{"id":1575,"date":"2013-07-03T09:47:35","date_gmt":"2013-07-03T02:47:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1575"},"modified":"2013-07-03T09:47:35","modified_gmt":"2013-07-03T02:47:35","slug":"viec-lam-cong-nghe-thong-tin-hom-nay-va-ngay-mai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1575","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin: H\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y mai"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi tu\u1ea7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT). M\u1ecdi th\u00e1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb M\u0129 t\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1ecd. V\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n “n\u00f3ng” nh\u01b0 v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf sinh vi\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c lan truy\u1ec1n tin \u0111\u1ed3n gi\u1ea3. \u00cdt ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 CNTT th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 CNTT cao h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u bu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i cho h\u1ecd l\u00ean l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c sang \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT? V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qui cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng CNTT thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. C\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u sai kh\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 sang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 hay Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c CNTT \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong m\u1ecdi khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m cho b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p CNTT tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n mong mu\u1ed1n trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao trong CNTT, sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Theo B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u0129, l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong CNTT (khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin) trong n\u0103m 2011 l\u00e0 $85,500 t\u1edbi $110,000. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean trong mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb $19,500 t\u1edbi $22,500. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n trung b\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u1eeb $28,500 t\u1edbi $34,800.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1edfi ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean trung h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 huynh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd: \u201c\u0110i ra v\u00e0 t\u00ecm khu v\u1ef1c con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng CNTT l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi CNTT v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd. V\u1ec1 trung b\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u00eam 3 n\u0103m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao CNTT hay gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c. Trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 kinh doanh trong t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh hay k\u1ebf to\u00e1n m\u1ea5t 8 t\u1edbi 12 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c. Tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin (CIO) \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 35 t\u1edbi 42 tu\u1ed5i khi so v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u00a0(CFO) tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 52 t\u1edbi 62 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn sai ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, ng\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, CNTT y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c r\u1ea5t cao gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT d\u00e0nh 2 t\u1edbi 3 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. Hollywood th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT nh\u01b0 “k\u1ebb si m\u00e1y t\u00ednh”, hay nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e2m trong phim \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “anh h\u00f9ng” v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n.\u201d \u1ede H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c rock” v\u00e0 “th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng” cho h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c bao la n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n xin v\u00e0o. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0a ra suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf M\u0129 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p k\u00edn v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean tin r\u1eb1ng CNTT li\u00ean quan ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1edbi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c v\u00ec l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c CNTT l\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng sinh vi\u00ean CNTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Chung cu\u1ed9c, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u CNTT, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111i v\u00e0o trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u1ea5t. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web, \u0111i\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c intranet v\u00e0 Internet. Khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u00ean trong h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch web, webmasters, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a “Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5” v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u cao. B\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t “n\u00f3ng” \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Khi nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111ang t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 qui tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 an ninh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 an ninh m\u1ea1ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao. Sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung, giao t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi v\u1eabn \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0m cho CNTT th\u00e0nh l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh. Khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a CNTT bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay “T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”; c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hay “m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc” v\u00e0 \u201ctr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o\u201d; c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 hay \u201cRobotics\u201d; c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm, khai ph\u00e1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trong “c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef”.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ph\u00edm hay chu\u1ed9t v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec3u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh d\u00f9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nhanh h\u01a1n. Ai bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u1eefa k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nay, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 “b\u1ea5m chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0 g\u00ec” b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u l\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Information Technology jobs: Today and tomorrow<\/p>\n

Every week somewhere in the world, there are reports about the shortage of Information Technology (IT) skilled workers. Every month in some cities, there are reports about the salary of IT workers keep getting higher. From the U.S. to Europe, from India to China the demand for IT workers is getting higher as universities could not produce enough of them. Yet at the same time, there are perceptions that IT is no longer \u201chot\u201d as few years ago which prompts students to select something else to study. A software company owner complained: \u201cIt may be a conspiracy of IT workers to keep their salaries higher by spreading false rumors. Fewer people study IT pushes demand for IT higher, which forces company to give them more raise, else they can leave to work for competitors.\u201d<\/p>\n

Why are such confusing views about IT jobs? Basically, it could be attributed to the fast changing IT market and the skill trainings in current education systems. There is a big gap between what industry needs and what university provides and unless it changes the problem will remain. There is another misconception that IT jobs would be gone because companies outsource everything to India or China. It is wrong because only some activities can be outsourced but many cannot and there are always plenty of available jobs in the market. Furthermore, the IT field has become more important in every area making IT degree a desirable asset in just about any industry and anywhere.<\/p>\n

