{"id":1759,"date":"2013-07-03T17:05:43","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T10:05:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1759"},"modified":"2013-07-03T17:05:43","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T10:05:43","slug":"nguoi-quan-li-cntt-thanh-cong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1759","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CNTT kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang h\u1ecd, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd b\u1ecb “b\u1ecf r\u01a1i” v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 sau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ca ng\u1ee3i h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i trung th\u1ef1c v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi t\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng hay n\u00e2ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n “C\u00e1m \u01a1n b\u1ea1n” hay “B\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t” c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cM\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00e1m \u01a1n bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t?\u201d R\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u01a1 tay. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1m \u01a1n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1m \u01a1n h\u1ecd?\u201d \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chung trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 k\u00e9m kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hay to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n?\u201d T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn ra ch\u00e2n l\u00ed: \u201cTh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u201d v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ca ng\u1ee3i t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201ct\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u201d l\u00e0: \u00dd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng; tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3; trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean; v\u00e0 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn b\u00ean trong t\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111i theo c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng nhau. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1edfi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. V\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, h\u1ecd tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho duy nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch l\u1eabn nhau. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 cho l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1eafng nghe t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd n\u00ean th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00e1c tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng s\u1ef1 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ecfi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi cho t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n cho tham d\u1ef1 v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o v\u1edbi t\u1ed5. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tin c\u1eady t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u01b0ng \u00edt gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 ng\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 l\u00ean ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed5. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n t\u1ed5, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd gia t\u0103ng cho c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c sang c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng may \u00edt c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00f4ng ti. Tu\u1ef3 theo s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ea5p cao (n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p) hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eadp s\u1ef1 (n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh). Qua th\u1eddi gian, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eadp s\u1ef1 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea5p cao r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. V\u1edbi t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, l\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea3nh quan ba chi\u1ec1u: Chi\u1ec1u cao hay t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. Chi\u1ec1u ngang hay kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u hay tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n trong c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1eadp s\u1ef1 t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ea5p cao r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y sang khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Chi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ti\u1ebfn sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea1y ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, r\u1ed3i nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m sang ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u0129 s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1eadp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n) r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, r\u1ed3i gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c CNTT.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ti; \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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Succesful IT Manager<\/p>\n

The success of every Information Technology (IT) project is depending on the efforts of project team members. What team members want is to be appreciated for the works they do. If IT project manager does not appreciate them, many would feel as though they are \u2018abandoned\u2019 and things can go bad afterward. A good manager always monitors the team\u2019s progress and praises them for their good works. Of course, he has to be honest because this activity cannot be forced, but come from a genuine relationship with the team.<\/p>\n

Reward such as bonus or raise in salary are good, however a simple “Thank you” or “You are doing a good job\u201d is also necessary. The issue is many managers do not know how to say these simple phrases. Few months ago, I taught a management course for software managers, I asked: \u201cHow many time each week do you thank your people for doing good jobs?\u201d Very few people raise their hands. One manager said: \u201cThey got paid to do their jobs; they should thank us because they had jobs. Why do we have to thank them?\u201d This is the common attitude among arrogant and less experienced managers. So I asked another question: \u201cWhat will happen when a project failed? Would the company owner fire the project manager or the entire project team?\u201d Of course, no company would fire all workers and keep the managers. Unless project managers realize the truth: \u201cThe success of a project is depending on the efforts of the project team\u201d and willing to change their attitude, they will not advance any further. Most successful and experienced managers understand this and they have different attitude. They said: \u201cI would be very careful of any criticism but never hesitate in praising my team.\u201d<\/p>\n

The key ingredients to build an \u201ceffective project team\u201d are: Sense of direction; trust and support; good communication among members; and recognition within the team. If all members share the same vision, they all move toward the same direction. If they trust and willing to support each other then there will not be any conflicts among team members. If they frequently share information with each other then everybody know each other\u2019s progress and how the project is working. If they receive recognitions among themselves then they are motivated to move forward together. All of these things depend on the skills of the project manager. A project manager must know how to set vision, motivate the team and encourage them to work together toward the project goals.<\/p>\n

Team\u2019s motivation is the will to act together. Of course, people are motivated by different things. Some people are motivated by sense of accomplishment, other by job satisfaction. For most software developers, they are quality work and higher productivity. Motivation should not be left to only the project manager. It is everyone\u2019s responsibility to motivate each other. No developer wants to do low quality work but they need enough time to make sure their works are of high quality. It is the project manager to support them to achieve their quality works by allowing them to have enough time. This is why project manager must estimate project schedule correctly and does not yield to pressure from customers or senior managers. A good project manager never set schedule alone but always works with team members so the final schedule is the team\u2019s collective decision. It is important, for project manager to listen to the team and their recommendations. Together, they should discuss various options but in the end it should be the team\u2019s agreement and commitment to support the final schedule.<\/p>\n

Even when the project team is working well, adding new members could disrupt the team dynamics. That is why a good project manager always asks the team to participate in selecting new members for the team and does not make the sole decision. It is the team\u2019s collective decision on whom do they want to join them and allow time for the new member to feel welcome to the team. The Project manager\u2019s job is to maintain a balance in the project by trust the team to do their works. Too much monitoring may make members feel uncomfortable but less monitoring also make the team feels like they are abandoned. Small things like sitting down often with team members to discuss project\u2019s progress is much better than asking each member to go to the manager\u2019s office to make report on their progress. It shows that the manager is friendly, care for them and as part of the team not someone outside the team. Every project manager must show that he is involved in the project rather than removed from it. This is such an important aspect because manager must constantly reflect on how individuals, as well as the whole team, have contributed to the project and the company.<\/p>\n

Salaries for team members should reflect their skill and the value that they add to the company. Project manager must set career paths for all team members based on their skills and experiences. This is essential because if team members know what would help them to advance, they will stay longer rather than change job to another company. Unfortunately few companies have identified a clearly defined career path for their developers. Many people are promoted based on the relationship rather than their skills and experienced. Many people are promoted into management without proper trainings and a sense of accomplishment. This is a major issue why so many projects failed, they did not fail because the technical issues but mostly on the incompetent of the managers.<\/p>\n

Basically in most IT companies, newly IT graduates could start as testers to learn more about the way software is developed in the company. Depend on the number of projects and time to gain experience; they will get promoted to senior testers (If they want to be professional testers) or junior developer (If they want to do programming). Over time, junior developers should be promoted to senior developers then technical leaders. For each position, salary must be adjusted accordingly so people feel that they are adding value to the company as well as contributed to company\u2019s business success. It is the job of the project manager to identify potential people for promotion, to help them to become professional by providing them opportunity to advance their career\u2019s growth.<\/p>\n

A technical career path is very simple. It is usually based on a three-dimension perspective: Height or functional growth. Width or Functional differentiation, and Depth or knowledge and skills. Functional growth implies the career an employee can make from one position to higher position in the same area. For example: junior tester to senior tester then test manager. Functional differentiation implies the career an employee can make from one area to another area. For example: tester to developer then to quality assurance, or project manager. The third dimension of knowledge and skills implies a much more specialize into professional experts. For example: Test manager to Test instructor, then Test consultant. Developer to Designer, Architect, then Technical Leader. Software architect to System architect and Chief Architect then Chief Engineer. Project manager to Portfolios manager (More than one project) then program manager then IT Director.<\/p>\n

In order to build good quality software products and services, senior managers must spend time developing their own people inside the company; appreciate their contributing and providing them with a good career path. That is the best and only way to grow the company.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1759"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1760,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759\/revisions\/1760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1759"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}