{"id":153,"date":"2013-06-17T18:22:09","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T11:22:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=153"},"modified":"2013-06-17T18:22:09","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T11:22:09","slug":"giac-mo-cong-ti-khoi-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=153","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p “"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng sai c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p.” Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd l\u00e0 “nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p” b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” l\u00e0 “c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf” truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf hay ti\u1ec7m b\u00e1nh m\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. Nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, qui tr\u00ecnh hay m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m hay h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ki\u1ec3u “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, hay Mark Zuckerberg v.v.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0o. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v.v. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eebng ki\u1ec3u l\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ea3 hai ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). B\u1edfi l\u00ed do n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhi\u1ec1u “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p” m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o STEM, kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y “c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn” nh\u01b0 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i cho kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u00edt n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 “Thung l\u0169ng Silicon” v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7c cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n vay d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p nhanh h\u01a1n v.v. nh\u01b0ng \u00edch l\u1ee3i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u1edf ki\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, ti\u1ec7m c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, qu\u00e1n kem, ti\u1ec7m b\u00e1nh m\u00ec, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n l\u1ebb \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 STEM, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

The dream of “startup”<\/p>\n

There is a misleading use of the term \u201cStartup\u201d. Many people consider themselves as \u201cEntrepreneurs\u201d because they own a \u201cstartup\u201d so it is important to distinguish between the types of \u201cstartup\u201d.<\/p>\n

The first type of \u201cStartup\u201d is the traditional \u201csmall company\u201d that also provides products and services and creates jobs. For example, a person decides to open a small restaurant or a bakery and it can be considered a startup according to the definition. A restaurant provides jobs for some people and it has its own products and service. However its impact is limited to local market and economy.<\/p>\n

The second type of \u201cstartup\u201d is an innovation-driven company focused on global markets based on technological, process or business model innovation. This type has potential to create hundreds or even thousands of high-skill jobs. If they succeed they could has significant impact to the economy. Most of this type of \u201cstartup\u201d began in university, especially in the technology areas such as computer science or engineering. The founder is often someone who has both passion and skills in technology such as Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, or Mark Zuckerberg etc.<\/p>\n

I have seen people use the term \u201cstartup\u201d without clearly distinguish which types. Of course both types have similar challenges such as getting money, dealing with risks, and planning for growth etc. However, each type requires different trainings, education and support. Both types can help support the economy but at different levels and have different impacts. The traditional startup can help stabilize an economy by providing jobs for limited numbers of people. However the innovation type is particularly important because it can provide higher paying jobs for more people and helps accelerate economic growth.<\/p>\n

The foundation of innovation startup is education, especially in areas such as Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM). For this reason, to promote more \u201cstartup\u201d everything should start with the education system. Without a strong education that focuses on STEM, it is difficult to develop innovation startup. Most innovation startups are founded by people with special technology skills and often have college levels of education. Innovation startup often can be expanding quickly into global markets and could create more jobs for the economy. That is why every government is promoting \u201cinnovation startup\u201d as the driver for the economy but few succeed because they do not understand that in order to do that, they must start with the education system. Every country wants to have a \u201cSilicon valley\u201d with thousand of startups and million high paying jobs but despite government programs to help entrepreneurs with easy loan money, better tax incentives, faster permits etc. but the benefits is still the traditional startup type. You see more restaurants, coffee shops, ice cream parlors, bakeries, clothing stores, and mobile phone retailers but not many innovation startups. Unless the education system changes, unless more students are studying STEM, the chance of create more innovation startup would still be a dream.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng sai c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p.” Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd l\u00e0 “nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p” b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1edf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":154,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions\/154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}