership is critical in capstone project. Without it, team members will go back to their own way of doing things. Some will do as much as they can to prove themselves as \u201cheroes\u201d. Some will nothing at all and rely on others to do the work for them. Some will ask for more works when other will sit quietly. Some will do little but will complain about how much work they have to do. Some will be busy doing something else, outside the project works then complain that they do not have enough time.<\/p>\n

If it happens, professor must step in and supports the team leader on how to keep the team focus on the goal of the project and how to divide the works according to roles, responsibilities. Since the team leader is often selected by the team, he must learn about leadership. Many students do not understand the difference between leadership and management so team leader often acts like he has the power and order the team to do this or that. It is important to note that the job of a manager is to focus on the structure but the job of the team leader is on people. Manager relies on control and maintain orders but leader inspires trust and relationship.<\/p>\n

The responsibility for group effectiveness is not solely depended on the leader but is shared by the group. Final decision is not held by the team leader but is also shared by the group. The team leader only facilitate and communicate information to the team and understand members\u2019 needs and feelings. The team leader must have meetings with team members on a weekly basis to ensure that they know what they are supposed to do. Team leader also must ask for feedback from them to identify major issues, and improvement opportunities.<\/p>\n

In an effective team, each member understands the important of his job and how it impacts the effectiveness of others and the overall team effort. Without a well defined roles and responsibilities, it will create confusion. Sometime, members are asked to work a task without being told how their role contributes to the desired result, much less how their work are impacting the ability of others to do their work. Understanding the goal and how works are divided helps collaboration, increases commitment and quality.
\nWhen conflict happens between members, the team leader must listen to each member\u2019s view before taking any action. By carefully listen, he can lower an team member\u2019s emotional stress and allow that person to calm down. This is where team leader develop the listening skill by carefully listen and do not interrupt so member can express their view fully. It is also important to keep the problems separate from the people so they can be solved without hurting the people. By listening carefully, team leader understand why some people behave that way and act accordingly. Team leaders who focus on promoting good understanding, ensuring adequate communication and facilitating effective interaction will be successful.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1856"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1857,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856\/revisions\/1857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}