With high demand in IT, students often ask what range of salaries graduates can get. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, starting salaries for those with a bachelor’s degree in IT (computer science, software engineering, Information system management) in 2011 was $85,500 to $110,000. In China, salary of graduates varied among cities, where Beijing and Shanghai could get higher, but they range from $19,500 to$22,500. In India the average ranges from $28,500 to $34,800.<\/p>\n

Today most IT graduates are finding good jobs but this information is not well understood by parents and high-school teachers who have influence over students\u2019 choice of what to study in college. The perception of job prospects is often an important consideration in selecting fields to study. Although I do not believe students should chose a field of study just based on job opportunities but they must select on their passion and capability. However, it is a fact that parents often tell their children: \u201cGo out and find an area where you can get a job and make a living.\u201d<\/p>\n

Students need to understand that IT is a field where you can advance much faster than others as technology keeps changing it pushes IT people into more strategic positions as there are few of them. On the average, it takes a software developer about 3 years to get into project manager position and 3 more years to get to IT senior manager or director. In business, it takes a business person in finance or accounting about 8 to 12 years to get to director position. The average age of Chief Information Officer (CIO) in the U.S and Europe is about 35 to 42 years old as compare to the similar position of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) average age is about 52 to 62 years old.<\/p>\n

Another major misperception is that IT workers often work alone, sit in front of a computer most of the time. In reality, IT requires incredibly collaborative among workers. It involves working in teams to solve problems, and on the average IT workers spend 2 to 3 hour each day on teamwork. Hollywood often portrait IT workers as \u201ccomputer nerds\u201d, or mad scientists in movies but in reality, IT workers are the most successful socially all over the world. In India, Software Engineers are considered \u201cHeroes\u201d and young girls often said: \u201cNo software degree, no marriage\u201d. In S. Korea, software developers in computer games industry are treated like \u201cRock stars\u201d and \u201cIdols\u201d with thousands of fans and followers.<\/p>\n

Today, career opportunities in information technology are plenty. The key factor is choosing which area of this vast field to go into and which training program to enroll in. The difference in degree programs offered reflects the diversity of the field itself, which is continually evolving. For example, there are over a million numbers of jobs in the U.S are currently unfilled and several million positions in European countries that could not find the right skilled people. A lot of students believe that IT is mostly associated with coding and testing but it is misleading because the IT field is much broader than that.<\/p>\n

Given the current need for more diversify aspects of information technology, I am confident IT students can look forward to a bright future in many years ahead. Eventually, every company will have to apply IT to improve the business, the more IT they use, the more IT workers they need to keep them updated with technology changes. Anybody looking to go into a career in information technology should not have any problem finding good positions.<\/p>\n

Finding job may be the easiest step in IT industry. Choosing among company offers and positions may require some thinking. Students must select the field that suits them most. Last year, one of the most popular openings was in network administration and Web development, which includes both intranet and Internet work. As companies expand into these environments to communicate and disseminate information, business units within them need webmasters and content developers to provide supports the expansion. With the advancement of \u201cSoftware as a Service\u201d and Cloud computing, the demand for graduates that have both technical and business skills are at all time high. Currently degrees in Information system management or Service management are very \u201chot\u201d in the U.S and Europe. As more business such as banking, financial institution are automating their process for better efficiency and security, Information management and network security people are in high demand. Students with IT skills in content development, business transaction and business intelligence often receive several job offers before they even graduate.<\/p>\n

As much as technology has already advanced to date, new areas are still emerging which make IT a fast growing field. The biggest emerging new areas of IT involves how people interface with computers or “Human Computing Interaction\u201d; How machine can learn and make decision or \u201cMachine leaning\u201d and \u201cArtificial Intelligence\u201d; How a machine can replace people to do certain tasks or \u201cRobotics\u201d; How to get the right information to the right people in search engine, text mining, speech recognition, and question answering in \u201cLanguage Technologies\u201d.<\/p>\n

In the near future, people may not have to use keyboard or mouse as most computers understand human languages. More people will be speaking with their computers or smart phones using voice activation and artificial intelligence software. The next generation of computer will understand your command and know how to think ahead so they can response to your needs faster. Who know that maybe ten years from now, students may ask professors \u201c’what is a mouse click?” because at that time most computers will understand voice command and do not need any other devices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi tu\u1ea7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-cong-nghe-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1575"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1576,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575\/revisions\/1576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}