{"id":1805,"date":"2013-07-03T18:53:06","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T11:53:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1805"},"modified":"2013-07-03T18:53:06","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T11:53:06","slug":"chia-se-kinh-nghiem-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1805","title":{"rendered":"Chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, em bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a em:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 Microsoft, Google, Apple, IBM hay Oracle v.v. Khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb Microsoft, Google v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf New Jersey. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1edf kh\u00f4ng xa Pennsylvania, n\u01a1i b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 thay v\u00ec \u0111i xa t\u1edbi California l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho t\u00f4i. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u khuy\u00ean t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf g\u1ea7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 b\u1ea9y c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 kho, v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hay x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00f4ng ti. L\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed sao l\u01b0u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh, duy tr\u00ec website c\u00f4ng ti, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Sau s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea9y c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho b\u00e0n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT c\u0169ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kinh doanh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t qua website. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t mua v\u1eadt t\u01b0 th\u00f4 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f9ng qua website n\u00e0y. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT theo d\u00f5i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng; c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n; gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n xe t\u1ea3i t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng; ki\u1ec3m m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3; gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean; h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0m ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u00f4i d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ecdi l\u00fac t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e3, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u00fat \u00edt ghen t\u1ecb v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ra nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00eam; cung c\u1ea5p an ninh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra. Sau b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang; \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti; n\u00eau c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. \u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u00f2ng ban, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 50 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ecd r\u1ea5t b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, c\u1ea3 b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ti. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin cho h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. Trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u1ed1 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng hi v\u1ecdng, s\u1eeda ch\u00fang nhanh ch\u00f3ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 xo\u1eafn xu\u00fdt th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn n\u00e0o. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT ph\u1ea3i thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn lu\u1ed3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n, gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng “s\u1eeda” m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. M\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 CNTT m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhanh ch\u00f3ng, doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ec9 t\u1edbi l\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft CNTT l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t th\u1ebf cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eedi “email nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf”. Trong v\u00f2ng ba ng\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a ra “email c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o” v\u00e0 d\u1eebng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt t\u01b0 th\u00f4; tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ki\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u0103m nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1edf v\u1eadt t\u01b0 th\u00f4 t\u1edbi cho b\u1ea9y c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ecdi xe t\u1ea3i, m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m ph\u00fat, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda gi\u1edd, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh g\u1eedi ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed xe t\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o. Vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ec5 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 th\u00f4, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t th\u1ebf. V\u1edbi GPS, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i m\u1ecdi xe t\u1ea3i, ch\u00fang \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi ch\u00fang ch\u1eadm. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT ch\u1ea1y. H\u1ecd bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y sinh hay h\u00ecnh dung ra c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u CNTT th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp d\u1ecb\u201d ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Th\u1ef1c ra, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00f4ng ti. C\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecb s\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ebfu to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y t\u00e1m n\u0103m. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi. T\u00f4i gi\u1eef cho tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y th\u00eam \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5. T\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1edb l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00ean website c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y t\u1ea1i CMU, theo d\u00f5i blog c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng ti g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y; t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y cho \u00f4ng \u1ea5y ch\u00fat d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. T\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng m\u1eddi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec CNTT l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf cho c\u00f4ng ti, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin (CIO) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i. L\u00e0m sao m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u00f3i: \u201cAnh c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p; anh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi; anh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c; anh quen v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y; anh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i; v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, anh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, anh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. Tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a anh v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 qu\u00ed gi\u00e1. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n anh. T\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y tin v\u00e0o anh!\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng m\u1eebng khi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i. V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y: \u201cTi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i; vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec qu\u00ed h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n h\u1ecd, t\u1edbi th\u0103m h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ecd khi h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng. L\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn, em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Trong \u0111\u1eddi em, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac em nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a em nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u00e0i nghi n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 em \u0111\u00e3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p em \u1edf g\u1ea7n b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 em. N\u1ebfu em chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi California \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, em s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a em, ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ecd v\u1eabn vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a em m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. Em c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i g\u1ee3i \u00fd: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh CNTT hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c; u\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng; thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m xong; hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn em, nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean d\u00e0nh m\u00f9a h\u00e8 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 em s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i CMU \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Em mong g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u1ea7y.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sharing experience<\/p>\n

Dear professor, I always remember that you asked graduates to share their working experience with current students so here is my story:<\/p>\n

