{"id":1452,"date":"2013-07-02T16:20:40","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1452"},"modified":"2013-07-02T16:20:40","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T09:20:40","slug":"scrum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1452","title":{"rendered":"SCRUM"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00f4ng ti ch\u00fang em ch\u1ecdn Scrum l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u00fang em nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o Scrum t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean sau v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1eadn ch\u00fang em. Ch\u00fang em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra. Xin th\u1ea7y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: \u201cScrum l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Agile ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Scrum c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c l\u1eb7p Scrum gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sprint (1 t\u1edbi 4 tu\u1ea7n) n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Qui tr\u00ecnh Scrum l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp “\u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y” c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed5 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ; \u201cS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Burndown (ch\u00e1y xu\u1ed1ng)\u201d gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u00f9ng Scrum l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo qui tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea3y qua v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y kh\u1edbp. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nhau: \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec r\u1ed3i, t\u1ea1i sao b\u1eadn t\u00e2m c\u1eadp nh\u1eadp t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat sprint? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian.\u201d M\u1ecdi qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo n\u00f3 th\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Scrum t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec Scrum.<\/p>\n

Scrum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 “qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9” cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf (3 t\u1edbi 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi) nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u1edf c\u00f9ng ch\u1ed7. N\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1edbn n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c m\u00fai gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 l\u1edbn hay t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG d\u00f9ng Scrum. Cho d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “t\u0103ng qui m\u00f4” nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o n\u00f3. Xin nh\u1edb cho r\u1eb1ng Scrum kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t c\u1ee1 kh\u1edbp cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3” v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng qui m\u00f4 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eebng d\u00f9ng Scrum cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho.<\/p>\n

Scrum l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Web, cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nhanh nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u ch\u0103m nom b\u1edfi v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro cao. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho tin c\u1eady, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i v\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Scrum.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Scrum c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang cho n\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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SCRUM<\/p>\n

I received an email from a software developer who wrote: \u201cOur company selects Scrum to be the only development method and we receive Scrum training from a consultant company. However after few months, many projects have failed and managers were angry at us. We do not know what happened. Please help.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Answer: \u201cScrum is the most popular Agile approach and is being used in software companies worldwide. It is a simple but very effective management process for software development. Scrum can help project team to manage changes in scope of the project. Scrum iterations help the team to develop products in several incremental steps called Sprint (1 to 4 weeks) where the team can get feedback from users quickly. Scrum process is simple, clear and easy to learn, its \u201cDaily Standup\u201d meetings allow the team to share information effectively; the \u201cBurndown chart\u201d helps team members to check status easily.<\/p>\n

The most common issue of project that uses Scrum is they do not follow the process but often skip some steps as they see fit. For example, team members may say to each other: \u201cWe already know what to do, why bother to update the sprint backlog? It is a waste of time.\u201d Every process is defined for a purpose, if you do not follow it than you do not use Scrum accordingly. In that case, you may have problems but it is not because of Scrum.<\/p>\n

Scrum is designed as a \u201clightweight development process\u201d for small project with small teams (3 to 8 people) who work together in the same place. It is NOT design for larger project with large distributed team where members are located in several geographical areas and in different time zones. If your project is large or your team consists of a lot of people and many are not located in the same place, I suggest that you DO NOT use Scrum. Even it is possible to \u201cscale up\u201d as some consultants have suggested but I would not recommend it. Please remember that Scrum is not a \u201cone size fits all\u201d and scale up requires a lot of efforts, coordinations and unless you are experienced, do not use Scrum for something it is not designed for.<\/p>\n

Scrum is excellent for Web project, for project that need fast update but NOT for critical systems such as medical devices, aviation and weapon, or defense systems. These projects require a lot of care because of high risks. They need to meet safety expectations such as requirements analysis, quality assurance, and design for reliability, qualification testing, project documentation, configuration management and traceability. These projects are better suited for traditional software lifecycle practices rather than Scrum.<\/p>\n

Software company should have several development methodologies not just one. Project managers should select appropriate methods for each project accordingly. Scrum might not be correct method so company must chose wisely.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00f4ng ti ch\u00fang em ch\u1ecdn Scrum l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1452"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1452\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1454,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1452\/revisions\/1454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}