{"id":1465,"date":"2013-07-02T16:38:49","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:38:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1465"},"modified":"2013-07-02T16:38:49","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:38:49","slug":"tuong-lai-cua-robotic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1465","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a robotic"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1edd New York Times c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama v\u00e0 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i \u1edf thung l\u0169ng Silicon. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u0129 h\u1ecfi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m: \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111em vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129?\u201d M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cN\u1ebfu t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111em nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\u201d T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng h\u1ee9a r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y h\u1ecfi Steve Jobs c\u00e1ch \u0111em vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o iPhone, iPads tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129, \u00f4ng Jobs \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cNh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG quay l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e2u.\u201d T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y th\u00fac ti\u1ebfp: \u201c\u00d4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Steve Jobs \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cB\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1edfi robot.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi Carnegie Mellon, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Robotics v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng M\u0129 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong robotics.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, robot l\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 trong phim. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn robot kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong robotic l\u00e0m cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) l\u00e0m cho robots th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang \u201cngh\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn\u201d cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (ML) l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang \u201ch\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng – Sensing and Movement (SM) l\u00e0m cho robots nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 di \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng robot CMU n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 robot nh\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 con mu\u1ed7i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng robots c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3. Sinh vi\u00ean CMU g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u201cRobots l\u00e0m ra b\u00e9 con\u201d. Nh\u1eefng robots n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb l\u00ean ch\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang g\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi nhau. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, nh\u1eefng robots n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang khi c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft hay khi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay robots \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf M\u0129. Robots \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng; robots l\u00e0m \u00f4 t\u00f4, xe t\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 robots \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n kim lo\u1ea1i, h\u00e0n s\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng xi g\u1eedi \u0111i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 robots l\u00e1i \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi CMU \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t robot s\u1ebd l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a robotics \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Robots s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i qui tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e3i m\u00e3i v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Khi vi\u1ec7c \u201cRobot ho\u00e1\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o M\u0129 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean qui m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c kinh t\u1ebf l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o robotics nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng M\u0129 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Robotics l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc robotics \u0111\u1ec1u theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ph.D hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea1c s\u0129. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mong \u0111\u1ee3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng robots v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u00edt m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng robots trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay; robots c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Khi nhi\u1ec1u robots \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Robotics l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7n Robotics:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.ri.cmu.edu\/<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.ri.cmu.edu\/education_sub.html?menu_id=235<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Future of Robotics<\/p>\n

The New York Times had an article about a conversation between President Obama and several technology company executives last year in Silicon Valley. The U.S President asked several software executives: \u201cWhat can we do to reduce software outsourcing and bring technology jobs back to the U.S.?\u201d An executive answered: \u201cIf you and Congress can change the immigration laws and allow us to bring in more foreign skilled IT workers, we will not outsource technology jobs.\u201d The president promised that he would do that. But when he asked Steve Jobs how to bring iPhone, iPads manufacturing jobs back to the U.S. Mr. Jobs replied: \u201cThose jobs are NOT coming back.\u201d The President was not pleased so he pressed on: \u201cExplain to me why not?\u201d Steve Jobs answered: \u201cBecause it will not create hundreds of thousand jobs like it happened in the past. Today manufacturing jobs are different from the manual jobs that I sent to China. Our factories only require few workers with different skills as most of the works are done by robots.\u201d Whatever happened after that was not mentioned in the article but few months after that, President Obama went to Carnegie Mellon, the top U.S university in Computer and Robotics and declared that the U.S needed more computer scientists who specialized in robotics.<\/p>\n

To many people, robot is a machine that looks like a human and does things like people, as in the movies. The fact is most robots do not look like human but perform many things that people used to do. There are several specialized areas in robotics that make this field exciting. For example, Artificial Intelligence (AI) making robots more intelligent, making them \u201cthink and reasoning\u201d so they can do things better. Machine Learning (ML) makes them \u201clearn from their mistakes\u201d so they can improve their works. Sensing and Movement (SM) make robots aware of the environment and adjust their move to be more mobile, so they can work together, and improve their human interaction. One of the famous CMU robots is the water strider robot that looks like a mosquito that can walks on water. There are robots that can build copies of itself. CMU students called it: \u201cRobots making babies\u201d. These robots are actually made of a series of modular cubes that have electro-magnetic on them, which allows them to attach to and detach from one another. Basically, these robots are created to repair themselves when there are defected or when something breakdown.<\/p>\n

Today robots play an important role in U.S manufacturing. Robots are used in many constructions; Robots build cars, trucks as well as manufacturing products. Some robots are designed to lift heavy things; some can bend metals, weld irons and seal dispending. Some robots drive cars and trucks and haul equipments to construction sites. Currently CMU is building a robot that will go to the moon in 2015 to find water and minerals.<\/p>\n

The future of robotics is full of promising and has a lot of job opportunities in both private industry and government works. Robots will change manufacturing process forever because they are better, more efficient, and very effective and create quality works. When \u201cRobotization\u201d is done, it will allow U.S manufacturers to compete on a global scale and changes the balance of economic power again. Currently only few countries are focusing on robotics such as Japan and Germany but the U.S. is still the leader.<\/p>\n

Robotics is a specialization area of Information Technology. It is an advanced degree programs for students who already graduated in Computer Science, Software Engineering and Computer Engineering. Today, most students study robotics is pursuing Ph.D or at least MS programs. It is expected that future manufacturing works will use robots and factory workers will be trained to do new jobs that are less mechanical but more engineering. There are many problems that can be solved by robots in the industry today; robots can reduce costs and improve quality of production lines. As more robots are needed, new technologies will be developed. Robotics is an area that will continue to grow strong.<\/p>\n

For information on Robotics Institute:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.ri.cmu.edu\/<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.ri.cmu.edu\/education_sub.html?menu_id=235<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1edd New York Times c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama v\u00e0 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1465"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1466,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1465\/revisions\/1466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}