\u201cThe dream of many Information Technology (IT) graduates is to work for software companies like Microsoft, Google, Apple, IBM or Oracle etc. When graduated, I got job offers from Microsoft, Google and a manufacturing company in New Jersey. I chose the manufacturing because it was located not far from Pennsylvania, where my parents live. To work nearby home instead of moving far away to California was a difficult decision for me. Most professors advised me that working for Software Company would be better for my career with better future and higher salary. You were the only professor who told me that nothing is better than staying close to my family to visit my parents often.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe manufacturing company has seven factories, many warehouses, and trucks to transport products to distributors or shipyards to ship products to other countries. It employed over hundred thousand workers, mostly in the factories. I worked in the Information Technology department, providing supports to the company. As a new worker, I was given the job of managing daily computer backup, monitor system security, maintain company website, and help users to use our computer systems. That was not what I had in mind for a career in software. After six months to get familiar with the IT systems, I was given responsibilities to monitor daily operations of seven factories, analyzed their workflows, established computer usage supports, and set priorities for the help desks. The job was more supervising rather than technical even it required some technical knowledge. Within a year, I performed well and was given additional responsibilities to work with users to understand their computing needs and system requirements. This works was more challenging for me and I appreciated the training on soft-skills that I learned in the capstone project.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe IT department also manages the company e-business. Customers order our products via the website. We also order raw materials from suppliers using this website. The IT system tracks orders; issues billings; monitor truck shipping to and from the factories; check all accounts, receivable and payable; handles employees payroll; supports customer billings; provides database support. My manager wanted me to focus on analyzing these business processes to identify and solve problems. I spent more time in meeting with users than did technical works. Every time I talked to friends who worked for software companies, they told me how much code that they wrote, what products they developed and I felt a little bit envy because my job was differ than them.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cMy responsibilities continued to increase as the company expands operation to several countries. I had to support the development of additional computer systems; provided data security and control, and managed business recovery in case natural disasters happen. After four years, I got promoted to IT system manager. My new job involved review and approve all systems programs prior to their implementation; evaluate the company\u2019s technology use and needs; recommend improvements, such as hardware and software upgrades. I also managed operational budget and expenditures. In this position, I often met with department managers, supervisors, suppliers, computer vendors, and others, to resolve problems. I also hired workers, trained and supervised them and had 50 IT workers worked for me.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIn manufacturing workplace, managers often handle multiple projects with different priorities. They are very busy dealing with a wide range of issues, both inside and outside the company. They need to have all information so they can make decision quickly. That is why they depend on the IT department to collect data, analyze them, and organize them into information for them. Some managers are nice and pleasant to work with, some are not. In this job, I learn to work with all types and levels of people, trying to understand their needs, what is the problem, analyzing issues, and, hopefully, fixing them quickly.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cProblem analysis requires a lot of efforts to understand the complex and interwoven dependencies that are typical in any large company. IT workers have to gather data about systems and analyze data in a systematic way. We have to solve small problems as well as big ones. Sometime it takes few weeks, sometime few months. We receive a constant stream of requests that we must do. We analyze issues, follow-up on complaints, keep the system running, and also \u2018fix\u2019 things when they happen. All of these require a lot of management skills. Every day, I have to deal with an array of IT issues that are the heart of the business. If they are not solved quickly, the business will not be able to operate. Now I know how IT system is so important to the business. Now I appreciate how important is our data to your business. Only at this time, I know how IT is so critical to every company.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cLet me give you some examples: If a customer fails to pay on time, the computer knows and automatically sends out a \u201creminding email\u201d. Within three days, if the company does not receive the money, the computer issues a \u201cwarning email\u201d and stops all product shipment to that customer. Our company uses a lot of raw materials; over one hundred different types come from over five hundred suppliers. Each day, suppliers ship raw materials to our seven factories in different locations. The computer monitors every truck, every shipment and every order. If the truck is late more than fifteen minutes, we were informed. If more than half hour, the computer sends out request to trucking managers to check on the problem and the factory managers are also informed. A late shipment could delay the assembly line, could impact the manufacturing process and delay shipping products to customers. If we do not ship, we do not get paid. Without some raw materials, production may stop and you have over hundred thousand workers with nothing to do. It could be a disaster. That is why IT systems are so critical. With GPS, our computer can track every truck, where they are and what happen when they are late. Our IT systems and network represent the heart of the business, and IT workers are the ones who know it the best, because they spend most of their time keeping the IT system running. They are always there to solve problems that might arise or figure out new ways to do things.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople who do not understand IT often thought computer system costs a lot and IT workers are a group of \u201cGeek\u201d playing computer games. In reality, we work very hard and making money for the company. Imagine that if our IT systems shutdown for one hour, it would cost the company million dollars. Imagine if the entire IT system in the world shutdown for one day. The entire business world will not be able to function.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cI have been working for this company for eight years. I know more about company business than most people but every day I also learn something new. I keep my technical knowledge current by taking additional training. I always remember your advice that we need to have a lifelong learning habit so I read a lot. I also go to your website at CMU, follow your blog to learn the latest technology trends.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cLast month, the company president called me to his office; I thought it was just another meeting that he asked me to get him some data so I did not pay attention. To my surprise, my boss and other vice presidents were there. They also invited my parents to come there too. The president announced that since IT was so important to the company, they need to have a Chief Information Officer (CIO) to manage all IT systems and that person is me. How can a young person like me get into the executive ranks? The president said: \u201cYou have the knowledge of all business operations; you have demonstrated the ability to handle many tasks at the same time; you remain calm under a lot of pressures; you get along with everyone in this company; you have solved many problems for us and for our customers; and the best thing among all, you still have the most current technical skills. When we update several computer systems, you are the only one who knows all the technical details. Your knowledge about information is precious. There is no one better than you. I and all the managers of this company believe in you!\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIt was a great surprise and I was so glad to see that my parents were so proud of me. At that time, I knew that I have made the right decision. I thought about your advice: \u201cMoney will come and go; job will come and go, but nothing is more precious than having parents, live near them, visit them and taken care of them when they are still alive. Make them proud that they have raised a good child.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cDear professor, I will never forget that. In my life, there were time I questioned my decision but now there is no doubt that I have made the right decision to get a job that allow me to be near my parents. If I move to California to work for a software company, I will never have this moment. As of my friends, today they are still writing code and managing software projects.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cDear professor, those are my experience that you can share with current students. I also have some suggestions: The current IT programs do not teach skills that the industry needs such as communicating and motivating others; delegating tasks fairly and efficiently; resolving various kinds of conflicts; changing their focus from being the person who does the task to the person who gets the task done; understand the company long-term vision and strategies. In my opinion, these skills should be taught. A better way to learn these skills is to have students spending summer working in this kind of environment. We need more skilled workers and I will be back at CMU to hire some of our finest students. I like to see you again.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u01b0a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, em bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1805"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1806,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805\/revisions\/1806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}