{"id":1477,"date":"2013-07-02T16:47:08","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1477"},"modified":"2013-07-02T16:47:08","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:47:08","slug":"nghe-kiem-thu-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1477","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201c\u0110\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.\u201d Ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Khi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. V\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean y\u00eau th\u00edch tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i Xbox c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 cho b\u1ea1n n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang d\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) h\u01a1n v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ecd thu\u00ea, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u1eefa. Qu\u00e3ng 40% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 Microsoft, Google, v\u00e0 Facebook l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cC\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. V\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb s\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi r\u00fat hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ea1i l\u1ebbn v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ecfi.”<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t hay hai n\u0103m. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hai n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u kinh doanh di \u0111\u1ed9ng (m-business), ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATM v\u00e0 ERP t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi ch\u00fang. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam n\u0103m l\u1ed7i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng \u0111ang thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed do vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00f3i: \u201cM\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh ng\u00e0y nay, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, t\u00ecm web, h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, l\u00ean l\u1ecbch h\u1ecdp, v\u00e0 mua c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i hay b\u1ecb t\u1eaft, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. T\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1edbi v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean n\u00f3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.” Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra $92,000 t\u1edbi $105,000 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng hay trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf. C\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an ninh cao, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi nhau. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed an ninh, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v.v.<\/p>\n

Trong khi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay: ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean k\u00eau : \u201cN\u00f3 qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1t th\u00e0nh ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang; ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea9m tra l\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1i m\u1ecdi tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ebft ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y kia, h\u1ebft tu\u1ea7n n\u1ecd t\u1edbi tu\u1ea7n kia m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t r\u1ed3. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho h\u1ecd nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n.\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video l\u00e0 “ng\u00f4i sao nh\u1ea1c rock” c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u fan h\u00e2m m\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 th\u00edch c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao phim \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng mua tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ecdi l\u00fac. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video l\u00e0 kinh doanh n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video nh\u01b0 Disney, Fox v\u00e0 EA c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn doanh nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t b\u1edfi v\u00ec ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ngo\u1ea1i giao. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n li.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software testing career<\/p>\n

The IT industry has a phrase: \u201cBehind every great software developer, there is an equally great software tester.\u201d Today the world has a shortage of both software developers and software testers. As more software is being built, more testers are needed. As software products are getting larger and more complex, software testers\u2019 skills are becoming more sophisticated. Especially testers are needed to make consumer products easy to use with no defect. If you are students who love video games and can play Xbox all day, games testing can be a career for you too.<\/p>\n

Today company is relying more on Information technology (IT) than few years ago. For every software developer they hire, they also hire a software tester as well. About 40% of people who work at software companies such as Microsoft, Google, and Facebook are testers. A software manager explains: \u201cHaving skilled testers is like buying insurance. Since software product is never perfect, you need to test it to make sure customers do not complain. If you are owner of an on-line store, you do not want to see your website crash that is why you have to hire good testers. If you do business on-line, you do not want virus or malicious software get in, that is why you have to hire good testers.”<\/p>\n

Few years ago, most testers can be quickly trained in about one to two years. Vocational schools\u2019 two-year programs or even six months certificated testing were good enough to get jobs in IT industry. That market has changed quickly in recent years as software is getting larger and more complex. There is an increasing need of highly skilled testers, especially in the areas of consumer products and financial services. With the popular of telecommunication devices, such as smart phones and more mobile business (m-business), users demand quality software, and highly skilled testers with a college degree is now in high demand. A senior manager explained: \u201cMany bank are using automated ATM and ERP systems, these are complex software products that require highly skilled testers, and we cannot have someone with few months training touch them. They may fix one bug but create five more bugs in the system.\u201d<\/p>\n

Telecommunication companies are hiring more testers due to explosion of smart phones and tablets. A manager said: \u201cEverybody is using smart phone today, it is not just a phone but also a computer. People talk, takes pictures, search the web, ask for directions, play games, schedule meetings, and buy things on-line using their smart phones. Each phone has hundred mobile apps and if they have bugs or shutdown, it would be a disaster so we have to test everything. Each phone may have million lines of code so there is no way testers with few months training can work on it. We only hire workers with at least college degree in Computer Science or Software Engineering and specialize in software testing. Today a graduate in Computer Science or Software Engineering specializes in testing can make $92,000 to $105,000 a year.<\/p>\n

There are many opportunities for people who like to test complex things such as mobile devices or medical equipments. There is a growing demand for skilled tester because these complex products. For example product that has multiple programming languages, software that interfaces with other software programs, software that requires high level of security, and software that connect several devices together. For many years, software testing is taught as one single course in Computer Science or Software Engineering program, but it is changing to a specialized area that has several courses such as, Telecommunication testing, Large Scale testing, Security testing, and Devices testing etc.<\/p>\n

While software testing involves mostly the testing software products but there is another aspect of testing that attract a lot of students today: Video game testing. A student exclaims: \u201cIt is too good to be true. You can play with video games all day and get paid a lot of money for doing it.\u201d It is true; most video game companies have urgent need for game testers. These people must verify the interfaces and integrity of the game components and demonstrates that these software components meet their design and technical requirements. Entry level testers must play every game for months to make sure that the game works the way it is designed. A game manager explains: \u201cNo one can play the same game days after days, weeks after weeks and not go crazy. There are a numbers of tester would do that and we have to pay them a lot of money.\u201d However, after few years most of these testers would move up and become game developers then ultimately game designers. Video game designer is the \u201cRock star\u201d of game and they are treated with respect and have many fans. If movie fans love their movie stars, video game players know their game designers and often buy their new games all the times. Game designer is a very special highly skills that require a lot of creativity but you must start as game testers first. Today video games are hot business that makes a lot of money. Video game companies like Disney, Fox and EA have a lot of jobs opportunity because of the growth of sales in video games. Videogame is a new industry that grows faster than any industry and as it grows, it needs more developers and testers.<\/p>\n

Students who want to pursue a career in software testing must understand the entire software development process and how it fits into the business approach. They must understand software methods and tools but most of all, they must have good soft-skills because testing requires both communication skills and diplomatic skills. They have to maintaining good relationship with developers and managers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201c\u0110\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.\u201d Ng\u00e0y nay … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1477"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1478,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1477\/revisions\/1478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}