{"id":1623,"date":"2013-07-03T10:20:07","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T03:20:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1623"},"modified":"2013-07-03T10:20:07","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T03:20:07","slug":"tri-thuc-toan-cau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1623","title":{"rendered":"Tri th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sau khi t\u1edbi th\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi tuy\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cPh\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f4ng ti mong \u0111\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00e1c k\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m khi anh ta \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1eb3ng”. Sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi x\u1ecf. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00f2n, \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ph\u1eb3ng.\u201d Khi anh ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u anh ta ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1eb3ng” nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe n\u00f3i t\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ‘Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1eb3ng’ hay ‘To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1’. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u1edbp.\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb cho\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cB\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang em b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang em t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang em \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp; b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang em s\u1ebd ch\u0103m nom m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c.\u201d M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1eebng lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf hay \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u00fang em ch\u01b0a t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 “nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft” l\u00e0m sao l\u00e3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y nay, tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7; b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quanh b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean internet. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, v\u00e0 websites m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc; ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00fang cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1? Ch\u00fang em l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT), kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sinh vi\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf hay kinh doanh.”<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cC\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong 30 n\u0103m qua: to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21 b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 CNTT, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. CNTT \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kinh doanh. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean CNTT, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m qua, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n, b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n. Cho n\u00ean t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb M\u0129, Anh, Ph\u00e1p, t\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v.v. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n mua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o “ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9” n\u1eefa. Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i ch\u00ednh cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nguy\u00ean l\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng c\u0169ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i n\u01a1i chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c trong khi gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh doanh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t minh trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 robotic, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 qui tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c giao t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p l\u00ed ho\u00e1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho x\u1eed l\u00ed nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean l\u00ed n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u0169 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cD\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u01a1i c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u1ed1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, sang th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin, n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 thay th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea1nh tranh ngang qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua hai s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ecdn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh doanh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u t\u1edbi? N\u00f3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng nghe. Sinh vi\u00ean CNTT ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng ra kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 chuy\u00ean gia l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau cho n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. Sinh vi\u00ean CNTT ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi\u00a0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 hai d\u00f2ng ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1: \u201cTh\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cCung kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.\u201d N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nhanh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT l\u00ean cao \u1edf m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i s\u1edbm v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi M\u0129 c\u00f3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 4 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT nh\u01b0ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m 2010 v\u00e0 8 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m 2015. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o. Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 Canada v\u00e0 M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau tr\u00ean $200 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi $400 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi n\u1ebfu v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong n\u0103m tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 “ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch x\u1ea5u” v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111em nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m xa kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n M\u0129 cho n\u00ean ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf) thay v\u00ec kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. Trong danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 CNTT m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao, c\u00f3: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m; nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0); k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin; chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (SQA – \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, CM – qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, an ninh v.v.); ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n\u00a0 tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh\/ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean CNTT, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd hay \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1edbi. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: \u201cB\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?\u201d N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec \u201cKhi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng?\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Global knowledge<\/p>\n

After a visit to recruit students, a hiring manager told me: \u201cMost Asian students have very good technical knowledge but they only know what are taught in school. Very few know about things outside of their field of study. It seems that many do not follow global trends. That is a major weakness because today, company expects more from workers than just technical knowledge.\u201d He suggested that I encourage students to pay more attention to global trends.<\/p>\n

Another manager told me about a job interview when he asked an Asian student to comment on the \u201cflat world\u201d. The student thought it was a trick question. She said: \u201cThe world is round, not flat\u201d. When he explained that what he meant was the term \u201cFlat world\u201d as it is used in globalization. The student answered: \u201cI never heard of the term \u201cFlat world\u201d or \u201cGlobalization\u201d. They are not taught in our class.\u201d The hiring manager was shocked.<\/p>\n

When I mentioned about this situation to Asian students, one of them explained: \u201cOur parents told us to focus only on school works and do not pay attention to anything else. We are here to study; our parents will take care of other things.\u201d Another student said: \u201cWe are told to not worry about the economy or what happen somewhere else until we graduate. Our focus is strictly on school work.\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cWhat your parents advised you was not to let \u201cunnecessary things\u201d distract you from your study. They did not mean that you should ignore events that may impact your future. Today, technical knowledge is not enough; you need to have knowledge about the world around you. You need to understand the economy trends that will impact you. You need to know about globalization and how it operates since you are part of it. You need to know about industry trend as it influences your career. Today there is much information available on the internet. There are so many books, articles, and websites that you should read. You should not wait until graduate to learn about them. It will be too late. College is the time to learn; to develop skills and expand knowledge and to build your character. Only by having proper knowledge then you can make the right decision. Only by having broad knowledge than you can set the right direction for your career.\u201d<\/p>\n

