	{"id":1483,"date":"2013-07-02T16:50:29","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1483"},"modified":"2013-07-02T16:50:29","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:50:29","slug":"nghe-ki-nghe-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1483","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Sinh vi\u00ean k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. H\u1ecd h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu \u0111\u00f3. Sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc tu\u00e2n theo qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1eadp k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean k\u0129 thu\u1eadt cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa vi nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf. K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 Microsoft, Google, Facebook v.v. b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v.v. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o hay kinh doanh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (CRM); h\u1ec7 L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti (ERP); hay h\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p (SCM) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u00e1n s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (COTS) nh\u01b0 \u201cSAP\u201d hay \u201cPeopleSoft\u201d cho c\u00f4ng ti. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 cung. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed ho\u00e1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ng\u00e0y nay l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u1eeb $89,000 t\u1edbi $105,000; v\u1edbi t\u1eebng n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam $5,000 t\u1edbi $7,000. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 n\u0103m n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e0m ra $120,000 t\u1edbi $135,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, n\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh khu v\u1ef1c &#8220;n\u00f3ng&#8221;. C\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o iPod, iPhone v\u00e0 iPad c\u1ee7a Apple hay Androids c\u1ee7a Google. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao qu\u00e1t Java, C++, C#, Python, v\u00e0 Ruby tr\u00ean Rails.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cao, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c. Khi b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, nh\u1edb th\u00eam ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Ng\u00e0y nay, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u01b0a th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p hay ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 2 n\u0103m v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00f4ng ti cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m 6 t\u1edbi 8 th\u00e1ng); nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 (d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5).<\/p>\n<p>Trong ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao k\u0129 n\u0103ng ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t); c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ee9c m\u00f4 \u0111un v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \/ ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c; k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng); v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc tin c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;-English version&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Software Engineering Career<\/p>\n<p>Software engineering has been ranked as the hottest job in the world. Basically; software engineer is responsible for creating quality software product that meets customer\u2019s requirements. Software engineering students are trained to architect a software solution based on a set of technology components. They learn to design prototypes to make sure that the solution meets customer\u2019s needs, and write code to create products based on those prototypes. Students learn to follow software process, software lifecycle, and software methods and using tools so by the time they graduate, they have a set of skills that can be applied to many areas. In addition, they also maintain awareness of the latest industry trends and technologies, and provide technical advice to other people.<\/p>\n<p>The future of this field is bright as there are many job opportunities today and in the future. The most interesting thing about software engineering is that graduates can work in so many different fields. Software engineering is part of every industry.<\/p>\n<p>If you are a software engineer working for a software company like Microsoft, Google, Facebook etc. you will be working with other software engineers and be specialized in testing, programming, developing, quality assurance, architecture, and project management etc. If you are a software engineer working in a manufacturing or business company, you could be working on customer Relation Management system (CRM); Enterprise Resource Planning system (ERP); or Supply Chain management system (SCM) and developing software or customize Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) software such as \u201cSAP\u201d or \u201cPeopleSoft\u201d for the company. As more companies are trying to automate their information system, they need more software engineers.<\/p>\n<p>Today Information technology (IT) field that consists of Computer Science, Software Engineering, Information System Management and Computer Engineering are one of the occupations that grow the fastest in the world. In fact, there is a shortage of these people in every country because the demand has exceeded the supply. This growth will continue because there are more businesses need new technologies to streamline the efficiency of their computer systems. All this growth and demand leads to significant increasing salaries. Today starting salaries for software engineer\u2019s graduates in the U.S is ranging from $89,000 to $105,000; with each year of experience add another $5,000 to $7,000. A software engineer with five years of experience can be expected to make $120,000 to $135,000 a year.<\/p>\n<p>Today, mobile platforms and tablets became \u201cHot\u201d areas. There is high demand for graduates who have skills in developing applications for mobile devices with emphasis on Apple&#8217;s iPod, iPhone and iPad or Google\u2019s Androids. The change in technology requires a change in curriculum to focus more on mobile approach. Many programming classes are expanding to cover Java, C++, C#, Python, and Ruby on Rails.<\/p>\n<p>With high global demand, now is a great time to study software engineering or other information technology fields. As you plan for your future career, remember to add foreign language such as English as many jobs in the future require language skills. Today, almost every job in IT industry require a Bachelor degree, some even prefer advanced degrees. Although in some countries, 2 years vocational or certificates are still good to get jobs but the market has changed rapidly. Today most software are becoming larger and more complex, the short training time will not give workers the skills that industry requires, especially if you want to work for global company, outsourcing provider company.<\/p>\n<p>Although, job description varies among companies and specialty areas but most companies want to hire graduates that have experience in software development (Capstone project is often counted as 6 to 8 months experience); Graduates that have knowledge of software development process, lifecycle, design procedures with additional soft-skills such as communication skills, presentation skills, decision making, leadership skills and the most important is teamwork skills (Capstone project is often counted as having teamwork skills).<\/p>\n<p>During job interviews, most companies would ask candidates about skills such as the design and architecture a software systems according to a requirements specification; the ability to work with distributed team members and be able to integrates suggestions and changes (This is why foreign language skill is critical) ; How to conduct unit test components to ensure module-level functionality and data structure consistency; Skills in design and implementation\/code reviews of other team members; Skills in writing code in a timely fashion and with high quality, consistent with industry standards. The ability to communicate with customers and users (This is why foreign language is important); and knowledge about the latest industry trends and technologies. (This is why students must read technology news and industry trends often);<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 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