{"id":1685,"date":"2013-07-03T15:54:45","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:54:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1685"},"modified":"2013-07-03T15:54:45","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:54:45","slug":"hoc-trong-du-an-capstone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1685","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone c\u1ee7a em kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang em ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o tranh c\u00e3i l\u1eabn nhau; ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 em th\u1ea5y th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. Em kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc li\u1ec7u em c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n Capstone ch\u00fat n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng. Em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: Capstone l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong ba n\u0103m qua \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone, b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. B\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; l\u1eadp \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c; ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; chia nh\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n; x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u; ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ed3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd. B\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ed5; c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau trong Capstone s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 b\u1ecb \u1ed1m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n? T\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a anh ta \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 b\u1ecb \u1ed1m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec? B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng tham gia \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5? Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i mu\u1ed9n, b\u1ecf h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5, ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n s\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ecf qua v\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf qua pha ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ecf thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng? B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i t\u1eebng pha, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sai hay c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 \u0111i ch\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu hay s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c? Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, trong khi t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu. L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m xong nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. &#8220;L\u00e0m xong&#8221; c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n? Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;Ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m xong nh\u01b0ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh\u201d l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Xin nh\u1edb cho r\u1eb1ng Capstone l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh v\u00e0i n\u0103m thu nh\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o &#8220;t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng, hay b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ai \u0111\u00f3? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u00f3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf c\u00f4ng ti n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<p>Capstone l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 trong k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o v\u00e0 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua. Cho t\u1edbi gi\u1edd khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00f4i mong \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3 s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Capstone cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng; c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p; c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c; c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin; v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng trung th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng tin sai \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n. N\u00f3i ch\u00e2n l\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u00ean t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3i ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o gi\u1eef y\u00ean t\u0129nh. Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 anh h\u00f9ng; \u0111\u1eebng ki\u00eau c\u0103ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i lo \u00e2u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong Capstone ch\u00fat n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o t\u1ed5 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed; kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Sau r\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng ai mong \u0111\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1eebng lo ngh\u0129 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;-English version&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Learning in Capstone project<\/p>\n<p>A student wrote to me: \u201cMy Capstone project is not going well. We waste a lot of time in arguments among ourselves; our progress is very slow and I am frustrated. I am not sure if I need Capstone at all. I do not see any benefits in this activity. Please advice.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Answer: Capstone is the last school project before graduation where you practice what you have learned in the past three years to develop your skills and your character. In Capstone project, you learn how to work in team as well as solving some technical issues. You learn about obtaining requirements; analyze customers\u2019 needs; negotiate with customers; set priority for works; distribute tasks among team members. You also learn to plan a project; breakdown large works into smaller tasks; determine efforts, time and schedule; architect an information system, design then build the actual software product for a customer.<\/p>\n<p>There are many things that you will learn in Capstone project if you pay attention. You learn how to present a concept to customers; how to build a project team; how to motivate the team; how to negotiate requirement priority; how to manage changes in project. Many things will happen during this time and impact the progress of the project. You must learn how to deal with them to maintain the project momentum. What you learn and how much you learn in Capstone will determine your future skills as well as your professional character.<\/p>\n<p>For example, what will happen if a team member is sick and cannot participate for several weeks? It is possible for the team to reorganize their works to take over his work in order to keep the project ongoing?<\/p>\n<p>What will happen if two team members are sick at the same time? This will definitely slow the project down. What should team members do? By learning how to solve this\u00a0 problem, you develop your organization and management skills. What will happen if a team member does not participate fully with the team? This member often comes in late, misses team meetings, complains about the works, and criticizes others for not sharing information? How do you deal with a member like that? By learning how to deal with difficulty person, you develop your leadership skills.<\/p>\n<p>What will happen if you estimate that the project needs ten weeks to complete but customer only give you six weeks? Would you accept customer\u2019s timeline? Would you skip few activities to make the project meets schedule? Would you compromise the quality by skipping testing phase? Would you abandon design and start coding? By learning how to deal with a very tight schedule, you develop negotiation skills.<\/p>\n<p>What will happen if by the end of each phase, the result is evaluated against the plan and it does not match? This is where you learn that it is rarely to get a result that precisely meets the original planned. Either you estimate wrong or unexpected events happen that require the team to deviate from the plan. This is where you learn how to track progress and improve your planning skills.<\/p>\n<p>What will happen if the team is unclear about whether the project is a prototype or a working product? Customers expect to receive a software product, while the project team assumes that they are building a prototype. How do you solve this different expectation? This is where you learn how to improve your requirements analysis and specifications skills.<\/p>\n<p>What will happen if the team considers that the project is done but the customer does not agree. What is \u201cDone\u201d means to you? The symptom of \u201cNinety percent of a project is done but the final ten per cent can take months to finish\u201d is quite common. This is where you learn about the boundaries of the project and improve your project planning skills so the project can be closed, once it has reached these boundaries.<\/p>\n<p>Please remember that Capstone is the time for you to learn and develop your skills: You have spent several years acquiring knowledge, now is the time to apply it to a \u201creal situation\u201d. This is also the time to build your soft-skills as they are part of your character. Are you remaining calm under stressful situation? Do you accept your mistake, or do you blame somebody else? Are you willing to accept your role and be responsible for what you do? There are so many things you can ask yourself in a Capstone project. Your answers and your attitude will determine your future professional character. When you have a deep knowledge and strong professional ethic than you can move forward to a better career, better position. Only with an ethical and professional attitude ,you can do good things to your company and to your society. You need these skills and experience to advance yourself in this fast changing world. It is common that you will make mistakes, but I rather see that you make mistake in school where you could learn from it than making mistake at a company where your job depending on how well you perform.<\/p>\n<p>Capstone is the time where you build a strong foundation both in technical skills and characters. In my opinion, the character is more important than your skills. A good technical skill without strong character, without strong ethic would be a disaster for any company and society. We have seen many examples of unethical people in the financial and banking industries in past few years. So far the technology sector is still pure and I wish it will stay that way.<\/p>\n<p>Capstone allows you to work with many people as you have many things to learn from each other to develop your character. How do you act; how do you deal with pressure; how do you collaborate; how do you share information; and how do you help each other will shape your professional character. This is the time where you learn a lot of soft-skills. You must learn how to speak clearly, eloquently but also honestly. Never make promise that you cannot keep. Never use false information to get what you want. Speak the truth quietly and never do anything against your conscience. You learn when to speak your mind and when to keep quiet. Remember that team harmony is important and sharing a common goal is the direction. Do not act like a hero; do not get arrogant as nobody can succeed without others. You are working in a team and team is more important than an individual.<\/p>\n<p>There is often anxiety concerning whether any good result can be produced in Capstone at all. As long as the team produces good works by deliver software that work well and passes all tests; customer will accept it as a working product. After all, this is a school project and team members are students. No one expect perfection here. Do not worry too much about the result as long as you have done your best.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone c\u1ee7a em kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang em ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o tranh c\u00e3i l\u1eabn nhau; &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1685"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1686,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1685\/revisions\/1686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}