{"id":1835,"date":"2013-07-03T21:03:51","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T14:03:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1835"},"modified":"2013-07-03T21:03:51","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T14:03:51","slug":"cong-nghe-va-viec-lam-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1835","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u1eady? T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm h\u01a1n v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?”<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201cC\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi ph\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. L\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n, nhanh h\u01a1n, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n. Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m qua, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb kh\u1eed b\u1ecf. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1eefa nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao. V\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf M\u0129, suy tho\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng sang nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng sang ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Suy tho\u00e1i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho tham nh\u0169ng, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: \u201cSao l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cV\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m xu\u1ed1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hay hai m\u01b0\u01a1i. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd quay l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o? N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec1u kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n du h\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n t\u1edbi h\u00e3ng du h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 mua v\u00e9. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu x\u1ebfp du h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd qua internet, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua v\u00e9, \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n hay \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ed du h\u00e0nh n\u1eefa. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1c, ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng mua b\u0103ng ghi \u00e2m hay \u0111\u0129a CD m\u00e0 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c t\u1eeb internet. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 qua internet v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m e-commerce th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 Amazon, eBay \u0111ang \u0103n n\u00ean l\u00e0m gia. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u1eefa. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ATM hay l\u00e0m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u01b0 k\u00ed hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e1y ch\u1eef. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 “vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n” b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra kh\u1eafp tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kho, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, qu\u00e9t s\u1ed1, \u0111\u00ednh th\u1ebb RFID, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e1y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1eefa v\u00ec trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1, ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. R\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eafng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i t\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. T\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20 do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee9 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 \u0111i m\u1ecdi n\u0103m.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cKh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nhanh h\u01a1n, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho n\u00f3. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i c\u0169 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1i m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang kinh nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1eabn l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra cho h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf qua ch\u00fang m\u00e3i t\u1edbi khi qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u0169 sang vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u0169 m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd quay l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Technology and employment<\/p>\n

My friend asked me: \u201cWhy the number of unemployment is so high? Why jobs are so difficult to find today than few years ago and no one know when it will be better?<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cIt probably will not getting better, especially for some labor jobs. With globalization, many jobs are being outsourced to lower cost countries but that is only the beginning. I think there will be more changes in the near future that will surprise you. Today, technology dominates every business. Technology is about increasing productivity. Making more things, faster, cheaper, and with fewer people. For the past ten years, companies have spent billions of dollars on technology to gain better productivity and it has worked. The problem is that it has worked so well that many jobs are completely eliminated. Of course, there are new jobs created by technology too but it requires different kinds of knowledge and skills. Today people see more job losses but do not know why. Since the financial crisis in the U.S, the recession has spread to many countries in Europe then eventually to Asia. This recession happened four years ago and so far we have not see any sign of recovery yet. Many people blame governments, some blame the banks, some blame corruptions, but the real cause is technology.<\/p>\n

He surprised: \u201cWhy technology? What has happened with technology?\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cWith technology, many factories are automated so they do not need more workers. With computer control machinery, most factories have reduced the number of workers from few hundreds to ten or twenty. If it cannot be automated then the company moves the entire factory to lower cost countries. That is why most manufacturing jobs are gone and never come back. What happen to manufacturing workers? If they do not have other skills that the industry needs, they will be unemployed for a long time.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cFew years ago, many businesses were conducted by service companies. For example, when you want to travel you go to travel agency to buy tickets. Today people arrange their travels via the internet, they can purchase tickets, hotels or transportation on line so there is no need for travel agents anymore. The same thing also happen to music stores, today people do not buy record or CD but download music from the internet. Basically, you can buy almost everything via the internet and that is why e-commerce companies such as Amazon, eBay are doing well. Technology impacts offices and banking too. Because most people use ATMs or online banking now so there is no need for bank workers anymore. With world processor on computer, there is no need for secretary or typist. You can find that many jobs are being replaced by computer technology. Even government jobs who used to be \u201cSafe jobs\u201d are now being replaced by e-government which is better, faster, and cheaper. This situation is happening all over the world; begin in developed countries than move to developing countries and eventually to every country. That is why today unemployment is getting worse as many jobs are being replaced by technology. People who rely on labor works will have difficulty in finding jobs.<\/p>\n

With global economy, competition is fierce. Every company must apply technology to gain better productivity. Most jobs now have technology components to get thing done faster, better and higher quality. Even manufacturing jobs also require knowledge of computer. Workers must know how to operate inventory systems, production planning systems, test systems, digital scanning, RFID tags, machine control system and many other technologies. Even worker with low skilled need to know about technology too because in the near future many jobs will use certain technology. People who fail to learn new skills, people who are not keeping up with technology will be left behind. They will not be able to find jobs. As more factories are automated, even manufacturing jobs will be difficult to find.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cPoliticians and government people talk a lot about create jobs, they make a lot of promises but most have no idea what has happened. Very few people understand that technology is the root cause. They do not know that technology destroys many jobs but also create many new jobs. Governments talk about protecting jobs, creating jobs to win elections but fail to come up with programs to train people in technology. Their thinking is in the past, many are still living in the 20th century therefore they cannot solve problem of the 21st century. That is why unemployment is high, jobs are difficult to find and it will getting worse every year.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cNo one can stop progress. Technology makes things better, faster, cheaper, more productive, and higher profits. It opens new opportunities for people who know how to prepare for it. Technology destroys old things and creates new things. We are experiencing this transition now and that is why so many people are confused. They do not know what to do. Some may have ideas but most are still uncertain. As long as thing does not happen to them, they ignore it until it is too late. The transition from old jobs to new jobs opens a lot of new opportunities. To capture them we must improve the education system to prepare the students for the new thing. Only by doing that, we can solve the unemployment problem. Only by train people in new technology, we can have a knowledgeable workforce. Only by having skilled workers, we can improve the economy. There is no other choice because the old jobs are gone and never come back.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u1eady? T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm h\u01a1n v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1836,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1835\/revisions\/1836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}