{"id":1515,"date":"2013-07-02T20:56:43","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T13:56:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1515"},"modified":"2013-07-02T20:56:43","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T13:56:43","slug":"lam-viec-trong-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1515","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, d\u00f9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, tri th\u1ee9c t\u0103ng th\u00eam, hay ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. M\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m chung: Qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 cai qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed5. C\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi cho t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3 t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean t\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7t ra qui t\u1eafc h\u1ecdp m\u1ecdi \u0111\u00eam th\u1ee9 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 6:00 t\u1ed1i trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. M\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u l\u00fac 8:00 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i. T\u1ed5 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp r\u1ed3i. N\u1ebfu qui t\u1eafc thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp sang ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eebng thay \u0111\u1ed5i qui t\u1eafc, tr\u1eeb phi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i (ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ea1n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam th\u1ee9 n\u0103m). N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 theo ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi t\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tu\u00e2n theo qui t\u1eafc. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qui t\u1eafc, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nhau h\u01a1n. T\u1ed5 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng t\u1ea1o ra qui t\u1eafc l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tu\u00e2n theo ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u00edt sao th\u1ebf n\u00e0o theo qui t\u1eafc. Qui t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng vi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng qui t\u1eafc, t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gi\u00fap l\u1eabn nhau l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung. M\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. Trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean chia s\u1ebb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n chia hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh s\u00e1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00f3 cho t\u1ed5. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u00edt n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 gi\u00fap ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o\u00a0 ch\u00e9o khi ri\u00eang t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng nhau. M\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m qui t\u1eafc c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u00ean trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quay v\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 m\u1ecdi th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone hay nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho l\u1edbp. \u0110\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng t\u1ed5 thay v\u00ec gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u200e t\u1ed5 n\u00ean gi\u1eef k\u00edch c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf – b\u1ed1n t\u1edbi t\u00e1m th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. T\u1ed5 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi gia nh\u1eadp t\u1ed5 sau khi n\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia nh\u1eadp t\u1ed5. T\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n b\u1edfi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ba th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. Ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 xem li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay b\u00e1c b\u1ecf th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 v\u00ec c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3. Khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u1ecd nh\u1eafc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111em v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 g\u1eb7p th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5, \u0111i\u1ec1u khu\u1ea5y l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo \u00e2u, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t trong h\u1ecd l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu cam k\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ecf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5, hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1edb nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do gia nh\u1eadp t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham gia.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Working in team<\/p>\n

The purpose of a team is to achieve a goal, whether the goal is improved learning, increased knowledge, or complete a class assignment. Every team has one thing in common: The rules to govern itself. Rules are needed for the team to succeed, without it the team will fail. Rules are usually determined at the first meeting when members form team. Once established, rules are difficult to change. Changing team rules requires a lot of time and often makes members feel uncomfortable.<\/p>\n

For example, a team sets rule to meet every Thursday night at 6:00 PM in the library to study. All members agree on that time and date. Few weeks later, a member wants to switch to Friday at 8:00 PM. The team will have difficulty to accept the change because most members already set aside their time for the meeting. If the rule changes, what will happen that few weeks later another member wants to change the meeting to another date and time. I often advise team not to change the rules, unless all of them have to. (i.e., they all have class on Thursday night). If a member cannot make that time and date, that member should quit the team.<\/p>\n

All team members must participate in setting and agree to follow the rules. The more team members work together to develop the rules, the more they will agree with each other. A team that is willing to create rules is a team willing to follow them and assume responsibility for its behavior. Team member is usually judging their members by how closely they conform to the rules. Rules must be in writing or post in a place where all members can see. If team member is not clear about its rules, it often lacks control over its members. If members do not respect the rules, the team will not succeed.<\/p>\n

Teamwork is a dynamic environment where members help each other working toward a common goal. Every team must have goals. Goal is the purpose of a team. In teamwork, members share responsibility by effective divide work load and task assignments. For example, the team can divide a book chapter into six parts where each member will learn a part and explain it to the team. By joining force, all members can understand the whole chapter with less effort. Teamwork helps make better decision because the sum of several is better than one. Teamwork facilitates cross training as individual members complement each others.<\/p>\n

The first step in forming team is to define a goal for the team on the basis of the subject that they want to learn together or the problem that they want to solve together. Every team needs to have someone to lead and enforce the rules. A leader should be selected by all team members with a clearly defined level of authority and limit within which he may act autonomously. It is possible to have a rotation of team leader every month so every member has a chance to do that but I do not recommend it. Most college team is form to meet a short term purpose such as a working on Capstone project or a study group for a class. Changing team leader often disrupts the team rather than help.<\/p>\n

To be effective, I suggest the team to keep the size small – Four to eight members. Larger than ten usually have more problems and takes longer to form as team members cannot make decision quickly. In college, team members may come and go so it is possible to have new member join the team after it forms. New member must be accepted by all members to join the team. I suggest the new member to be interviewed by at least three team members. These three will discuss and make the recommendation to rest of the team on whether accept or reject the membership. Once accepted, orientation of new members is the responsibility of the team as it takes time to give new member an overview of the team history, its purpose in forming, its goal and its rules.<\/p>\n

Not all team members will work effectively or follow the rules. In that case, the team must remove that difficult member. When the decision is made, the team must handle the situation as effective as possible. The team leader and two members must meet with the difficult team member and identify the behavior that is causing problems. They remind the member of the agreement to support the team and the team rules that define acceptable or unacceptable behaviors in the team and seek commitment to change. If that team member refuses, the team leader must bring the issue back to the team for discussion. A consensus decision by the team is required to remove a member. The team leader meets the difficult team member and report the team decision.<\/p>\n

When a person is removed, there will be reaction from the rest of the team which stirs up a lot of anxiety, stresses and unnecessary emotions. That is why selecting and accepting member should be done carefully to avoid this situation. As an advisor to many teams, I find that the number one issue among them is the lack of commitment. Some team members do not show up on time, missing team meetings, or not doing the task assigned. Everyone has excuses but for the team to function well, members must do their part. There is no reason to join a team and not participate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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