{"id":1481,"date":"2013-07-02T16:49:18","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:49:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1481"},"modified":"2013-07-02T16:49:18","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:49:18","slug":"nghe-khoa-hoc-may-tinh-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1481","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CS) \u0111ang b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ebf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ecdi n\u0103m th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb an ninh m\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v.v. nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao. Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 ba vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean: \u201cV\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n thu\u00ea. Ng\u00e0y nay n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh, ai \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd thu\u00ea m\u1ea5t. C\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1edf ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CS s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 g\u00e2y s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t l\u1edbn. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2011 n\u00f3i t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t qu\u00e3ng 150,000 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u1edf ri\u00eang M\u0129. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n qu\u00e3ng 4.5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2020. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhanh t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee7 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi CNTT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 San Jose, San Francisco, Boston, Seattle, v\u00e0 Austin c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 8000 c\u00f4ng ti thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT “nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u00ean”. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti d\u1eebng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i cho t\u1edbi khi kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m. Khi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngay, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c d\u00e2ng l\u00ean trong nhu c\u1ea7u. V\u00ec m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, CNTT tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh khu v\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n. Khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t n\u1eefa cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u01b0a th\u00edch thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u cho t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u1eefa. Xem nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00f3ng”. V\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS ng\u00e0y nay th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $90,000 t\u1edbi $110,000 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tu\u1ef3 theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ra. Sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nhu c\u1ea7u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng li\u00ean quan m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng vi r\u00fat, s\u00e2u v.v. \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra quan ng\u1ea1i t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 ch\u00ednh cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh v\u00e0 “an ninh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n” ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 an ninh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong m\u00f4n \u201cN\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m\u201d hay \u201cNh\u1eadp m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh\u201d\u00a0b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi d\u00f9ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, quy\u1ec1n truy nh\u1eadp, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ho\u00e1, an ninh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1edbi qua vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 tr\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh an ninh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi ph\u1ea1m web \u0111ang t\u0103ng, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4n “an ninh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n” v\u00e0 “vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 an ninh” c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y cho m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00ed \u0111a nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh song h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00ed, k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 song h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n logic n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng song h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 song h\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o song h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng web l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi sinh vi\u00ean CS x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, di \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, an ninh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng minh. K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 Web b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a CS, v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc web \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng\/truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i hay t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n CS m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, logic, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1, sinh vi\u00ean CS c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Computer Science Career<\/p>\n

The job market for Computer Science (CS) graduates is exploding all over the world due to the critical shortage of software developers. The computer field is expanding in so many directions beyond any prediction. New areas and new fields are created every year adding to the urgent needs. There are jobs that did not even exist five years ago such as mobile developers, network security administrator, social network analyst and social network developers etc. but today they are in high demand. According to an industry report, there are three jobs available for every CS graduate. A software manager told reporters: \u201cFew years ago, we were very selective on who we want to hire. Today if we do not hire fast enough, somebody will. Competition for CS graduates is fierce. We even offer jobs to third-year students to prevent them for working for other company.\u201d<\/p>\n

Reports of available CS job openings are staggering. A 2011 study claimed a shortfall of 150,000 unfilled positions in the U.S alone. The report estimated that the world will needs about 4.5 million software developers to meet global demands in 2020. The reason is technology changes so fast that no schools can train enough students to meet demand. Although many jobs can be filled by retrained IT people but there are not enough qualified trainers to train them. Technology cities like San Jose, San Francisco, Boston, Seattle, and Austin have over 8000 companies hiring IT workers \u201clike crazy.” If you are still not sure what to study in college, you may want to look at Computer Science as your future career.<\/p>\n

Today every industry relies on information technology. During the financial crisis, companies stopped hiring and waited until the economy recovers so many works were not done. As the recovery begins they cannot wait longer and suddenly every company is hiring at once which create a surge in demand. Since every business needs new software to improve their efficiency, IT becomes the fastest growing area. At the same time, the market for mobile platforms and tablets took off and put more demand for skilled software developers. One development area leads to another, creating new needs for more software workers. As industries see the benefits of new software technologies, they must ensure their systems are using the latest technologies too so they prefer to hire newly graduates because their IT people may not have the latest skills.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The introduction of smart phone creates a need for integrate computing and telecommunications because phone is now a computers too. As a result, systems integration and software architect are becoming \u201cHot skills\u201d. With such high demand, most CS graduates do not have to find jobs because the jobs have to find them. Today CS graduates often have several companies to choose from with very competitive salary. A newly CS graduate can make $90,000 to $110,000 a year depending on the school they graduated from. Students from universities that have training programs in alignment with industry needs often make more.<\/p>\n

As technology changes, demand in industry also changes that requires university to change their curriculum too. Today there are relevant emerging trends in Computer Science that students need to pay attention:<\/p>\n

The amount of malicious software in the form of viruses, worms, etc is causing concerns to the extent that it is now seen as a major threat to the industry. The IT industry has sent urgent requests to all universities that they must pay attention to security matters and \u201cComputing Security\u201d must be a required course for all IT graduates. Although the issues of security is often taught in the \u201cFundamental to Software Engineering\u201d or \u201cIntroduction to Computer Science\u201d\u00a0 courses by mentioning the use of passwords, access controls, the use of firewalls, using cryptographic techniques, data security. However, many violations come about through inadequate attention to basic matters such as programming techniques. Failure to program properly can result in exploitable software defects such as buffer overflow and related problems. In addition web-related security breaches are increasingly common, and again need to be addressed appropriately. The IT industry recommends that \u201cComputing Security\u201d courses and \u201cSecure Coding\u201d courses to be taught for all Computer Science and Software Engineering training program in university.<\/p>\n

The development of multi-core processors has been a significant contribution to computing architecture. To take this new advantage fully, training needs to apply concurrency into their programming courses. This places greater emphasis on the principles, techniques and technologies of concurrency in the fundamental logic and programming courses. With the explosion of mobile platforms and tablets, there are urgent needs to update current training to include concurrent features, and with emphasis on the concurrency elements. Such a request from IT industry represents a fundamental shift towards greater attention to concurrency as the future of all computing curriculum requirements.<\/p>\n

The use of the web is another major change in computing disciplines. The IT industry also requests that university to require CS students to build knowledge in areas that address programming, software engineering, data management, mobility, human computer interaction, security and intelligent systems. Web engineering has now emerged as a new discipline of CS, and web science is emerging quickly too. These developments have served to blur the traditional distinction between the areas of operating systems and networking \/ communications. Other topics such as games computing or entertainment computing, as well as simulation and modeling tend to emerge quickly as another new CS disciplines.<\/p>\n

For many years, Computer Science is an area that focuses on data structure, logic, algorithms, and programming languages but it is rapidly changing with new emerging areas that requires significant change in the way university educate their students. As new areas are needed by the industry, as new technology is evolving, CS students need to understand these changes to keep their knowledge and skills up to date with high demand from industry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CS) \u0111ang b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-khoa-hoc-may-tinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1481"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1482,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1481\/revisions\/1482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1481"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1481"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}