{"id":1663,"date":"2013-07-03T15:31:23","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1663"},"modified":"2013-07-03T15:32:56","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T08:32:56","slug":"loi-khuyen-khac-ve-bat-dau-cong-ti-rieng-cua-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1663","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cY\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng – ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb hay v\u1eadn may? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p: Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u. Cho d\u00f9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t l\u1eafm, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau. C\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00ec sao b\u1eadn t\u00e2m? Steve Jobs n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe theo nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi v\u1eadn may c\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadn may x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng may. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u1eadn may, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng? Hay b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c may th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n ao \u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n may m\u1eafn th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti? M\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u00e0 mua v\u00e9 s\u1ed1 hay \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u00edt n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m. Khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf. Khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf. Khi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 mua v\u00e9 x\u1ed5 s\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 m\u01a1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n tin v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng coi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin v\u00e0o \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110am m\u00ea \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea – Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m nom v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t b\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Steve Jobs v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Apple, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n, t\u1edbi gi\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t b\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Bill Gates v\u1ec1 Microsoft v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf M\u0129, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t b\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Mark Zuckerberg v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhau, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn hay h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qua Facebook. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 80 gi\u1edd t\u1edbi 120 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng (B\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh) l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n y\u00eau th\u00edch th\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang n\u00ean l\u00e0m. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, Bill Gates v\u00e0 Paul Allen, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Microsoft, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf l\u1edbp \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. H\u1ecd d\u00f9ng th\u1ebb sinh vi\u00ean \u201cgi\u1ea3\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i trong l\u1edbp m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb b\u1eaft nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd \u0111i v\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 16 tu\u1ed5i. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd y\u00eau th\u00edch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc. Chung cu\u1ed9c, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ra ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p hai h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecf l\u1edbp; \u0111i v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea internet \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u00f2ng chat, ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i m\u01a1 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh. B\u1ecf l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi hay ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Bill Gates v\u00e0 Paul Allen l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Microsoft. Bill c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Harvard v\u00e0 Paul c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 nh\u1ea1c rock (B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Paul Allen l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 rock ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i ghi ta \u1edf ban nh\u1ea1c rock \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.)<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi Steve Jobs: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao v\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 khi \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n th\u1ebf?\u201d Steve n\u00f3i: \u201cTi\u1ec1n ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thanh nh\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i \u0111i. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bill Gate v\u00e0 Paul Allen \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u Microsoft b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh cho Altair Computer. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Altair Computer kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i mua ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00f4ng ti g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n th\u00ec Bill Gates nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng IBM c\u0169ng \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Apple. Anh ta ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn IBM \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. IBM t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i g\u1eb7p anh ta b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng Bill v\u1eabn kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng \u0111\u00f2i g\u1eb7p c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a IBM. L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, IBM n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Bill kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng anh ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a anh ta \u1edf Seattle \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Anh ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Seattle \u0111\u1ec3 mua h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la r\u1ed3i b\u00e1n n\u00f3 cho IBM nh\u01b0 PC-DOS v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Bill v\u00e0 Paul \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra MS-DOS \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PC-DOS tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n cho IBM. B\u1edfi v\u00ec MS- DOS t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n PC-DOS, nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u01b0a th\u00edch n\u00f3 tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a IBM r\u1ed3i qua th\u1eddi gian, Microsoft chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng danh ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p t\u1eeb Microsoft.<\/p>\n

Microsoft \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u00f9ng MS-DOS. H\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n y\u00ean t\u0129nh trong hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean s\u00e0n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n (IPO). H\u1ecd tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng: \u201cC\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tr\u1ea3 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd b\u00e1n.\u201d N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Another advice on starting your own company<\/p>\n

A reader wrote to me: \u201cWhat is the most important factor to start your own company successfully – marketing or luck? Please advice.”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: As I have written in previous article, the most important factor in starting your own company is to have customers who are willing to pay for whatever you sell. Having customer is everything. Even if your product is not very good, you can improve it later. Having the best product but no customer is a waste of efforts and the way to file for bankruptcy. Of course, marketing and advertising are important but if you already have a lot of customers then why bother? Steve Jobs said: \u201cI never listen to advertising consultants or market research people. I focus on create the best products that people are willing to pay.\u201d He was right because you only need marketing and advertising when you need customers. In my opinion, having customer is everything and satisfies customers is the key to stay in business.<\/p>\n

