{"id":1511,"date":"2013-07-02T20:53:58","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T13:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1511"},"modified":"2013-07-02T20:53:58","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T13:53:58","slug":"nhu-cau-ve-cong-nhan-co-ki-nang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1511","title":{"rendered":"Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti Wall Street h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 25 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 20,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edf ra v\u1edbi \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 $60,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m hay h\u01a1n. C\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tin r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra sang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c, danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn hay h\u01a1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ee9c tranh th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi: Trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng thu\u00ea th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 \u00edt c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ra v\u00e0i nguy\u00ean : Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111ang s\u1eafp t\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u (gi\u1eefa 55 v\u00e0 65) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u1edbi l\u00fac v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n (gi\u1eefa 35 t\u1edbi 55) kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng coi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho t\u1edbi khi qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. Khi k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay th\u1ebf h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean 67% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang theo l\u1edbp v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n \u1edf kinh doanh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o kinh doanh, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Sau cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u01b0 th\u1eeba r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a M\u0129 trong n\u0103m b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t. Chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111em tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c CNTT tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao v\u1ec1 M\u0129 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ham mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u bang \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111em tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng ti \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nh\u00f3m CGI \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 $7 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u1edf Belton, Texas qu\u00e3ng 60 d\u1eb7m ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Austin. C\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a CGI n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trung t\u00e2m m\u1edbi s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, Apple \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $21 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t trung t\u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf Austin, Texas. Nhi\u1ec1u bang \u0111ang l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The demand for skilled workers<\/p>\n

Last week, a leading Wall Street company conducted a survey of 25 technology companies and found that there were 20,000 job openings with fewer applicants even these jobs pay at least $60,000 a year or more. The survey company believed that if they expand the survey to other technology companies, the list could go up to several hundred thousand or more. The survey result offered a real picture of current U.S economy: While companies are expanding and willing to hire more, there are few qualified workers to meet the demand. There are many unemployed workers that need jobs but do not have the skills.<\/p>\n

Further investigation of the survey identified several causes: Many workers are reaching retirement age (Between 55 and 65) and do not want or not capable to learn new skills. They only want to hold on to their jobs until retirement. Younger workers (Between 35 to 55) do not update their skills as they do not consider it is important until too late. As their skills are becoming obsolete, many hurry to learn new skills but their companies already make decision to replace them with new highly skilled workers. Among these new unemployed workers, over 67% of them are taking classes with the hope that they will be able to find new jobs. Among their top choices: Information technology, Biotechnology and Healthcare. In the late 1990s, the lure to make more money in stock market trading and financial industry had an effect on college students\u2019 choice. More students enrolled in business, banking, stock trading and financial rather than science and technology. After the financial crisis in 2008, it created a very large surplus of business graduates with no jobs.<\/p>\n

One of the most critical challenges for the U.S industry is the question of outsourced versus in-house resources. In the past twenty years, outsource was the prefer choice but current political situation on high unemployment and the sentiment of export U.S jobs in an election year have made many politicians and company owners nervous. Current government directions are to bring back the high paying IT works to the U.S and passing liberal immigration laws to allow more skilled foreign workers to work in the U.S to meet industry demand.<\/p>\n

Citing the desire to bring IT jobs back, several states have passing tax incentive laws to encourage high-tech companies to bring back outsourced jobs and relocate there. For example, CGI group is building a $7 million tech center in Belton, Texas about 60 miles north of Austin. CGI management said that the new center will employ several hundred new positions next year. At the same time, Apple has received $21 million incentives for locating its operation center in Austin, Texas. Many states are planning to do similar things but the issue remain is where can they find IT skilled workers?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti Wall Street h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 25 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1511"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1512,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1511\/revisions\/1512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}