{"id":178,"date":"2013-06-17T19:45:45","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T12:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=178"},"modified":"2013-06-21T11:07:16","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T04:07:16","slug":"nguoi-quan-li-kiem-thu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=178","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cSau khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong ba n\u0103m, em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Em sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hai c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau: c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m tra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian. V\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u00edt d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p, v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed chung.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u0169ng thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 qua ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: S\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda theo tu\u1ea7n; s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ch\u1ea1y, qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo tu\u1ea7n; c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i nh\u1ea5t?) v.v. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed g\u1eedi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Testing Manager<\/p>\n

A software tester wrote to me: \u201cAfter working as a software tester for three years, I was promoted to a Test Manager Position. I am happy for the new job and I want to be a successful Test manager but do not know what to do. Please advice.\u201d<\/p>\n

Answer: A software Test Manager must know how to balance between two different viewpoints: Customer view and Tester view.<\/p>\n

Test Manager must know how to negotiate with customers for the testing criteria to make sure they meet expectations. Test manager must be familiar with customer requirements to provide software developers a complete view of the product and how it works. Once the product is defined, the testing effort can verify how well the product meets the requirements.<\/p>\n

Test Manager must develop test plan for the project and decide when the software product is ready to be delivered to customers based on a defined quality criteria. It is important for testers to prioritize their testing so that the product can be release on time. Since very few projects have enough time to do everything, getting the testers enough information for what and when to test is a very important role for the test manager. The test manager should be able to discuss, mentor, and train testers on general testing techniques.<\/p>\n

Basically, a Test manager must work closely with project manager to plan all tests during the development, and know what skills and training are needed and be able to hire testers based on current and future testing needs. The test manager also gathers project information such as number of defect, test pass rates, and other meaningful data. For example: Number of defect find and fixed by week; number of tests planned, run, passed by week; defects found per function (which functions have the most defects?) etc. The test manager gathers information and present to management on the product ship criteria so they can make decision on whether the product is ready to ship to customers or not.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cSau khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong ba n\u0103m, em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=178"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":180,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178\/revisions\/180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}