{"id":1671,"date":"2013-07-03T15:42:31","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:42:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1671"},"modified":"2013-07-03T15:42:31","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:42:31","slug":"bat-dau-cuoc-chien-tai-nang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1671","title":{"rendered":"B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0i n\u0103ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb \u00a0\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 m\u1edbi” h\u01a1n 40 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a 500 c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao nh\u01b0 Intel, Google v\u00e0 eBay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, 214 trong 500 c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u0129 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp l\u00e0 d\u00e2n nh\u1eadp c\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00edch d\u1eabn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 kinh doanh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u01b0u \u00fd: \u201cBa m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u1ea7u sang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1edfi kinh doanh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u1ea7u sang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0y nay thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti do ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp l\u1edbn h\u01a1n GDP (t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i) c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i M\u0129, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.\u201d C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti do ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p thu nh\u1eadp $1.8 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9 ph\u00fa v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 \u1edf M\u0129, qu\u00e1 hai ph\u1ea7n ba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0.<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Apple, Google, AT&T, Budweiser, Colgate, eBay, General Electric, IBM, v\u00e0 McDonalds \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 hay con c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0. Steve Jobs l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 t\u1eeb Syria. Walt Disney l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 t\u1eeb Canada, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Oracle (Nga) IBM (\u0110\u1ee9c), Clorox (Ireland), Boeing (\u0110\u1ee9c), 3M (Canada) v\u00e0 Home Depot (Nga). Trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf thung l\u0169ng Silicon, tr\u00ean 65% do ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1edf h\u1eefu. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ti \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, hai ph\u1ea7n ba sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u1edf m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u0129. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i, \u0111em theo k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u0129 \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i qui ch\u1ebf visa F-1 v\u00e0 H-1B \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

\u0110i nhanh h\u01a1n M\u0129, Canada \u0111ang m\u1edf c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT. N\u0103m nay (2012), Canada l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb 240,000 v\u00e0 265,000 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 2010, Canada \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 visa v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00ean 7% ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u1edf trong s\u1ed1 cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u00e2n nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang Canada v\u1edbi 32,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui ch\u1ebf c\u01b0 d\u00e2n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u1edf Canada n\u0103m 2010.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Canadian n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n s\u0129. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. M\u1eb7c cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf Canada \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 m\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: Vi\u1ec7c \u201cch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp \u0111i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i.\u201d M\u1eb7c cho ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n xin visa v\u00e0o M\u0129 v\u00e0 Canada \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The beginning of talent war<\/p>\n

According to a report from the \u201cPartnership for a New American Economy\u201d more than 40 percent of the top 500 companies in the U.S were founded by immigrants. Beside top technology companies such as Intel, Google and eBay that were created by immigrants, 214 of the 500 largest companies in the U.S also had immigrant founders.<\/p>\n

The report cited the fact that most immigrants were studying technology and science when most U.S students preferred to study business and finance. The report noted: \u201cThirty years ago, wealth was created mostly by business and finance but since then most wealth were created by technology. Since more immigrants and foreigners are studying science and technology, they had the advantage. Today revenue generated by companies founded by immigrants is greater than the GDP (gross domestic product) of every country in the world outside the U.S., except China and Japan.\u201d Companies owned by immigrants had combined revenues of $1.8 trillion. Among the billionaires and millionaires in the U.S, more than two third were immigrants.<\/p>\n

All well known companies such as Apple, Google, AT&T, Budweiser, Colgate, eBay, General Electric, IBM, and McDonalds were founded by immigrant or the child of an immigrant. Steve Jobs was a child of an immigrant from Syria. Walt Disney was the child of an immigrant from Canada, as well as the founders of Oracle (Russia) IBM (Germany), Clorox (Ireland), Boeing (Germany), 3M (Canada) and Home Depot (Russia). Among successful technology companies in Silicon Valley, over 65% owned by Indian and Chinese immigrants. Most of them were foreign students studied in the U.S. and decided to stay and established companies here.<\/p>\n

Today, two-thirds of the graduates in science and engineering fields are foreigners. Foreign students with master\u2019s degrees and Ph.D are a majority in every U.S Schools. The issue is current law limits them to stay here permanently causing some to leave, taking their skills and education with them. That is why President Obama and the U.S Congress are working to change the F-1 and H-1B visas to attract foreign skilled workers by allowing them to stay permanently in the U.S.<\/p>\n

Moving faster than the U.S. Canada is opening its doors to IT skilled workers. This year (2012), Canada plans to admit between 240,000 and 265,000 new permanent residents, especially for people with degree in science and technology. Between 2005 and 2010, Canada has increased its permanent visas to foreigners by 7% mostly to IT skilled workers, entrepreneurs, self-employed, investors. Indians were among the highest numbers of immigrants who moved to Canada with 32,000 Indians who gained permanent residence status in Canada in 2010.<\/p>\n

A Canadian government officer said: \u201cFor skilled professionals, our new immigration policy is very good. Many immigrants have done well in this country as entrepreneurs, executives, and academicians. There are many success stories that these people contributed to our economy. Despite the global slowdown, many sectors of the Canadian economy have been showing strong growth and many were from immigrants businesses\u201d.<\/p>\n

The new immigration policies from western countries have created issues with China and India as they also need to have skilled workers to build their economies. A Government officer complained: The \u201cBrain-drain\u201d supported by western governments is stealing our talents, hurt our economy and should be stopped\u201d. Despite the complain, the number of application for visas to the U.S and Canada has been increasing steadily since the announcement was made. It seems that the talent war has begun.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb \u00a0\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c v\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 m\u1edbi” h\u01a1n 40 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a 500 c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf M\u0129 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1671"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1672,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1671\/revisions\/1672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}