{"id":150,"date":"2013-06-17T18:20:23","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T11:20:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=150"},"modified":"2013-06-21T11:08:59","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T04:08:59","slug":"linh-vuc-hoc-tap-ve-tinh-toan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=150","title":{"rendered":"L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 “m\u00e1y t\u00ednh” \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 n\u00f3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec. T\u00f4i l\u00fang t\u00fang v\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c “m\u00e1y t\u00ednh”. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Khu v\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. N\u00f3i chung, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u201cM\u00e1y t\u00ednh\u201d v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp “Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.” Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v.v.<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CS):<\/b>\u00a0L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qua k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy logic v\u00ec n\u00f3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 C++ v\u00e0 Java. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v.v. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Sinh vi\u00ean CS ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n capstone \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (SE):\u00a0<\/b>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tin c\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. N\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n chung nh\u01b0ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 \u0111i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 bao h\u00e0m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh SE h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v.v. Trong khi c\u1ea3 hai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh CS v\u00e0 SE \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh SE c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM):\u00a0<\/b>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ISM h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng ti x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n? Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u00e0m sao n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n n\u00f3? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed theo c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin th\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh ch\u00f3ng theo thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ISM \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi. (L\u01b0u \u00fd: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo c\u00e1c t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 H\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed (MIS), H\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CIS), hay H\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin doanh nghi\u1ec7p (BIS). Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ISM \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v.v.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CE):\u00a0<\/b>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb giao di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y nghe nh\u1ea1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c, m\u00e1y ghi video s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y tia x, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu laser t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang. K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 logic v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hay \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chip m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, bo m\u1ea1ch, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n ph\u00edm, modems, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y in. (L\u01b0u \u00fd: c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a k\u0129 s\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.)<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m hai ki\u1ec3u k\u0129 n\u0103ng: k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt (l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, logic v\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 v.v.) v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m (trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, l\u1eafng nghe, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v.v.)\u00a0 Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 an ninh, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong y h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc v.v. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Theo v\u00e0i kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u, khu v\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 y h\u1ecdc, lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh doanh. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 35% t\u1edbi 42% trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi (2010-2020). Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M\u0129.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

Computing fileds of study<\/p>\n

A mother wrote to me: \u201cI want my daughter to study \u201ccomputer\u201d in college so she can get a good job when graduate but she said there are many computing fields of study and she did not know what to choose. I am confused since I think there is only one \u201ccomputer\u201d field. Please help.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: Computing area is divided into several fields of study. In general, most people associate \u201cComputer\u201d with \u201cComputer Science\u201d field of study. However there are others such as Software Engineering, Information System Management, and Computer Engineering etc.<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Computer Science (CS):<\/b>\u00a0This field is focusing in both theory and technology solution through programming techniques. It develops graduates who can design and build software product. The programs require good mathematical background and logical thinking as it focuses mostly on the programming aspect such as data structures and algorithms. Students must master at least two programming languages such as C++ and Java. Most CS graduates will work as software programmers, software developers in areas such as web development, applications development, interface design, and mobile computing etc. Most of these jobs require at least a bachelor\u2019s degree and some form of experience. CS students should take advantage of various summer internship opportunities and capstone project to gain experience before graduate.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Software Engineering (SE):\u00a0<\/b>This field is focusing on developing software systems that are reliable, efficient and satisfy customer\u2019s requirements. Software engineers often work with large software systems which deal with safety-critical applications or embedded systems. It integrates the theories of computer science with the practical aspect of engineering. Although degree programs in computer science and software engineering have many courses in common but software engineering focuses on the entire software development lifecycle that goes beyond programming to include customers\u2019 requirements, architect systems, as well as designing and testing software. SE program focuses on a range of topics that are essential in the software industry such as modeling and analysis, architect, design, verification and validation, software quality, software process, and software management, etc. While both CS and SE programs require students to work in team but SE programs tend to involve students in more teamwork with different roles and responsibilities.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Information Systems Management (ISM):\u00a0<\/b>This field\u00a0<\/b>is focusing on the managing of information systems that support a business or governmental organization. It is concerned with the processes that a company must implement to improve efficiency. This field integrates the knowledge of computer science with the practical of business aspects to use information technology to automate business processes. ISM graduates learn both technical and business theories and apply them to help company to determine how information technology can improve business performance. They determine what information does the company need? How is that information generated? How does it provide to people who need it? Is it presented to managers in ways that allow them to make decision quickly? Is the company structured to be able to use technology effectively? Are the business processes of the company well designed? Does the company use information technologies appropriately? Is the company capable of changing quickly enough to changing market? These are the important issues that businesses rely on ISM people to address. (Note: Information Systems Management (ISM) may be called by different names such as Management Information Systems (MIS), Computer Information Systems (CIS), or Business Information Systems (BIS). Most ISM graduates have worked as Database Administrator, Information System Manager, and Information Technology Service Manager., Etc.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Computer Engineering (CE):\u00a0<\/b>This field is focusing on the design of hardware and software systems including communications systems, computers and devices that interfaces with users and other devices. An important area of computing engineering is the development of embedded systems such as cell phones, digital audio players, digital video recorders, alarm systems, x-ray machines, and laser surgical tools all require both hardware and embedded software. Computer engineering is taught mostly in engineering school. This field requires significant study of mathematics and logic and electronics and electrical engineering. Graduates in this program often work as computer engineers in hardware or electronic companies to design computer chips, circuit boards, computer systems, and related equipment such as keyboards, modems, and printers. (Note: The work of computer engineers is very similar to that of electronics engineers but only focus on computer hardware equipment.<\/p>\n

Basically, all computing related fields of study consist of two types of skills: Technical skills (programming, problem solving, logic and abstraction etc.) and soft-skills (Communication, presentation, listening, teamwork and leadership etc.)\u00a0 After graduated, most people go to work but some continue to go to a Master degree for specialization in certain domain areas such as Security, Database, and Network, Computer music, Computer in Medicine or Biotechnology etc. Some go to study in a Ph.D degree to conduct research in computing domain areas. According to several studies, Computing areas are considered the fastest growing jobs in the world, ahead of Medicine, Law, and Business. The demand for computing degreed professionals is expected to grow by 35% to 42% in the next ten years (2010-2020). Currently there is a critical shortage of graduates in computing area all over the world, from China, India to Europe and the U.S.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 “m\u00e1y t\u00ednh” \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-khoa-hoc-may-tinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=150"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":152,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150\/revisions\/152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}