Starting a company has nothing to do with luck. Some people believe that luck determines everything. If they fail, they say that they are not lucky. My question is if you have luck, do you need to have a good idea? Do you need to have good product? or do you need marketing? You only need to be lucky then everything will happen as you wish. If you know that you are lucky then why bother to start a company? All you have to do is to buy lottery ticket or invest in the stock market. It is easier and with less effort than starting a company.<\/p>\n

Some people start their own company with a single goal of making money. Most of them failed because they do not have the passion for what they do. When they face obstacles, they quit. When they have to work hard, they quit. When thing does not happen as they want, they quit. These people believe that starting a company is like buying a lottery ticket. If they make money, they also quit so they can go and enjoy. They do not love their work or passionate about their idea. They only dream of having money.<\/p>\n

To start a company, you must begin with what you believe in and have passion for the work you do. If you do not have passion for your work, people will notice and will not take you seriously. Without passion it is impossible to convince other people to believe in your idea. Passion motivates people, partners, investors and customers. People always notice passionate people – People who really care about their product and their ideas. If you watch Steve Jobs\u2019 talk about Apple products, you will notice his passion. He never mentioned money, being rich but only in making a difference \u2013 that is passion. If you watch Bill Gates\u2019 talk about Microsoft and how to put a computer in very home in the U.S, you can feel his passion. If you watch Mark Zuckerberg talk about connecting people together, hundred thousand or million people all connected through Facebook. That is passion.<\/p>\n

If you agree that working 80 hours to 120 hours a weeks for a year with no salary (You work for yourself) is needed to start your own company then you should do it. If you are excited in doing what you love then building your own company is the right thing to do. Even you may not succeed, you will learn more from it. If you fail, you will start another company again. With passion and determination, you have the right attitude to start your own company.<\/p>\n

Several years ago, Bill Gates and Paul Allen, the two founders of Microsoft, often skipped classes in high school to go to University of Washington to learn computer programming. They used \u201cFake\u201d student cards to sit in computer classes and accessed to school\u2019s computer systems. They got caught but the professor let them go because they were only 16 years old. They continued to do it again until they convinced the professor that they love programming and wanted to learn. Finally, the professor made exception to allow two high school students to stay in his class and used university\u2019s computer. Today, many students skip class; go to internet cafe to use chat room, play video games, and then dream of being movie stars. Skip class to learn new technology or new programming language is definitely not on their mind.<\/p>\n

It was the passion for programming that drove Bill Gates and Paul Allen to do what they did when they were young. If they think about making money, they probably would never create Microsoft. Bill probably stays in Harvard\u2019s Laws school and Paul probably became a rock musician (You probably do not know that Paul Allen was a rock musician who played guitar in a local rock band).<\/p>\n

If you do not have a passion for something, you cannot do it well. Few years ago, a journalist asked Steve Jobs: \u201cWhy working hard when you have so much money?\u201d Steve said: \u201cMoney never excites me but the journey, the excitement of creating an elegant product drive me. I would work for free just to enjoy it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bill Gate and Paul Allen started Microsoft with a single idea of develop programming language to Altair Computer. They worked nights and days for months to build the product. Altair Computer did not like their idea and refused to buy the program that they created. Without customer, the company of six people was almost bankrupt when Bill Gates heard that IBM was also building another computer to compete with Apple. He approached IBM to sell his product. IBM refused to see him four times but Bill still insisted to meet with IBM management. The fifth time, IBM said that they did not need a language compiler but an operating system. Bill did not have an operating system but he knew that one of his friends in Seattle had written one. He went back to Seattle to purchase that operating system for few thousand dollars then sold it to IBM as PC-DOS for much higher price.<\/p>\n

Bill and Paul improved the operating system and created MS-DOS to compete with the previous version PC-DOS that they sold to IBM. Because MS- DOS was better than PC-DOS, many customers preferred it over the IBM\u2019s product then overtime, Microsoft captured the market. As they built their reputation as a solid, reliable company with good software products, they began to expand their products and collaborated with other companies. They allowed them to create software products with licenses from Microsoft.<\/p>\n

Microsoft did not start as a big company. They were very small but they focused on having more customers, more users, and more collaborations with others. They formed a network of software companies using MS-DOS. They remained quiet for two years to build their customer\u2019s base before issued their initial public offering (IPO) of stocks. They followed a formula for success: \u201cHaving passion for what they do and have customers who are willing to pay for what they sell\u201d.If you want to start your own company, you can learn from these successful stories.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cY\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1663"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1665,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1663\/revisions\/1665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}