A student asked: \u201cWhy do we need to know about globalization? We are information technology (IT) students, not economic or business students.”<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cThere are two things that change our world dramatically in the past 30 years: globalization and technology. The 21st century is dominated by globalization. But few people understand that globalization is rooted in Information Technology (IT). Without understand IT, you may not understand globalization and how technology enables the movement of ideas and products all over the world. IT is changing the way companies do business. As IT students, you need to know about this phenomenon so you can take advantage of it.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIn past hundred years, economists often advocated that the best way to grow the economy is to create more products, sell more things, and export more products. To do that a country needs more factories, more products, and more people or growing more jobs. So job creation is the symbol of a strong economy. Most developed countries were following this advice. From the U.S., UK, France, to Germany, Japan, S. Korea etc. Many factories were built, many products were developed to export and many jobs were created. When people have jobs, they want to buy more things so the economy is depending on the \u201cConsuming of things\u201d also. Export to outside market and consume in internal market are the main drivers for growing a strong economy.\u201d<\/p>\n

With globalization, the basic principle does not change but there is a subtle change that not many people notice. To continue growing, companies must expand their business because the world is a big market but it also leads to more competition among companies. To compete they have to lower costs and many companies outsource to overseas factories where cost is lower. In that case, companies are creating jobs in another country while reducing jobs at home. To grow the business, companies must invest in technology such as robotics, process automation that enabling efficient production of products and services. Efficiency also reduces number of labor jobs. Since speed is important as most business transactions are done by computer, companies must streamline all operations, using information technology to automate the flow of data for faster processing and decision making. This also reduces a lot of office jobs. Basically the fundamental principles of create more, sell more, export more to increase profits are still the same but it is no longer focusing on creating jobs anymore. Today, we are experiencing the unemployment of labor workers all over the world, especially in developed country but it began to spread to others as well.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe transition from the industrial age, where factory and labor workers dominate the business, to the information age, where information technology and automation replace labor workers already began. Globalization is about competition across borders. When people buy two similar products, most choose the one with the lower price. The company that has efficient solutions leading to lower priced products will succeed. The essence of this new business is not about job growth but efficiency. The question is where efficiency comes from? It came from information technology. Today companies are increasingly looking for workers who have, in addition to technical skills, solid business knowledge and soft skills such as communication and listening abilities. IT students must understand this need.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cCommunication skills are a requisite for all IT workers. Since companies are expanding all over the world, a strong skill in English language is necessary. Workers must understand business process, how it operates and how data flow across functional areas. Workers must also understand accounting and finance to build a deep knowledge of how the business is managed. Because technology is complex, it requires team of experts to work together so teamwork is another skill that every worker must have. IT Students must understand these requirements.\u201d<\/p>\n

Today, most companies cannot find enough skilled people to meet their needs. In every newspaper, there are often two different headlines: \u201cHigh unemployment\u201d and \u201cSupply is not keeping up with demand for skilled workers\u201d. If you look at the latest employment statistics, you will find that the number of demand for IT workers is growing at a faster rate than the overall workforce. That has pushed the salary for IT employment to an all time high, with no signs of slowdown anytime soon. Currently the U.S. has approximately 4 million IT workers but the demand is estimated at 5 million in 2010 and 8 million in 1015. Where do they find these people? IT outsourcing is only one possible solution. Another solution is changing immigration law to bring in skilled IT workers from another country. Last month both Canada and the U.S passed new laws to allow highly skilled workers to immigrate and work in their countries. Last year, the U.S alone spent over $200 billion dollars on IT outsourcing. It is predicted that it could go to $400 billion dollars in the next five years if the IT skilled workers could not be solved. However, in this election year, outsourcing is consider a \u201cbad policy\u201d as it means taking jobs away from its citizens so the U.S government stated that they prefer to have more skilled workers to come and work (and pay taxes) rather than to outsource. Among the list of critical IT occupations that are in high demand includes: Software project managers; Computer scientists (Architect); Software engineers; Business systems analysts; Information System Manager; Computer support specialists (SQA, CM, Security etc.); Database administrators, Network systems administrators; Data communications analysts; and computer programmers\/Testers. As IT students, you need to know about this trend too.\u201d<\/p>\n

With globalization, many IT workers may not work in their country or in local market. Some will work for global companies and probably being relocated to wherever there are demands. In that case, they must be prepared and ready when job opportunity come. My question is: \u201cAre you ready for this opportunity?\u201d If not then \u201cWhen will you be ready?\u201d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sau khi t\u1edbi th\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi tuy\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cPh\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u00f3 tri … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1623"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1624,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623\/revisions\/1624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}