{"id":1720,"date":"2013-07-03T16:31:33","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T09:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1720"},"modified":"2013-07-03T16:31:33","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T09:31:33","slug":"nam-va-nu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1720","title":{"rendered":"Nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 2011, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 h\u01a1n nam nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00edt h\u01a1n. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y trong n\u0103m 2010, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 140,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 nam, trong khi ch\u1ec9 90,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 97% s\u1ed1 n\u1eef c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m so v\u1edbi 86% nam. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cC\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u01b0a th\u00edch thu\u00ea n\u1eef h\u01a1n nam v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t n\u1eef v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nhanh h\u01a1n nam. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1eef c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1eef l\u00e0m k\u0129 thu\u1eadt trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong khi nam \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, n\u1eef h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc theo nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau trong l\u00fac nam hi\u1ebfm khi mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho n\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, n\u1eef sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nam sinh vi\u00ean. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 hay k\u00ec thi trong khi nam th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1edbi ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nam c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n; h\u1ecd h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trong l\u1edbp h\u01a1n n\u1eef. Khi n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecfi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 trong khi nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u00fap b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 cho h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, n\u1eef bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, hay c\u00e1c tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1edd cho t\u1edbi ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, nam c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “giao t\u00e1c”. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o “vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3”. N\u1eef c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “quan h\u1ec7” m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p sau. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng l\u1eafng nghe nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0o. Trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u trong t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed so v\u1edbi nam v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nhanh h\u01a1n nam.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho n\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00edch l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Men and women<\/p>\n

According to a 2011 university study, there were more women enrolling in college in the U.S than men but number of women study science and technology was still less. The study found in 2010, there were 140,000 bachelor’s degrees in technology fields went to men, while only 90,000 went to women. However, 97% of these women had job offers compare with 86% of men. The study concluded: \u201cThe chance for women who study technology and get good job offer is excellence.\u201d<\/p>\n

This conclusion also confirmed another study last year that technology companies prefer to hire women than men and often promote women to management much faster than men. The study found that women had better soft-skills than men, especially in the technology area where soft-skills were important. Technical women communicated better and often collaborated with others when men preferred to work alone and did not like to share information with co-workers.<\/p>\n

Among college students, women who study technology often study in group and help each other when men rarely want to associate with anyone and often avoid teamwork. Because college works are overwhelming with more materials to learn so time management is critical. In that situation, women students organized their time better than men. They often planned ahead for homeworks or exams where men often waited until the last minute and crammed all night before exams. However, men tended to be more assertive; they asked more questions in class than women. When women did not understanding materials from class, they tended to ask their friends rather than professors when men would not hesitate and went direct to professor and asked questions. Another common issue among women students was the tendency to help others before helping themselves. Many would spend more time to help someone in need sometime even lost precious time for them to study.<\/p>\n

However, the study found that when approaching the last year of college, women always looked a step ahead and planned their strategy for the future. They identified internship, graduate schools, or other interesting options well in advance. They often found out what it would take to be admitted to these programs and put in the effort needed. Men often wait until the last minute and relied more on their aggressiveness in finding works.<\/p>\n

At work, men tend to use a “transactional” approach. It is direct, straight to the point, get to the conclusion then emphasize on “his accomplishments”. Women tend to use a “relational” approach which is indirect, more careful approach, they want to build a relationship first and then getting down to the business details later. They do not like to go straight to the point but listen more to the reaction before making any conclusion. In business, women are much better in finance, organizing and management than men because they understand relationships. Basically, their approach is more effective and that is why more women are promoting into management much faster than men.<\/p>\n

More than ever, the chance for advancing in technology careers is excellence for women, especially if they know foreign language. The secret to a successful career in science and technology is to find a position that you like to do and are good at. As technology will change many things, students should continue to explore and find what suits you.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 2011, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 h\u01a1n nam nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1720"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1721,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1720\/revisions\/1721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}