{"id":1833,"date":"2013-07-03T21:01:56","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T14:01:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1833"},"modified":"2013-07-03T21:01:56","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T14:01:56","slug":"nhu-cau-toan-cau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1833","title":{"rendered":"Nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u t\u1eeb 2010 t\u1edbi 2020. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u1ec1 hai n\u0103m v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong 175 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cKh\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.\u201d Qu\u00e3ng 68% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng trong ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng tho\u00e1t ra. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u1ec1 hai n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i. C\u1ea3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef chu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed, nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 kinh doanh, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u00edt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y do qu\u00e1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 do cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Khu v\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y t\u1ebf, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, h\u1ed9 l\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT). Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng do xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m. Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u01b0ng do thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng sang th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd s\u1edbm bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, tr\u1eeb phi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u1eeda hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u201d C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh, d\u1ea1y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 5% t\u1edbi 12% tu\u1ef3 theo k\u0129 n\u0103ng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c hay kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n cho n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 iOS, Androids, hay Window 7.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng & an ninh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111e do\u1ea1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng xi be, t\u1eeb virus t\u1edbi hacker, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ho\u00e1;<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho qui tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed;<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT cho t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n CNTT. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u00e0n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v.v.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an ninh trong to\u00e0n doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec websites cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm (SEO\/SEM) Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00ednh th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y cao vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c websites.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The global demands<\/p>\n

There is a global study on where the jobs will be from 2010 to 2020. It analyzes jobs for people with a high school diploma, a two years vocational certificate, and a bachelor\u2019s degree. It collects information about salaries and education in 175 countries and come up with a conclusion that there is a large gap between available jobs and people with the skills to fill them.<\/p>\n

The report stated that \u201cIt is difficult to survive with only a high school diploma because more people will compete for a very few number of job available.\u201d About 68% of people with only a high school education will live in poverty with no hope to escape. People with a two years vocational certificate can build a better career since there are opportunities available throughout the world but the wages is low. That means these people still struggle, especially if they have family and children. Both husband and wife have to work to keep their standard of living above the poverty line. People with a college degree will have better chance because most jobs will require a college degree. However there is a large gap in wages among college educated people. Some areas do not have high demand. For example, People with degree in philosophy, geography, anthropology, history, literature, arts, and social science will be difficult to find employment. Business, Finance, Accounting, Banking jobs are flat, not growing as few years ago due to the oversupply of workers and the financial crisis. The fastest growing areas with the highest demands are Medical, Healthcare, Nursing, and Information Technology (IT). In the past, manufacturing and factory management are good career options but due to the automation trend, many jobs in manufacturing has been on the decline. Marketing and Sale are popular choices among woman but due to the changing market toward e-commerce, many sale jobs will be disappearing soon, unless people are willing to work for small shops with low salary. The report warned that \u201cwithout a college degree, it would be very difficult for a woman to get employment\u201d. Regions of the world vary significantly in the numbers and kinds of jobs available. All countries protect jobs for their own people but certain job opportunities exist for foreigners such as English teaching, information technology teaching and healthcare.<\/p>\n

Today, Information Technology skills is considered one of the most valuable to companies worldwide. Job opportunities is considered excellence in the next ten years. Many jobs will require specialization with salaries are expected to grow 5% to 12% depending on the skills. Because of the current shortage, more companies will have to recruit workers from other countries or outsource more works to where skilled workers are abundant. Among the high demand jobs for university graduates are:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mobile Application Developer: People who develop applications for Smart phones and Tablets. Require knowledge of IOS, Androids, or Window 7.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 System Security & Data Security Specialist: People who deal with computer threats, from malware to cyber attack, from virus to hackers, and understand encryption technology;<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Data Warehouse Analyst: People who collect, store, analyze, and mine data for information and support management decision making process;<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IT Service Manager: People who provide IT services for Cloud computing and IT infrastructure. There are many positions within the service categories such as application management, operation management, risk management, program management, performance management, infrastructure management, Help desk management etc.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Social Media Specialist: People who manage and collect social media information for competitive advantage.<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Network specialist: People to manage network system infrastructure to ensure the efficient and secure transfer of data and information across businesses.<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Web developer: People who design, build and maintain websites for companies.<\/p>\n

8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Search Engine Optimization Specialist (SEO\/SEM) People who help companies to maximize their visibility on search and boost up the ranking of websites.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u t\u1eeb 2010 t\u1edbi 2020. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1833"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1834,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1833\/revisions\/1834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}